Distribution Design Standard Underground Systems Record Number: RO000392089 Version Number: 1.0 Date: February 2016 TasNetworksAuthorisations Prepared by _| Greg Hall 19.02.2016 Reviewed by _| Brent McKillop 19.02.2016 Authorised by | David Ellis 19.02.2016 Review cycle _| 5 Years Responsibilities This document is the responsibility of the Asset Strategy Team, Tasmanian Networks Pty Ltd, ABN 24 167 357 299 (hereafter referred to as "TasNetworks' Please contact the Asset Strategy Team with any queries or suggestions. © Implementation All TasNetworks staff and contractors. © Compl All group managers. © Tasmanian Networks Pty Ltd 2015 Record of revisionsTable of Contents Authorisations., Responsibilities Record of revisions... 1 Introduction. aa 12 13 14 15 Prelude, Scope.. wR RRR RE Definitions... Distribution asset records. ‘Acts, Regulations and Standards... 1.5.1 Acts and regulations. 12 1.5.2 Applicable Australian and international, standards and guides 13 1.5.3 Applicable regulatory standards 15 15.4 TasNetworks standards... 15 2 Design framework... 16 Design implementation 16 2a 2.2 23 24 Design methodology. 2.2.1 Assessment of connection 16 17 2.2.2 Cable route. 2.2.3 Selection of equipment... 2.2.4 Safety in Design... 2.2.5 Electrical design... 2.2.6 Civil Design Design methodology process flow. 21 Detailed design requirements... 2.4.1 Cable joints. 2.4.2 Cable route. 2.4.3 Electrical Loads... 2.4.4 Voltage drop calculations. 2.4.5 Cable rating, 2.8.6 Standard cable sizes... 2.4.7 Underground furniture.... 2.4.8 Pulling cable. 2.4.9 Surface cutting and reinstatement 2.4.10 Existing underground infrastructure 2.4.11 Electrical and Magnetic Field (EMF). Page 2 of 68Distribution Design Standard - Underground System 2.4.12. Earthing... 2.4.13 Protection and control. 2.4.14 Access and operational clearance 39 2.4.15 Civil. 2.4.16 Equipment labelling... 25 Design deliverables... 2.5.1 Sample deliverables. 2.6 Design check list 3 Underground design drawings... 3.1 Low voltage cable 3.2. Low voltage furniture 3.3. High voltage cable. 3.4 High voltage termination arrangements 62 4 Drawing Standards... Appendix A — Historical installations Page 3 of 68Distribution Design Standard - Underground System 1 Introduction 1.1 Prelude This Underground System Distribution Design Standard (“Standard”) contains the approved design process considerations and detailed standard arrangements for the design of Underground System assets within TasNetworks’ electrical network. TasNetworks will update this Standard periodically. It is the responsibility of the designer to ensure the latest Standard is used, 1.2 Scope The Standard applies to the following asset types: High voltage underground cables, i.e. 33 kV, 22 kV and 11 kV High voltage cable terminations. Low voltage underground cables Low voltage cable terminations Low voltage underground furniture i.e. cabinets, turrets, pillars and pits ‘Submarine cables The application of this design standard applies to both the development of new underground networks and modifications to existing networks. New underground networks will connect to and be supplied from the existing network. The infrastructure at the point of connection may be the existing underground network, a substation, or the overhead network. The design standard for the applicable infrastructure is provided in the corresponding Distribution Design Standard. References to these standards are provided in section 15.4, All designs shall be complaint in full with this standard. if compliance with the standard cannot be achieved then the designer shall consult with TasNetworks’ Asset Engineering team for an alternative solution. Underground materials shall comply with TasNetworks’ Approved Product List and specifications. Page 4 of 68Distribution Design Standard - Underground System 1.3 Defini Table 1 — Definitions Term Ac ADMD Armour Bedding Bentonite Bond Box, Service Fuse Cabinet Cable Cable, pilot Conductor Common MEN System Conductor, solid Conductor, stranded tions Definition Alternating current. On the electrical network the nominal frequency is 50 Hz After diversity maximum demand Galvanised steel wire or tape applied to a cable to provide mechanical protection. A compacted layer of sand or other similar material used to provide a smooth bed for the cable to be laid on. Also, the same material added to a defined depth and compacted after the cable is laid to provide a regulated surround for the cable free of stones, clay, organic material and satts. Aclay mixed with sand, cement and water and pumped into a duct to convert the installation into a direct buried one to improve the current rating of the cable. 1 An electrical connection between a metallic sheath and armour, or between a metallic sheath/armour and earth 2. A connection between the sheath/armour across a joint between two consecutive lengths of cable. 3. A connection between neutrals across a joint between two consecutive lengths of cable. 