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BECE SCIENCE 1

The document outlines a science curriculum for junior high school, divided into five strands: Diversity of Matter, Cycles, Systems, Forces & Energy, and Humans & the Environment. Each strand includes various sub-strands covering topics such as properties of matter, life cycles of organisms, human body systems, energy forms, and environmental issues. It also provides guidance on past questions and marking schemes to aid in assessment and understanding of the material.

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27 views

BECE SCIENCE 1

The document outlines a science curriculum for junior high school, divided into five strands: Diversity of Matter, Cycles, Systems, Forces & Energy, and Humans & the Environment. Each strand includes various sub-strands covering topics such as properties of matter, life cycles of organisms, human body systems, energy forms, and environmental issues. It also provides guidance on past questions and marking schemes to aid in assessment and understanding of the material.

Uploaded by

aericleo
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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1.

STRAND 1: DIVERSITY OF MATTER


Sub-Strand 1: Materials

 Solids, liquids, gases – properties and classification


 Homogeneous and heterogeneous mixtures – solutions, suspensions, colloids
 Techniques for separating mixtures – filtration, evaporation, decantation, distillation,
chromatography
 Metals, non-metals, and noble gases – properties, uses, and arrangement in periodic
table
 Acids, bases, salts – basic characteristics and everyday examples

Sub-Strand 2: Living Cells

 Structure of plant and animal cells – cell organelles and functions


 Prokaryotic vs. eukaryotic cells – differences and examples
 Cell specialization – specialized cells in plants and animals (e.g. guard cells, nerve cells,
muscle cells)

2. STRAND 2: CYCLES
Sub-Strand 1: Earth Science

 Water cycle – evaporation, condensation, precipitation


 Carbon cycle – role of photosynthesis, respiration, decomposition
 Nitrogen cycle – nitrification, denitrification, ammonification

Sub-Strand 2: Life Cycle of Organisms

 Housefly life cycle – egg, larva, pupa, adult


 Mosquito life cycle – stages, control measures
 Grasshopper life cycle (incomplete metamorphosis vs. complete metamorphosis)

Sub-Strand 3: Crop Production

 Soil preparation, seed beds – raising different types of crops


 Plant nutrients – organic and inorganic fertilizers, methods of application
 Growth differences under various conditions (seed beds, soils, etc.)

Sub-Strand 4: Animal Production

 Types of domestic animals and uses


 Animal feeding and water needs
 Importance of feed at different growth stages (e.g. poultry, ruminants, monogastrics)
3. STRAND 3: SYSTEMS
Sub-Strand 1: The Human Body System

 Digestive system – parts (mouth, esophagus, stomach, intestines), digestion process


 Respiratory system – breathing, gaseous exchange, respiratory health issues
 Circulatory system – heart, blood vessels, blood components, blood pressure
 Teeth – types (incisors, canines, premolars, molars), functions, gum/teeth decay

Sub-Strand 2: The Solar System

 Inner and outer planets – properties, relative motions


 Sun, Earth, Moon interactions – day/night, eclipses, phases of the moon

Sub-Strand 3: Ecosystem

 Feeding relationships – food chains, food webs, trophic levels


 Components of ecosystems – producers, consumers, decomposers
 Balance in ecosystems – human impacts, conservation

Sub-Strand 4: Farming Systems

 Types of farming – mixed farming, crop rotation, organic farming, etc.


