TRADE PROJECT

TITTLE: THE PROPOSED CONSTRUCTION OF A

TWO-STOREY COMMUNITY LIBRARY IN KLI BOYS
HIGH SCHOOL.
PRESENTER:
INDEX NUMBER:
INSTITUTION:
SUBMITTED TO: THE KENYA NATIONAL
EXAMINATION COUNCIL FOR THE PARTIAL
FULFILMENT FOR THE AWARD OF DIPLOMA IN
CIVIL ENGINEERING
DATE:
SERIES
PHONE NUMBER

1
DECLARATION
I declare that this project is my original work and it has never been submitted to any body of
examination based on my knowledge.

Name:

Sign: ………………………………………..

Date: ………………………………………..

This trade project is submitted with the approval of the supervisor.

Supervisor:

Sign: …………………………………………

Date: …………………………………………

ii
DEDICATION
I dedicate this trade project to my beloved parents Sarah Simiyu and Johnstone Simiyu for their
full back-up through my entire project. May the almighty God bless them.

iii
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
My sincere thanks and gratefulness goes back to the Almighty God for granting me this
opportunity to complete the project successfully. I would like to give special thanks to my
parents, Johnstone Simiyu and Sarah Simiyu who have been my great source of assistance
through financing in printing of the project. I also greatly appreciate my supervisor Mr.
Wanyonyi Felix for his guidance and support in ensuring that the project has been completed.
May the Almighty God bless them all.

iv
ABSTRACT
The proposed construction of a two storey library is to be located in Kli town. It is to be located
in Kli to create job opportunities to people around the town. It is majorly to boost the learning
regime in this region in order to uplift good environment for all pupils, student, teachers and the
villagers so that knowledge is enforced and advanced in education. This library is to be located
near Kimlili police station where security is maintained in accordance with the rules and
regulations to be governed. The structural drawings of this project is to include the elevations
sections and plan and are to be drawned and designed so well. All the surveying details were
given after a proper chaining procedure was undertaken. There should be leveling to enable good
landscaping. Soil samples were taken to the laboratory for testing and the results showed that the
soil is correct to carry the load of the proposed project. The challenges I experienced while
surveying weather conditions including rain. I also experienced difficulty in acquiring the
equipment because they are expensive.

v
TABLE OF CONTENT

Contents
DECLARATION..............................................................................................................................................2
DEDICATION................................................................................................................................................3
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT.................................................................................................................................4
ABSTRACT....................................................................................................................................................5
TABLE OF CONTENT.....................................................................................................................................6
ABREVIATIONS.............................................................................................................................................8
CHAPTER ONE..............................................................................................................................................9
INTRODUCTION.......................................................................................................................................9
CHAPTER TWO...........................................................................................................................................10
LITERATURE REVIEWS............................................................................................................................10
CHAPTER THREE........................................................................................................................................11
3.1 SURVEYING WORK...........................................................................................................................11
INTRODUCTION.................................................................................................................................11
RECONNAISSANCE.............................................................................................................................11
EQUIPMENTS AND TOOLS FOR SURVEYING.......................................................................................11
3.2 SOIL INVESTIGATION........................................................................................................................13
CHAPTER FOUR..........................................................................................................................................14
4.0 FINDINGS, DATA ANALYSIS, CONCLUSSION AND RECOMMENDATION REFERENCES......................14
4.1 FINDINGS.........................................................................................................................................14
4.2 DATA ANALYSIS................................................................................................................................14
4.3 SUMMARY, CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION......................................................................14
4.3.1 SUMMARY................................................................................................................................14
4.3.2 RECOMMENDATION.................................................................................................................15
4.3.3 CONCLUSION............................................................................................................................15
CHAPTER FIVE............................................................................................................................................16
5.0 OPERATIONAL COST........................................................................................................................16
5.1 PRODUCTION FACILITIES AND CAPACITIES......................................................................................16