4. Generally, any temporary connection especially as used in safety earthing. ‘box in which service fuses are mounted for the connection of consumer's mains to a service cable. A steel box mounted at ground level on a steel frame foundation for the termination of low voltage mains cables and to enclose service fuses and other devices for control. Similar in principle to a turret (cf) but of greater capacity. One or two or more insulated cores laid up together with fillings, reinforcements and protective coverings. Acable used for control, protection and communication on the supply system. Used in the Hobart area only and is being phased out. Optical fibre cable is now being used for those purposes. The load current carrying part of a cable consisting of stranded aluminium or copper or of solid aluminium. This term includes neutral conductors. ‘An earthing system in which the LV MEN system is connected to the HV system earthing. This is used commonly in urban areas where there are numerous interconnected earth rods all meshed together over a wide area and an expected low resistance to earth can be obtained. See ‘Multiple Earth Neutral’ ‘A conductor extruded as one wire. A conductor made up of many single wires. Alternate layers of wire are laid up in opposing clockwise and anti-clockwise Page 5 of 68Distribution Design Standard - Underground System Conduit (Also ‘Pipe’ or ‘Duct’) CONSAC Consumer mains Consumer installation Core Cross-sectional area ByD DINS (Cable) Duct or conduit or pipe Earthed Earth conductor {Also ‘Ground Conductor’) Earthing (Also 'Grounding’) Easement Conduit Electric & Magnetic Fields Extra High Voltage Extra Low Voltage Ferro resonance directions. Apipe or closed passage formed underground or in a structure and intended to receive one or more cables that may be drawn through it. ‘A type of low voltage paper insulated aluminium conductor and concentric aluminium neutral sheathed cable, ‘Wiring complying with AS/NZ 3000 owned and maintained by the consumer connected from the service fuses or circuit breaker to the main switchboard of an installation. The electrical system owned and operated by an electricity consumer for the purpose of utilising electricity, normally contained within the consumer's premises. Of a cable. A conductor with its conductor screen (if any) and its insulation and insulation screen (if any) but not including belt papers or protective covering Of a conductor. The sum of the cross-sectional areas of the component wires of a stranded conductor or the cross-sectional area of a solid conductor. The material of the conductor must always be quoted. Dial Before You Dig. The process of requesting information of the underground infrastructure installed in a defined location, Double Insulated Neutral Screened. A cable insulated with pve having one, two or three cores with copper conductors, a neutral screen of copper wires over the cores and an overall sheath of pve, Used mainly for road lighting supply. A pipe or conduit laid underground in which a cable is to be laid, Also refers to a cable way with lids at ground level. A term describing the condition of ¢ conductor or other metallic part of a cable solidly bonded to the general mass of earth. The conductor joining earth electrodes to the metallic object being earthed. Also used to interconnect earth electrodes. The term may also refer to an overhead wire used for earth bonding or lightning protection. The process of connecting components of electricity supply networks to ground to prevent dangerous voltages occurring on components which may be contacted by persons or animals, or which may be damaged by the voltages. Usually applied to rods, metallic electrodes or a group of interconnected rods and the wire making connection to the distribution system, component that is ‘earthed’ Aright enjoyed by @ party with regard to the land of another party, the exercise of which interferes with normal rights of the owner or occupier of that land. Apipe installed underground in which a cable is to be laid. Electric fields (voltage dependent) and magnetic fields (current or load dependent) emitted by electric devices and networks. Voltages exceeding 66 000 volts (Tasmania only). A voltage not exceeding 50 volts AC or 120 volts DC A situation where electrical resonance occurs on a distribution system, typically arising when the distributed capacitance of an underground cable supplying a lightly loaded transformer Page 6 of 68Distribution Design Standard - Underground System Footpath alignment Footpath allocation Gland Heat Shrink High Voltage (KV) Insulation Isolator (Also ‘Ring Main Unit’) Joint Kiosk substation Lug, Compression Low Voltage (LV) Maximum Design Temperature Megger (Insulation resistance) equals or nearly equals the inductance of the transformer. The result is irregular wave shapes and voltages up to four times normal following single-phase switching. A distance relative to the edge of ¢ footpath (usually the property boundary side) used to describe the position of an underground service or pole. A space in the footpath between two alignments designated by the local or public authority in which a pole or underground service may be located A device which enables a cable to pass through a surface and Which maintains hermetic sealing of one side of the surface from the other. If the gland is insulated from the metal of the surface through which the cable passes itis known as an insulating gland, Polymeric insulating and stress control materials used in jointing and terminating cables of all types. A memory is