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What Is Azure SQL

Azure SQL is a cloud-based managed SQL Server database engine with solutions including Azure SQL Database, Azure SQL Managed Instance, and SQL Server on Azure VMs. Azure SQL Database is a scalable, intelligent service optimized for performance, while Azure SQL Managed Instance offers nearly all SQL Server features for cloud migrations. SQL Server on Azure VMs allows full control over SQL Server in the cloud, suitable for legacy applications and specific feature requirements.

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9 views

What Is Azure SQL

Azure SQL is a cloud-based managed SQL Server database engine with solutions including Azure SQL Database, Azure SQL Managed Instance, and SQL Server on Azure VMs. Azure SQL Database is a scalable, intelligent service optimized for performance, while Azure SQL Managed Instance offers nearly all SQL Server features for cloud migrations. SQL Server on Azure VMs allows full control over SQL Server in the cloud, suitable for legacy applications and specific feature requirements.

Uploaded by

subrat Sankhua
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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What Is Azure SQL?

Azure SQL defines Azure cloud-based managed, secure, and intelligent SQL Server database
engine. We have the following Azure SQL solutions for SQL Server.

• Azure SQL Database


• Azure SQL Managed Instance (MI)
• SQL Server on Azure VMs

Reading Material:

• https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/azure-sql/azure-sql-iaas-vs-paas-what-is-
overview
• Azure SQL Database vs SQL Server on Azure VMs

What is Azure SQL Database?


Azure SQL Database is an intelligent, scalable, managed relational database service for SQL
Server. It optimizes query performance, durability using AI-powered features. It supports
serverless compute architecture along with hyper scale storage for automatically scaling
resources on remand.

What is the primary difference between Azure


SQL Database and Azure SQL Managed Instance
(MI)?
Azure SQL Managed Instance (MI) offers fully managed SQL instances as a service. It provides
almost 100% SQL Server features and is suitable for most database migrations in the cloud. While
Azure SQL Database is a database as a service and does not includes all SQL Server features such
as SQL Server Agent, Database mail, PolyBase.

Reading Material:

• https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/azure-sql/managed-instance/sql-managed-
instance-paas-overview
• Check out the Azure SQL Managed Instance video from the Azure SQL video series

Explain SQL Server on Azure VM and its use


cases?
The SQL Server on Azure Virtual Machines (VM) enables users to deploy a full version of SQL
Server without managing the underlying infrastructure. There is no difference from the DBA
perspective in managing on-prem SQL Server and SQL Server on Azure VM, and the only
difference is that your virtual machine is now in Azure infrastructure cloud.

You should use the SQL Server on Azure VM in cases:

• If you need complete control of SQL Server similar to on-prem SQL instance.
• If you use features not supported by Azure SQL Database, Azure Managed instances.
• Legacy applications migrations to Azure
• Optimized for lift-and-shift cloud migrations
• Extending On-premises Environment to the Cloud
• Development and Test Environment

Reading Material:

• Azure SQL Database vs SQL Server on Azure VMs


• https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/azure-sql/virtual-machines/
• Video reference: https://channel9.msdn.com/Series/Azure-SQL-for-Beginners/SQL-
Server-on-Azure-VM-Overview-4-of-61

Explain different purchasing models for Azure


SQL Database?
Azure SQL has two purchasing models:

• Virtual core (vCore)-based purchasing model: The vCore purchasing model allows
users to select compute independently and storage resources in the provisioned compute
tier. It also provides a serverless tier that offers auto-scale compute resources based on a
defined compute range. It is suitable for users who require flexibility, control, and
transparency.
• Database transaction unit (DTU)-based purchasing model: In this model, Azure
provides bundles of compute and storage packages. The DTU model is suitable for users
who want simple, preconfigured resource options

Reading Material:

• DTU and vCore based models for Azure SQL Databases


• https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/azure-sql/database/resource-limits-vcore-single-
databases

Is it possible to stop Azure SQL Database while it


is not in use?
No, you cannot stop the Azure SQL Database whether it is actively used or not. However, in the
serverless computer tier, you can configure automatically pause and resume based on workload
activity. During the paused state, Azure does not charge for the compute resources.
Reading Material:

• Automatic Pause and Resume of an Azure SQL database


• Create a Serverless Azure SQL Database

What are different DTU-based service tiers?


The DTU offers Basic, Standard and Premium service tiers.