vi
 OPERATIONAL FACILITIES..................................................................................................................16
5.1.1 FIRM LAYOUT............................................................................................................................16
5.2 PRODUCTION STRATEGY..................................................................................................................17
5.3 MATERIAL AND EQUIPMENT REQUIREMENT..................................................................................17
5.4 PRODUCTION PROCESS....................................................................................................................17
5.5 PRODUCTION AFFECTING OPERATION............................................................................................17
5.5.1 HEALTH REGULATION...............................................................................................................17
5.5.2 ENVIRONMENTAL REGULATION...............................................................................................18
5.5.3 SAFETY......................................................................................................................................18

vii
ABREVIATIONS
DPM – Dump proof membrane
DPC – Dump proof course
Exc – Excavation
Veg – Vegetation
R.L – Reduced level
L – Length
W – Width force
E.O – Extra – over works
Fdn – Foundation
F.S – Foresight
B.S – Back sight
I.S – Intermediate sight
C/S – Cement sand
B/S – British standard
D – Depth
B – Breadth
H/C – Hardcore
Y – High steel yielded
Vrc – Vibrated reinforced concrete
Ddt – Deduct
P/S – Plunking and strutting
FWK – Formwork
N.E – Not exceeding
RFS – Remove from site
T&G – Tongue and groove
Drg – Drawing
S.E – Structural engineer
C/C – Centre to centre
Arch – Architect
VP – Vent pipe
BQ – Bill of quantities

viii
EXECUTIVE SUMMERY

CHAPTER ONE

The business is to be owned by Rael Simiyu a student at Matili technical Training Institute and is
to be located in Kli Town. The name of the business is to be MALI SAFI HARDWARE. The
form of the business is to be sole proprietorship. Mali Safi hardware is to be under construction
industry.

CHAPTER TWO

Mali safi hardware customers are to be wholesalers, individuals, hospitals, churches and
institutions. Items to be sold are to be of affordable price accompanied by delivery services.

CHAPTER THREE

Mali Safi Hardware Management structure is to comprise human resource finance and marketing
manager. the team is to be employed through advertisement of vacant positions and others from
firms newly employed are to undergo training. Promotion is to be done for employees basing on
three academic qualifications and work experiences. Mali Safi hardware is to adhere to by-laws
and is to have permit and license.

CHAPTER FOUR

Production facilities are to be packing offices, stores, lorries, electricity, WI-FI, weighing
machine, wheelbarrows, hacksaws, ripsaw and computers.

The above facilities are to be undergoing repair and maintenance.

CHAPTER FIVE

This chapter explains one financial aspects of the business as it states their pre operational costs,
working capita requirements, proforma income statement, proforma balance sheet, projected
cash flow statement, desired financing, proposed capitalization and the expected profitability

9
CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
The proposed construction project is to be owned by Rael Simiyu currently a student at Matili
Technical Training Institute taking a Diploma in Civil Engineering and is to complete the course
in July 2024. The aim of this project is to ensure maximum reading in order to enable jobless
people get employed as Librarians, security guards or computer technicians. The Library is to
demolish illiteracy among people of Kli town.

10
CHAPTER TWO
LITERATURE REVIEWS
The existing project in Kli has only stairs without ramp where people with disability cannot be
freely in acquiring learning materials. The floors are of screed floor finishes and plastering. It has
no back up power and it has less equipment like chairs and tables, inadequate security, no
celling, low standards toilets and a very small parking space.

The proposed project is a modern library consisting of a well build stairs with ramp to aid the
disabled access the learning materials at ease. It is to have enough lighting and a backup of an
automatic generator. The proposed project is to have floor tiles of uniformity and a modernized
ceiling making the hall look brighter, more library recommended tables and chairs are to be used
to avoid congestion while in the library. The proposed project is to ensure enough parking and
enough security of cameras to control theft. Enough computers WIFI and power outlets are to be
ensured for users. Finally, it is to have modern toilets for gents and ladies to enable free
environment and conducive to all while studying.