established in the materials when manufactured so that the application of heat will cause them to shrink to a pre-set minimum diameter. Electrical potential in excess of 1000V. Can be referred to as Medium Voltage (MV) in distribution systems up to 66 kV. Those parts of a cable which serve to insulate the conductors from each other and earth A 3-phase ganged switch, used on overhead or underground systems. Equipment used to join two or more lengths of cable together. These assets have unique asset numbers. The substation equipment is indoor type, enclosed ina common ‘weather proof housing in which there is little or no working space or passageway. Provision may be made for individual items to be changed for others of different rating of design. Historically, @ kiosk substation was normally constructed on site from individual components. Kiosk substations are the normative nomenclature for distribution substation in the form. of a single complete assembly which is installed or replaced as a unit on a concrete foundation at ground level. Kiosk substations supersede the naming convention padmount substation ‘A component used to join a conductor to another conductor (or a bus-bar etc) outside of the cable as to switchgear or to an overhead line, Electrical potential in the range of 50 V to 1000 V AC or below 320V0C. The maximum temperature that conductors or cables reach under the influence of load current (excluding fault current) and ambient conditions. In the case of overhead lines, this includes the ambient temperature of the air and solar radiation. In the case of underground lines, this includes the thermal conductivity of the soil and conduits ‘Amanually, battery or motor operated instrument for measuring the insulation resistance of cables and other, equipment. To “megger” means to use such an instrument for Page 7 of 68Distribution Design Standard - Underground System MIND (Cable) Multiple earthed neutral system Optical fibre Phasing Pillar Pit Point of connection Polymers Pot Head Pot End Pulling Eye pvc Ring Main Unit (RMU) this purpose. Megger was the original name of the instruments, made by Evershed and Vignoles. The results of the measurements are megachms thus the term megger has become universal. Mass impregnated non-draining. A paper insulated cable in which paper tapes are applied during manufacture un- impregnated. The cable is then subsequently impregnated with a compound especially formulated so that it will not drain away if the cable is on a slope. All paper insulated cables for distribution work are now of this type. ‘Asystem in which the electricity authority's low voltage neutral conductor is connected to earths at points along its length, at the neutral terminal of distribution substations and to the earths of consumer's installations. A “cable” made up of a specially clad glass fibre, or several of them, protected overall with pvc sheathing used for communication and protection purposes by the transmission of signals using light as the carriers. The arrangement of jointing and terminating of cables so that the system phasing is correctly maintained when final connections are made. Colours and numbers on cable cores are not indicative of system phasing and are there for convenience of identification only ‘An enclosure mounted at ground level on a concrete base for the termination of low voltage cables, mains cables and to enclose service fuses and other devices for control. Similar in principle to a cabinet, but of greater capacity. Excavation accessing underground cables for installation, maintenance, jointing or repair. The position on a consumer's premises where the electricity authority's overhead service is electrically connected to the consumer's mains. In the case of underground services the ‘Point of Connection’ may be in the supply authority's underground connection point (turret, cabinet, pillar or pit) on the footpath, The formal name for plastics A cast iron box fitted to a multi-core cable in which the cores pass through porcelain bushings and enable the cable to be connected to an overhead line, transformer, switchgear etc. ‘These terminations are discontinued items for TasNetworks. ‘An underground insulated termination of a cable allowing the cable to be put into service at system voltage. 1. For paper cables, The end of a cable at which all conductors, metallic sheath and armour are plumbed to a metallic cap. A loop or ring attached to the cap is used to connect the winch wire for pulling the cable. 2. For XLPE cables refers ‘Stocking! Polyvinyl chloride. A commonly used synthetic plastic polymer. Electrical equipment switching high voltage feeders and protecting transformers. See also ‘isolator’. A RMU typically consists of a combination of isolator and circuit breakers. Page 8 of 68Distribution Design Standard - Underground System Screen (For cables 11kV and above) Sheath Sealed end Service cable Service fuse Service pillar/pit Site identifier For paper insulated cables: 1. Conductor screen. A layer of carbon loaded paper tape is applied immediately over the conductor. This provides smooth electrode to minimise electrical stress at the conductor/insulation inter-face. 2. Insulation screen. A layer of metallic tape sometimes inter- wound with @ carbon loaded paper tape is applied immediately over the core insulation. This ensures that the electric field is restricted to within the insulation and is always radial. Arranged to be in electrical contact with the metallic sheath for fault current carrying. Note. 11kV cables are usually belted, (see Belt) not screened For XLPE insulated cables: 1. Conductor screen. A layer of semi-conducting polymer is extruded immediately over the conductor to provide a smooth electrode for stress minimisation at the conductor/insulation interface. 