Scribd
Upload
11 views

Hydro Assignment

Hydrology is the scientific study of water movement, distribution, and management on Earth, crucial for resource management and environmental sustainability. The hydrologic cycle encompasses processes like evaporation, precipitation, and infiltration, which are essential for replenishing water resources. Understanding the rainfall-runoff relationship is vital for effective flood management and water resource planning.

Uploaded by

Jerald Jhim De Leon
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
11 views

Hydro Assignment

Hydrology is the scientific study of water movement, distribution, and management on Earth, crucial for resource management and environmental sustainability. The hydrologic cycle encompasses processes like evaporation, precipitation, and infiltration, which are essential for replenishing water resources. Understanding the rainfall-runoff relationship is vital for effective flood management and water resource planning.

Uploaded by

Jerald Jhim De Leon
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 2

Fernando, John Christian R.

BSCE – 3A Hydrology
22-02610

1. Definition of Hydrology
Hydrology is the scientific study of the movement, distribution, and management of water on
Earth, including its occurrence in the atmosphere, surface water bodies, and underground
reservoirs. It examines how water interacts with the environment, ecosystems, and human
activities, playing a critical role in water resource management, flood control, and
environmental sustainability.
2. The Hydrologic Cycle
The hydrologic cycle, also known as the water cycle, describes the continuous movement of
water within the Earth’s atmosphere and surface. It consists of key processes such as
evaporation, condensation, precipitation, infiltration, runoff, and transpiration. Water
evaporates from oceans, lakes, and rivers, condenses into clouds, falls as precipitation, and
either infiltrates the ground to recharge groundwater or becomes surface runoff that flows
back to water bodies, completing the cycle.
3. Precipitation
Precipitation refers to any form of water, such as rain, snow, sleet, or hail, that falls from the
atmosphere to the Earth's surface. It occurs when water vapor in clouds condenses into liquid
or solid particles, which become too heavy to remain suspended in the air. Precipitation is a
crucial part of the hydrologic cycle, as it replenishes surface and groundwater resources.
4. Infiltration
Infiltration is the process by which water from precipitation or other sources enters the soil
and percolates into underground layers. The rate of infiltration depends on soil type,
vegetation cover, land slope, and moisture content. It plays a key role in groundwater
recharge and helps prevent surface runoff and soil erosion.
5. Evaporation
Evaporation is the process by which water transforms from liquid to vapor due to heat energy
from the sun. This process occurs in oceans, lakes, rivers, and other water bodies, as well as
on wet surfaces. It is a fundamental component of the hydrologic cycle, as it contributes to
cloud formation and the redistribution of water across different regions.
6. Basic Subsurface Flow (Steady State Condition)
Subsurface flow refers to the movement of water beneath the Earth’s surface, primarily
within soil layers and porous rock formations. Under steady-state conditions, the flow of
groundwater remains constant over time, meaning that the rate of water entering an
underground system is equal to the rate of water leaving. This process is essential for
maintaining groundwater levels and supplying water to streams and rivers during dry periods.
7. Rainfall-Runoff Relation
The rainfall-runoff relationship describes how precipitation translates into surface runoff.
Factors affecting this relationship include rainfall intensity, duration, land use, soil type, and
topography. When rainfall exceeds the infiltration capacity of the soil, excess water becomes
runoff, which flows into rivers, lakes, and reservoirs. Understanding this relationship is
crucial for flood management, water resource planning, and predicting water availability in
different regions.

You might also like

pFad - Phonifier reborn

Pfad - The Proxy pFad of © 2024 Garber Painting. All rights reserved.

Note: This service is not intended for secure transactions such as banking, social media, email, or purchasing. Use at your own risk. We assume no liability whatsoever for broken pages.


Alternative Proxies:

Alternative Proxy

pFad Proxy

pFad v3 Proxy

pFad v4 Proxy