11
CHAPTER THREE
3.1 SURVEYING WORK
INTRODUCTION
Surveying is the study of the process of establishing points on parts of the earth surface in
relation to altitude and bearing.

RECONNAISSANCE
Is the determination of shape, size and nature of the field and its boundary.

EQUIPMENTS AND TOOLS FOR SURVEYING

Pegs
Staff leveling staff
Dumpy level
Theodolite
Measuring tape

LEVELLING
Is the process of determining the relative heights of points or objects on above or below the earth
surface.
During leveling, several terms are used for booking and recording
Reduced level – is the vertical distance of a point above or below the datum line.
Datum surface/line – is an imaginary level surface/level line from which the vertical distances
of different points are measured.
Foresight reading – it is the last staff reading in any set up of an instrument and it indicates the
shifting of the latter.
Backsight reading – is the first staff reading taken in any set up of an instrument after the
leveling has been done perfectly.
Intermediate sight – is any other staff reading apart from the foresight and backsight in the same
set found in between.

During leveling process on the ground, the details of the site are given by the area engineer then
the surveyor takes the reading before it is excavated. The readings are to show the cut and fill
information upto the formation level. Excavation was set upto 0.6M from the original ground
level to the formation.

12
Backsight Intermediate Foresight Height of Reduced level Remarks
sight instrument
1.125 101.125 1000.00
3.260 97.865
2.755 98.370
1.660 1.765 101.020 99.360 CP1
0.340 100.680
0.795 100.225
0.860 100.160
1.350 2.570 99.809 98.450 CP2
1.455 98.345
1.876 97.924
3.765 96.035

CONTOURING
Is the determination of various points on the ground and fixing the points of same horizontal
positions in the contour map. This was done using height of collimation method, reduced level
were established at each point at the bench mark.

Tools used
Automatic level
Tripod stand
Level rod

Drainage
Is the ability of water flowing from the site to reduce flooding on site. On this site, the drainage
is to be constructed on side of the proposed of two storey community library building at a width
1.4m. The floor of water on the inverts of the drainage are determined by dividing a vertical
distance from horizontal distance and multiply the figure by 100 to show flow percent which
should not be less than 0.4% on a slope.

13
3.2 SOIL INVESTIGATION
Various tests on soil are conducted to decide the quality of soil for building construction. Soil
test for construction of building or any structure is among the first step in construction. The
sample for test are obtained randomly from various points in the site.
The test carried out are:
Proctor compaction were carried out to determine the relationship of moisture content and
density of material. Sieve analysis was done to determine the distribution of aggregate particle
by size within a given sample.

Dewatering
Is the process of removal of water from the site by means of pumping it out using fuel mortar
which is connected with pipes where there is stagnant water on trenches or any place which is to
be used so that work can be done.

Topography of the site

Kli town is located in Bungoma county in the western region of Kenya. It is 1000ft above sea
level. It has a steep slope and the drainage consequently follows the slope and comprises many
streams giving rise to parallel bridges which get broader as the stream converge.