2. Insulation screen. A layer of semi-conducting polymer is extruded immediately over the insulation to restrict the electrical stress to within the main core insulation. Augmented with copper wires for the purpose of carrying, fault currents. For paper insulated cables: An extruded layer of lead applied over the laid up cores of the cable. Provided for fault current return and to prevent the entry of moisture. For XLPE insulated cables: ‘A general use term for the layer of pvc or layers of pve and HDPE applied over the laid up cores of the cable. Its proper name is non-metallic sheath. Used as a barrier against moisture entry. The pve sheath of high voltage cables is always coloured red or orange. ‘A termination of a cable underground unsuitable for system voltage but arranged so that insulation resistance testing can be done if required. ‘A ccable owned and maintained by TasNetworks used to supply a consumer's premises or a group of consumers’ premises Protection between a service cable and consumer's mains (cf). Takes the form of a fuse up to 100 amps/phase or a circuit breaker above 100 amps/phase. TasNetworks owns these devices ‘An enclosure where underground supply to a customer's premises is connected to the secondary distribution network through a primary fuse. (Also see turret) The means by which a ‘Site’ is discretely identified, eg a pole number or distribution substation number. Identifiers vary Page 9 of 68Distribution Design Standard - Underground System Special location Spreader Stocking Stress relief Surge diverter (Also ‘Surge Arrester, ‘Lightoing Arrester’) Termination (Underground) {Also ‘Pothead’, ‘Cable End’) Transformer Turret Type test uGo uRD Voltage amongst supply authorities and are usually constructed according to a protocol. With regard to earthing, this is a ‘high risk’ area where electrical step and touch potentials need to be minimised. A special location may refer to school grounds, a children’s playground, within @ public swimming pool area, bus stop, at a popularly Used beach or water recreation area, or in a public thoroughfare within 100 metres of any of the above-named locations. ‘mechanical separator usually made of shaped wood used to temporarily hold direct buried cable cores apart while laying long runs and jointing is done A device made of flexible metal wire, attached over a cable at the end and used to pull the cable. Used when no pulling eve is available Precautions taken to reduce the electrical stress in joints and terminations at the area where the screen ends in paper insulated and XLPE insulated high voltage cables A device designed to protect apparatus (eg distribution transformers, UG cables) and lines from over voltages caused by lightning, switching transients or other similar disturbances. AH or LV cable end fitting or joint, where a cable terminates on a pole or plant item, Static apparatus that uses electromagnetic induction to transform alternating voltage and current in two or more windings at the same frequency but different voltage/current values. ‘Aplastic enclosure mounted on a PVC base, to house LV electrical reticulation for the termination of mains cables and enclosure of service fuses. Used mostly in URD Subdivisions Testing undertaken to demonstrate the capabilities/performance of a particular type of equipment. Underground to overhead transition Underground Residential Development System voltages are classified as: Extra High Voltage (EHV) ~ 66 000 volts and above (in Tasmania only). High voltage (HV) - Voltages exceeding 1000 volts and less than 66 000 volts. Low Voltage (LV) - Voltages below 1000 volts Page 10 of 68Distribution Design Standard - Underground System 1.4 Distribu ‘TasNetworks' distribution records are managed by the Asset Records groups. For the purposes of distribution design, the following applications are relevant: In asset records © Webmap ~ internal Geographic Information System (GIS) which combines a large number of TasNetworks’ distribution assets. The tool gets used to identify, track and plan distribution related work. From a design perspective, Webmap provides the designer with a street view superimposed with electrical reticulation assets. For further details refer to the Asset Records documentation. igure 1-Webmap view agen \ Page 11 of 68Distribution Design Standard - Underground System © Operational schematics — are schematic drawings of the electrical network which contain a more detail view of the distribution network interconnection for HV installations only. These drawings are divided into panels for the purposes of TasNetworks’ Operations centre daily functions. For further details refer to the Asset Records documentation. Figure 2 - Typical operational schematic - é J PANEL 46 iI L= = eee Single Line Diagrams ~ are site specific electrical schematics of both the HV and LV components. This information forms both a critical input to understand the existing infrastructure and a critical deliverable of the design. 