 Land use in farming – crops, animals, land combinations

4. STRAND 4: FORCES AND ENERGY


Sub-Strand 1: Energy

 Forms of energy – kinetic, potential, heat, light, sound


 Energy conversion and conservation – principle of conservation, everyday applications
 Renewable vs. non-renewable energy sources – solar, wind, fossil fuels, etc.
 Heat and temperature – differences, thermometer use, conduction/convection/radiation

Sub-Strand 2: Electricity and Electronics

 Basic electrical circuits – conductors, insulators, circuit components (bulb, switch,


battery)
 Current, voltage, resistance – simple Ohm’s law applications
 Electronic components – diode, LED, capacitor, resistor

Sub-Strand 3: Conversion and Conservation of Energy

 Practical examples – solar panels, generators, mechanical systems


 Energy efficiency – friction, machine efficiency, power rating

Sub-Strand 4: Force and Motion

 Types of forces – gravitational, magnetic, frictional


 Newton’s Laws of Motion – practical examples (cars, falling objects)
 Simple machines – levers, inclined planes, pulleys, wheel & axle
 Pressure – examples with liquids, gases, solids

Sub-Strand 5: Agricultural Tools

 Identification and handling – hoes, cutlass, rake, sickle, trowel


 Maintenance and safe usage – first aid, workshop safety

5. STRAND 5: HUMANS AND THE ENVIRONMENT


Sub-Strand 1: Waste Management

 Types of waste – biodegradable, non-biodegradable


 Proper waste disposal methods – recycling, composting, landfill, incineration
 Sanitation and public health – personal/environmental hygiene

Sub-Strand 2: Human Health

 Common communicable diseases – causes, symptoms, prevention (e.g. malaria,


cholera)
 Deficiency diseases – e.g. kwashiorkor, anaemia, scurvy
 Viral, bacterial infections – COVID-19, Ebola, H1N1, meningitis

Sub-Strand 3: Science and Industry

 Careers in science – roles of scientists, innovators


 Applying science in society – technology, innovation, problem-solving

Sub-Strand 4: Climate Change and Green Economy

 Greenhouse gases – CO₂, methane, effects on global warming


 Climate change impacts – flooding, droughts, rising sea levels
 Mitigation and adaptation – renewable energy, afforestation, sustainable agriculture

Sub-Strand 5: Understanding the Environment

 Types of landforms in Ghana – plateau, plain, valley, mountain


 Flora and fauna in different environments – survival mechanisms, adaptations
 Human activities affecting the environment – pollution, deforestation, mining
PAST QUESTIONS & SAMPLE QUESTIONS FOCUS
1. Objective/Multiple-Choice:
o Definitions of key concepts (e.g. surds in Math, but in Science: “Which sub-
atomic particles are in the nucleus?”)
o Quick calculations (like net force, speed, or probability in science contexts—
especially when mixing with math).
o True/false or best-answer questions about properties of materials, stages of life
cycles, or labelling parts of a diagram.
2. Structured/Short-Answer Questions:
o Labelling diagrams (e.g., cell parts, digestive system, circuits).
o Explaining processes (e.g., water cycle, carbon cycle).
o Interpreting data from charts, graphs, tables (like population census data, crop
yields, or experiment results).
3. Application to Real Life:
o Word problems linking science to everyday usage: for instance, how a magnet
exerts force on a metal object, or calculating energy efficiency in a simple
machine scenario.
o Disease prevention, waste disposal, and climate change questions: you may be
asked to suggest solutions or measures to reduce pollution or disease spread.
4. Marking Schemes (WAEC and 2024 Past/Practice Papers):
o Reward step-by-step correctness: if a question requires labelling, each correct
label = 1 mark (depending on the instructions).
o Explanations: partial credit for showing relevant steps, even if the final answer is
incomplete.
o Diagrams: neatness, correct orientation, and correct labelling are emphasized.
o For definitions or structured answers, key scientific terms and clarity are
important.

QUICK RECAP

 Curriculum (SCIENCE JHS) organizes your learning from B7–B9 into five strands:
Diversity of Matter, Cycles, Systems, Forces & Energy, and Humans & the Environment.
 Sample and Past Questions typically align with these strands and sub-strands, featuring
both theory and practical, real-life contexts.
 Marking Schemes focus on clarity, correctness of scientific terms, diagrams,
completeness of explanation, and sometimes numerical accuracy (where calculations are
involved).

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