14
 Lounge Kitchen Lab

Areas of Gate B
convenience

Hut

Foreman’s
office
Aggregates Carpentry

Borehole
Store

Material
engineer’s Masonry unit Steel fixing
office

Resident
engineers
office
yard

Fire assembly point

offices Car park

Gateman’s
Gate A
office

Sign
board

15
16
 300 2200 300 2700 300 4300 300 7400 300

300

2500 300

300 Men’s’ library

1200 Office 8400

300

2900

Discussion room 300

300

2900

Children’s library 9000

300 Women’s library

7000 300

300 1500

1500 300

300

300 5200 300 4300 300 7400 300

17
 150mm thick conc. slab

Foundation wall BRC MESH. 500 GAUGE dpm

50mm murram binding

300mm hardcore

200mm conc. base

50mm conc. blinding

600

18
 N COLUMN

N COLUMN

SQUARING
SAVARING
DIMENSIO

DIMENSIO
TIMESING

TIMESING
COLUMN

COLUMN

COLUMN

COLUMN
DESCRIPTION COLUMN DESCRIPTION
CHECKLIST COLUMN
1. Site clearance
2. Top soil excavation Clear the site off all
3. Trench excavation bushes, shrubs and
4. Column base excavation likes by grubbing
5. ITEMS: - Dewatering up their roots
- Plunking and &
strutting 20.10 Excavate 150mm
6. Foundation blinding thick top vegetable
7. Column base concreting soil and dispose as
8. Form work to column 18.10 directed
base
9. Reinforcement
10. Vibrated reinforced 363.81
concrete
11. Foundation walling
12. Hardcore filling
13. Murram blinding
14. Antiternite treatment Trench excavation
15. DPM External meangirth
16. BRC L18100/2 36200
17. Formwork L20100/2 40200
18. Floor slab 76400
I. Site clearance Less 4 corners
L W 4/300
300 300 75200
2200 8400 Internal meangirth
300 300 20100-
2700 9000 600=19500/2
4300 300 = 39000
300 500 7400+300=7700/2
7400 300 =15400
300 5200+300 =5500/5
18100 20100 =27500
4300+300=4600
= 4600
2500+300= 2800
=89300
Total meangirth
75200
89300
164500

164.50

0.70

Excavate for
1.35 trenches not
exceeding 1.5 deep

155.45

19
Timesin Dimension Squarin DESCRIPTION COLUMN 14 DESCRIPTION COLUMN
g column column g Excavate for column V.R.C
column
base exceeding 1.5 but Vibrated reinforced concrete
not exceeding 3.0 deep ratio 1:2:4 to columns
14 0.30

0.70 0.30

0.70 1.45

0.50 1.83

Foundation walling
3.43 300mm thick natural stone
masonry wall bedded and
jointed in cement and sand
ITEM 164.50
Dewatering motor 1:3

1.15

Plunking and strutting

ITEM 189.18

164.50

0.70 14
Foundation blinding
Plain concrete ratio Ddt
0.20 1:3:6 foundation 0.30 Ditto
blinding

23.63 1.15

4.83
Column base
concreting
14 Ditto but to column
base Hardcorenfilling
300mm thick hardcore filling in
0.50 17.50 layers well compacted to make level
&
50mm thick murram blinding
0.50 19.50 &
Antitermite treatment

0.20 341.25

20
 0.70 Ddt
Ditto
14 Formwork 89.30 &
Sawn formwork to Ditto
sides of column 225- &
9.20 0.30 Ditto
300mm

128.80 26.79
Reinforcement

14
2.3x4 = 9.20
12mm Ø
9.20 reinforcement bars to 18.10
D.P.M
columns 500 gauge polythene sheeting
damp proof membrane
128.80 20.10 &
BRC Mesh wire
14 2.0/0.2 = 12 363.81
12x1350=15.525
Ditto but 8mm Ø
15.33

217.35

21
22
 N COLUMN

N COLUMN
SQUARING

SQUARING
DIMENSIO

DIMENSIO
TIMESING
TIMESING

COLUMN

COLUMN

COLUMN
COLUMN

DESCRIPTION COLUMN

FORM WORK WALLING

75mm to 150mm Openings
75.20 sawn formwork to D1 – 1.2X2.5 =2
edges of floor slab D2 – 2.50X2.5 =12
W1 – 1.2X1.5 =27
75.20 W2 – 0.1X0.1 = 6
OP – 1.5X2.5 =6

18.10 3

FLOOR SLAB 300mm thick natural

20.10 Plain initu concrete 164.50 stone masonry wall
ratio 1:2:4 to floor bedded and jointed in
slab cement sand motor
0.15 2.80 1:3 with hoop two
alternate courses.