1.5 Acts, Regulations and Standards 1.5.1 Acts and regulations Designers must consider and comply with any relevant legal or statutory requirements, which may include the following: © Aboriginal Relics Act 1975 © Electricity Supply Industry Act 1995; © Electricity Supply Industry (Tariff Customers) Regulations 2008; Workplace Health and Safety Act 2012 Workplace Health and Safety Code 2012 Workplace Health and Safety Regulations 2012 Occupational Licensing Act 2005 Environmental Management and Pollution Control Act 1994 Crown Lands Act 1976 Crown Lands Regulations 2001 Page 12 of 68Distribution Design Standard - Underground System ‘Environmental Management and Pollution Control (Controlled Waste Tracking) Regulations 2010 Environmental Management and Pollution Control (Waste Management) Regulations 2010 Forest Practices Act 1985 Forest Practices Regulations 2007 Historic Cultural Heritage Act 1995, Threatened Species Protection Act 1995 Nature Conservation Act 2002 Land Use Planning and Approvals Act 1993 National Parks and Reserves Management Act 2002, National Parks and Reserved Land Regulations 2009 State Policies and Projects Act 1993 State Policy on Water Quality Management 1997 Weed Management Act 1999 Wellington Park Act 1993, Electricity Industry Safety and Administration Act 1997 and Regulations 1989, Occupational Licensing (Electrical Work) Regulations 2008 ‘The Occupational Licencing Code of Practice 2013 Environment Protection and Biodiversity Conservation Act 1999, For further details on environmental law/regulations, refer to the Environment & Heritage Design and Construction Standard. Designers must comply with the Occupational Licencing Code of Practice 2013 (as amended or replaced), including compliance with: ‘+ AS 2067 (Substations and high voltage substations) AS/NZS 3000 (Wiring Rules) ‘AS/NZS 7000 any additional obligations imposed by AS 2067, AS/NZS 3000 and AS/NZS 7000 referring to further Australian Standards or documents, including any amendments or revisions of those Australian Standards or documents from time to time ‘The above information is a guide only. New designs must be compliant with all legislative requirements, relevant standards and guidelines. 1.5.2 Applicable Australian and international, standards and guides ‘These standards/guides are common standards to be used by the designer for the purposes of distribution design work. These lists are not exhaustive, and number references to standards within this document are for the convenience of the service provider. The current standards at the time of the project shall be used. ASISO.1000 The International system of units and its application AS/NZS 1026 Electric cables- impregnated paper insulated — up to and including 19/33 (36) kV AS/NZS 1125 Conductors in insulated electric cables (and flexible cords) AS 1319 Safety signs for the occupational environment AS/NZS 1429 Electric cables — polymeric insulated from 1.9/3.3 (3.6) kV up to and including 19/33, (36) kv AS1470 PVC pipes and fittings for pressure applications AS1931 High voltage testing techniques Page 13 of 68Distribution Design Standard - Underground System AS 1939, AS/NZS 2053 AS 2067 AS/NZS 2648 AS/NZS 2893, ‘AS/NZS 3000 ‘AS/NZS 3008 ASNZS 3500 bundled up to AS/NZS 3599 AS/NZS 3863, AS 3865, AS 3983, AS/NZS 4026 AS/NZS 4130 AS 4202 AS/NZS 4325, As 4702 AS 4799, boundaries AS/NZS 4805 AS/NZS 4961 AS 5601 AS 60270 HB101, HB102 IBC 60287 lee837 Degrees of protection provided by enclosures for electrical equipment Conduits and fittings for electrical installations Substation and high voltage installations exceeding 1 kV a.c Underground marking tape Electric cables ~ lead and lead alloy sheaths - composition Electrical Installations Wiring rules Electrical installations - Selection of cables Plumbing and drainageAS/NZS 3560 Electric cables — XLPE insulated ~ aerial 0.6/1 (1.2) kV Electric cables ~ polymeric insulated ~ aerial bundled - 6.35/11 (12) and 12.7/22 (24) kv Galvanised mild steel wire for armouring cables Calculation of the effects of short-circuit currents Metal drums for insulated electric cables (and bare conductors) Electric cables — for underground residential distribution systems tions Polyethylene (PE) pipes for pressure appli Insulating covers for electrical purposes ‘Compression and mechanical connectors for power cables Polymeric cable protection covers Installation of underground utility services (and pipelines) within railway Accessories for electric cables — Test requirements (1.9/3.3 (3.6) up to & incl 19/33 (36) kv Electric cables — polymeric insulated — for distribution and service applications (up to 0.6/1 (1.2) kV Gas Installations High voltage tests techniques — partial discharge measurements Co-ordination of power and telecommunications — Low frequency induction - Code of Practice Co-ordination of power and telecommunications — Low frequency induction — Application Guide Current capacity of cables Standard for Qualifying Permanent Connections Used in Substation Grounding Page 14 of 8