What is the default backup retention in the DTU


service tiers?
The maximum backup retention depends on the service tiers, and the basic has 7 days while the
standard, premium service tier offers 35 days backup retention period.

What is the maximum database size in the DTU


service tier?
The basic service tier supports a maximum of 2 GB database size, and the standard and premium
support 1 TB and 4 TB databases.

Reading Material:

• https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/azure-sql/database/service-tiers-dtu

What are different service tiers in vCore based


purchasing models?
The vCore purchasing model has General Purpose, Business Critical and Hyperscale service
tiers.

What is different storage available in General


Purpose, Business Critical and Hyperscale service
tiers?
• General-purpose: It uses remote storage and supports up to 4 TB space.
• Business-critical: It supports local SSD storage between 5 GB to 4 TB space.
• Hyperscale: It uses SSD storage for buffer pool cache and local data usage. It also uses
Azure remote storage for the long-term data store.
Reading Material:

• https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/azure-sql/database/service-tiers-sql-database-
vcore

Explain different connection policies for Azure


SQL Database?
Azure supports the following server’s connection policy setting:

• Redirect: The client establishes a connection directly to the node hosting the
database in the redirect policy. It reduces latency and improves throughput.
• Proxy: The proxy connection policy redirects connect through the Azure SQL
Database gateways. Therefore, it increases the latency and reduces throughput.
• Default: The default policy uses Redirect for all client connections originating inside
the Azure network and Proxy for all internet or outside Azure network traffic.

Reading Material:

• SQL Azure category

What will happen if the database space used


reaches the maximum data size limit?
Select, delete, drop, and truncate statements work fine if the database space reaches the
maximum limit. The client receives an error message for the insert or update statements.

What is a server or database firewall for


connecting to Azure SQL database?
To connect with Azure SQL Database, the client IP should be part of the Server or Database
firewall.

• Initially, it checks the database firewall and grants database level access if the firewall rule
permits.
• It checks for server firewall, and if firewall permits, the user gets Azure server access (all
databases).

Reading Material:

• SQL Azure category


What is automatic backup frequency for Azure
SQL Database?
Azure takes full database every week, differential backup every 12 to 24 hours and transaction log
backup every 5-10 minutes.

What is the Backup storage redundancy for Azure


SQL Database?
We can choose storage redundancy between locally redundant, zone-redundant, or geo-
redundant storage blobs. The default mode is geo-redundant storage.

Reading Material: Configure long-term backup retention for Azure SQL database

Can we have point-in-time recovery (PITR) for


Azure database backups?
Yes, by default, it supports up to 7 days of PITR recovery.

What is accelerated database recovery for Azure


SQL Database?
The Accelerated Database Recovery (ADR) feature redesigns the SQL Server database engine
recovery process for improving database availability, especially for long-running transactions. It
provides Instantaneous transaction rollback, Fast and consistent database recovery. By
default, it is enabled for the Azure database, and users cannot disable it.

Reading Material:

• Accelerated Database Recovery and Long Running Transactions with Transaction Log
Growth
• Accelerated Database Recovery; Instant Rollback and Database Recovery

How many replicas are maintained by Azure SQL


Database?
Three, Azure SQL maintains three replicas as primary and secondary replicas. If the primary
replica goes down, the secondary replica is promoted as primary.
Can we create SQL Server agent jobs in Azure
SQL?
No, it does not support SQL Server agent jobs directly. However, you can automate things using
the Azure functions or elastic jobs (preview).

What are different migration tools for migrating


to Azure SQL Database?
Azure recommends the use of Azure Migrate, Data Migration assistant or Azure database
migration service. You can use alternative tools such as transaction replication, Import Export
Service\BACPAC, Bulk copy, Azure Data Factory, SQL Data Sync.

You can refer to https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/azure-sql/migration-


guides/database/sql-server-to-sql-database-overview for migration tools comparison.

What happens when resource limits of Compute CPU are reached for Azure Databases?

If the Azure database compute CPU utilization reaches the threshold, you might notice latency in
query results or query timeouts. You might need to wait for resources for executing a query.

What action can you perform if the situation


depicted in question 21 occurs?
You can optimize queries to reduce CPU resource utilization of each query or upgrade the
compute size of the database.

What are the capabilities offered by Azure SQL Database for recovering from an outage?

Azure offers the following capabilities:

• Active geo-replication
• Auto failover group
• Geo-restore
• Zone-redundant databases

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