54.57 1381.8

12

SUPERSTRUCTURE
1.20
Ground, first and Ddt
second floor
Checklist 2.50
1. DPC
2. Walling
3. Columns – 36.00
formwork
- Reinforc 12
e
- V.R.C
4. Beams – 2.50
formwork
- Reinforc
2.50
e
- V.R.C
164.50 - D.P.M 75.00
D.P.C
Damp proof course Ditto
164.50 27

23
 1.20

1.50

48.60

6 0.10

0.10

0.06

6 0.10

0.10

0.06

1.50

2.50

2.50

24
25
 Dimension

Dimension
Timesing

Timesing
Squaring

Squaring
column

column

column

column

column

column
DESCRIPTION COLUMN DESCRIPTION
COLUMN COLUMN

FORM WORK
REINFORCEMENT BARS
42 3 164.5x4 =658
12mm Ø reinforcement
bars to beams
2.80 658.00
1.2
164.5/0.2 = 8.225
0.3 822.5x1350 = 1110375
1.20 1974.00
2.8
Sawn formwork to
141.12 sides of columns 3
Ditto but 8mm Ø
1110.38

3331.12

V.R.C
3
Vibrated reinforced
Reinforcements concrete to beans
2.8x4 =11.2 ratio 1:2:4
16450
2mm Ø
reinforcement bars
42 to columns 0.30
2.8/0.2 =14
14x1350 = 18900
11.2 0.30

470.40 44.42

Ditto but 8mm Ø

42

18.90

SUSPENDED SLAB
793.8 2 FORMWORK
Sawn formwork to
V.R.C soffits of suspended
42 0.30 Vibrated reinforced 17.50
slab
concrete to columns
0.30
ratio 1:2:4 19.50

26
 2.80 682.50

10.58

Beams
Formwork

0.9

164.50

89.30

3 Sawn formwork to 0.30

sides and soffits of Ddt
the beams Ditto
164.50 53.58

0.90

444.15

27
28
 N COLUMN

N COLUMN
SQUARING

SQUARING
DIMENSIO

DIMENSIO
TIMESING

TIMESING
COLUMN

COLUMN

COLUMN

COLUMN
DESCRIPTION COLUMN 1. FORMWORK
REINFORCEMENT BARS
18100/300
61X (201000+2000)
1348100
20100/300 =67 1350 W
67X (18100+2000) 150X9
2/ 1346700+11348100
4/
2694.800 250X8=200
12mm Ø reinforcement
2694.80 bars to suspended slabs 2.41 13502+20002= W2
W=2412.99

5387.60 1.50 Sawn formwork to

soffits of staircase
V.R.C waist
2/ 14.46
Vibrated reinforced
concrete 1:2:4 to
18.10 suspended slabs 36/

20.10 1.50 75-150mm sawn

formwork to edges
0.15 54.00 of risers

109.14 2/

D.P.M
2/ 3.20
500 gauge polythene 75-150mm sawn
sheeting damp proof formwork to edges
18.10 membrane 1.00 of risers

20.10 6.40

727.67

Sawn formwork to
soffits of landing
2/

3.20

29
STAIRCASE
1.00
CHECKLIST
1. Formwork
– waist 6.40
– steps
- Landing
2. D.P.M 8
3. Reinforcement 225-300mm
4. Concrete formwork to edges
2.41
- Waist of steps
- Steps
- Landing 19.28
5. Balustrats
6. Finishes
4
DPM
500 gauge DPM as
2.41 polythene sheeting
to stauircase waist

