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Chapter 1 Class 11

Geography is the study of the Earth's surface, environments, and human interactions, originating from the Greek words for Earth and description. It is divided into branches such as Physical Geography, Human Geography, and Biogeography, and integrates knowledge from various disciplines like economics and sociology. The study of geography employs systematic and regional approaches to understand spatial relationships and patterns.

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70 views2 pages

Chapter 1 Class 11

Geography is the study of the Earth's surface, environments, and human interactions, originating from the Greek words for Earth and description. It is divided into branches such as Physical Geography, Human Geography, and Biogeography, and integrates knowledge from various disciplines like economics and sociology. The study of geography employs systematic and regional approaches to understand spatial relationships and patterns.

Uploaded by

Anushka Pareek
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We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Chapter 1: Geography as a Discipline

What is Geography?

• Meaning: Study of the earth’s surface, places, environments, and how humans interact with
them.

• Greek origin: Geo (Earth) + Graphos (Description).

• Focuses on spatial relationships and patterns on Earth.

Branches of Geography:

Branch Focus

Physical Geography Natural features (landforms, climate, soils, flora & fauna)

Human Geography Human activities, cultures, economies, interactions

Biogeography Distribution of plants & animals

Environmental Geography Interaction between humans and environment

Geography and Other Disciplines:

Geography + Other Subject Forms

Economics Economic Geography

Sociology Social Geography

Political Science Political Geography

History Historical Geography

Biology Biogeography

Meteorology Climatology

Geology Geomorphology

Physical Geography

• Studies earth’s natural processes and features.

• Components:

o Geomorphology → Landforms
o Climatology → Climate

o Hydrology → Water bodies

o Soil Geography → Soil types and distribution

Importance of Geography

• Helps understand natural disasters, resource distribution, and environmental issues.

• Supports planning for sustainable development and disaster management.

• Facilitates global awareness and cultural sensitivity.

Geography as an Integrating Discipline

• Links natural sciences (e.g., physics, geology) and social sciences (e.g., economics, history).

• Bridges the gap between physical environment and human activities.

Approaches to Study Geography

Approach Focus

Systematic Approach Study based on specific topics like climate, landforms, etc. (theme-wise)

Regional Approach Study based on specific regions (area-wise)

Quick Summary:

• Geography = Study of Earth + Human interaction.

• Divided into Physical, Human, Biogeography, Environmental geography.

• Integrates knowledge from both natural and social sciences.

• Two main approaches: Systematic and Regional.

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