1.30

14.46

Ditto but to landing

3.20

1.00

6.40

30
 DESCRIPTION COLUMN DESCRIPTION COLUMN
COLUMN
TIMESING

DIMENSION

DIMENSION
Reinforcement bars

SQUARING

SQUARING
TIMESING
COLUMN

COLUMN

COLUMN

COLUMN
24.2.99/3000 =9

COLUM
9x(1500+900)
=21600x2=43200
1500/300=5
2
5x(2412.99+900) Ditto but to landing
3.20
16564.95x2
1.10
=33129.9
0.15
0.96
LANDING
1200/300=4 18 Ditto but to steps
4X(3200+900) 0.25
=16400 0.15
1.50
3200/300=11 1.01
11X1200=13200 4 Blustered
2.41 1.5 SHS top and bottom
TOTAL = 29600.0 9.64
76329.9 48
1.20 Ditto but verbal rails
12mm Ø reinforcement bars 57.60
2 to stair case waist
76.33 4
152.66 2.41 Staircase finishes
2 1.50 25mm thick sand cement plaster
29.60 Ditto but to landing 14.46 1:3 to soffits of staircase waist
59.20 8
2.41
4 Concrete 0.15 Ditto but to edges of staircase
2.41 Vibrated reinforcement 2.89
1.50 concrete ration ½ = 4 to 36
0.15 staircase waist 1.50 Ditto but to risers
2.17 54.00
36
Ditto but to treads
0.25
9.00
2
3.20
Ditto but to landing
1.00
6.40

31
 DESCRIPTION COLUMN Description column
DIMENSION FINISHES

DIMENSION
SQUARING

SQUARING
FLOOR FINISHES
TIMESING

TIMESING
COLUMN

COLUMN

COLUMN

COLUMN

COLUMN

COLUMN
25mm thick cement sand
3 screed with wood float finish 3
100x20mm skirting
17.50 & 253.80
Ceramic floor tiles
19.50 761.40
1023.78
Jamps and revel
3 Ddt (1.2x4)+(2.5x8)+(2.5x4)+
89.30 Ditto (2.5x8)+(1.2x18)+(1.5x18)+
0.30 & (0.1x4)+(0.1x4)+(1.5x2)+
Ditto (2.5x4)
80.37
4.8+20+10+20+21.60+27+0.8
Internal finishes +3+10
Inter mg =893000x2
3 = 178600+75200 3
= 253800 = 117.2
253.80 25mm thick plaster to wall
117.2
Jamps and reveals
2.80 internally 1:2:6 351.60
2131.92 3
12 0.30 External finishes
25mm thick cement sand plaster
1.20 Ddt 2.80
1:3 to columns external
2.50 35.25
36.00 3
12 25 thick plaster to wall
164.5
Ditto but to beams externally.
2.50 internally 1:2:6 0.30
2.50 148.05
75.00
27 Jambs and reveals
2.5+(2.5x2)+(1.2x18)+(1.5x18)+
1.20 (0.1x4)+(0.1x4)
1.50 2.5+5+21.6+27+0.8
48.60 3 =61.9
6 61.90
Jumps and reveals externally
0.10 185.70
0.10 3
0.06 75.20
Keying and pointing
2.80
6 631.68
1.50 Keying and pointing externally
2.50

22.50

32
 DESCRIPTION COLUMN

DIMENSION

DIMENSION
SQUARING

SQUARING
DESCRIPTION COLUMN ROOF STRUCTURE ALL
TIMESING

TIMESING
COLUMN

COLUMN

COLUMN

COLUMN

COLUMN

COLUMN
PROVISIONAL
CHECKLIST
1. Wall plate
3 2. Tie beans
0.30 Keying and pointing 3. King posts
2.80 externally 4. Rafters
35.28 5. Ties and struts
3 6. Purlins
164.50 7. Ridge boards
0.30 8. Hip boards
148.05 9. Fascia boards
3 10. Badge boards
2.50
2.50 II. WALL PLATE
36.00 2.0100/2=40200
18100/2 = 36200
27
=76400
1.20
19500/2 = 369000
1.50
= 115400
75.00
150x50mm sawn and
6
treated cyprus wall plate
0.10 115.40
0.10 115.40
0.06 TIE BEAMS
12 Doors
1.20
2.50 Steel casement doors
36.00
27
1.20 Window 18100 14100
1.20 6000/2000 = 3
48.66 = 3X18100 =54300
6 18100/2000=10
0.10 =10X14100 =141000
0.10 Steel metal window TOTAL 54300+141000
0.06 =195300

33
 DESCRIPTION COLUMN DESCRIPTION

DIMENSIONA
FASCIA BOARDS COLUMN
DIMENSION

SQUARING

SQUARING
L COLUMN
TIMESING

TIMESING
20100X2 =40200 Rain water goods
COLUMN

COLUMN

COLUMN

COLUMN

COLUMN
20100/2 =40200
18100/2 =36200
200mmx25mm sawn and = 76400
40.20 treated Cyprus fascia board
40.20 76.40 PVC gutters
76.40
Barge boards
18100x2=36200 4.00 Stop ends Ø 140mm
200mmx25mm sawn and 4.00
36.20 treated Cyprus barge boards
36.20 Stop ends with
ROOF COVER 4.00 running outlet
6000 4.00

5225.12 5225.12 4.00 Downpipe offset

4.00 bends 110mm Ø
20100
s18100 8.60 Down pipe bend
8.60 110mm Ø
91/2x(2100+6000)x5225.12)x2
=26100x5225.112
=136375663 Plastic downpipe
(1/2X18100X5225.12)X12 33.60 110
=94574672 Ø
33.60
TOTAL =108212235/1000000
=108.21
Down pipe clips
40.00
GTI gauge 28 box profile iron 110mm Ø
108.21 40.00
sheets
108.21 Down pipe shoe
6.00 Bridge cap 4.00 110mm Ø
6.00 28 gauge ridge cap 4.00
41.80
Hip cap
41.80 28gauge hip cap

34
 DESCRIPTION COLUMN DESCRIPTION COLUMN
STRUTS
DIMENSION

DIMENSION
SQUARING

SQUARING
TIMESING

TIMESING
COLUMN

COLUMN

COLUMN

COLUMN

COLUMN

COLUMN
3918.84

195.30 150mmx50mm sawn and

195.30 treated Cyprus the beams

KING POSTS
3020
Gamble
20100/2000=11 39.18.842+30202= 5
600 300c
9050
9050 = x =4947.50X3/4=3710.62
Sin 90 sin 30 ++=8658.12
5225.12x11 = 57475.2 Total ties and struts
8658.12+6857.97
15516.09x2x10
150mmx50mm sawn and =310321.83
57.48 treated Cyprus king posts
57.48 100x50mm and treated
310.32 Cyprus ties and struts
Rafters 310.32
x Purlins
522.12 10450.44/1000
0.345 =10 purlins
9050 20100x10x2 =402000

X= 5225.122+90502
X=10450.09+0.346x2x1.0 75mmx50mm sawn and
= 209008.72 402.00 treated Cyprus purlins.

150mmx50mm sawn and

402.00
209.01 treated Cyprus rafters Ridge boards
209.01
6000x2=12000
Ties and struts 75mmx50mm sawn and
12.00 treated Cyprus ridge boards.
5225.12 12.00
83.60
Hip board
9050 10450.44x2x4
Ties =83603.2
3/4x5225.12=3918.84
3918.84x3/4 75mmx50mm sawn and
=2939.13 83.60 treated Cyprus hip boards
Ti=6857.97

35
ITEM DESCRIPTION UNIT QTY RATE AMOUNT
NO ELEMENT NO 1
SUSTRUCTURE (All provisional)
A Clear site of bushes, shrubs and undergrowth and SM 365 80.00 29200.00
dispose as directed
B Excavation of vegetable soil to 150mm deep and SM 365 100.00 36500.00
disposal as directed.
C Excavate for strip foundation trench CM 156 100.00 36500.00
D Ditto; columns bases CM 4 345.00 1380.00
E Dispose material from site CM 58 350.00 20300.00
F Return fill and ram approved excavated materials from CM 112 190.00 21280.00
site as directed.
G Disposal of water from all excavation ITEM 1 10000.00 10000.00
H Plunking and strutting ITEM 1 10.00 10000.00
J Hardware filling of 300mm thick CM 315 1500.00 472,500.00
K 50mm thick murram blinding SM 315 150.00 47250.00
L 100mm gauge polythene damp proof membrane laid SM 364 150.00 54600.00
on blinded hardcore
M Insecticide treatment. Apply “gladiator HTC” to SM 315 250.00 78,750.00
murram dust surfaces and foundation walls.
835580.00
CONCRETE WORK
A 50mm thick insitu concrete mix (1:4:8) under strip SM 24 500.00 12,000.00
foundation walls
B Ditto: under column bases CM 1 12,650.00 12,650.00
C Vibrated concrete in column base CM 4 12650.00 50600.00
D Vibrated concrete in floor slab bed SM 364 1265.00 460460.00
E BRC Mesh type reinforcement A142 SM 364 490.00 178360.00
F Sawn formwork to column base SM 129 450.00 58050.00
G Ditto to edges of floor slab over 75mm but not IM 76 120.00 9120.00
exceeding 150mm
781,240.00
H High yield steel 12mm diameter kg 115 160.00 18400.00
I High yield steel 8mm diameter kg 86 160.00 13760.00
J Natural stone walling bedded and jointed in motor mix SM 185 1800.00 333000.00
(1:3) 200mm thick
K 15mm thick cement sand (1:3) rendering wood floor SM 38 330.00 13300.00
finish to plinth wall externally
L Applying three coats of black bituminous paint on SM 38 330.00 13300.00
rendering plinth externally
COLLECTION
A 8 835580.00
B 781240.00
C 391760.00
Total element no 1 Substructure to carried to section
summery

36
ITEM DESCRIPTION
NO ELEMENT NO 2
REINFORCED CONCRETE FRAME
A Beams CM 45 12850.00 569250.00
B Columns CM 12 12650.00 151800.00
C 150mm suspended slab reinforcement (personal) bars: SM 110 12650.00 1391500.00
high yield steel: cool worked to B5 4461 including
bends, hooks, tying wire
D 12mm diameter kg 9351 160.00 1496160.00
E 8mm diameter sawn formwork to insitu concrete as
described
F To sides and soffits of beams SM 444 500.00 222000.00
G Verbal sided of columns SM 144 500.00 72000.00
H To soffits of suspended slab SM 945 500.00 472500.00
I Edges of suspended slab SM 228 120.00 27360.00
ELEMENT NO 3
Staircase and staircase finishes
A Staircase treads, risers, waist, 150mm suspended CM 22 12650.00 2778300.00
landing
B Assorted reinforcement (8-12mm Ø bars) KG 66 160.00 10560.00
C Sawn formwork to slopping soffit, staircase, horizontal SM 26 500.00 13000.00
soffits, edges of risers and sides of staircase
D Mortar on concrete for trowelled bed on landing, SM 124 350.00 43400.00
treads riser and wide waist
FINISHING ON STAIRS
A Horizontal soffits for landing and slopping soffits SM 20 350 7000.00
B Plastering soffits on landing and staircase SM 20 380.00 7600.00
C Railing and balustrading LM 86 380.00 32680.00
47280.00
ELEMENT NO 4
Walling
A 200MM THICK MASONRY WALLING JOINTED ON sm 1200 1800.00 2160,000.00
MORTOR (1:3)
B Damp roof course (mastic asphalt) LM 495 150.00 74250.00
2234250.00
ELEMENT NO 5
Floor finishes
A 32mm thick paving ditto to receive non slip ceramic SM 945 350.00 330750
floor tiles (m/s)
B 300x300x12mm thick non slip ceramic floor tiles fixed LM 945 1800.00 1701000
on screed
C 20x100mm skirting LM 762 180.00 137160
WALL FINISHES
D Surface of RC beam and walls externally SM 186 350.00 65100.00
E Ditto jambs and reveals LM 186 45.00 8370.00
F Keying-horizontal key and verbal flush pointing in SM 600 200.00 120000.00
mortar (1:3)
G Plastering surfaces: externally SM 186 350.00 65100.00
H Jamps and reveals: externally LM 186 45.00 8370.00
2435850.00

37
ITE DESCRIPTION UNIT QTY RATE AMOUNT
M INTERNAL WALL FINISHES
NO
A Surfaces of walls, internally SM 1932 350.00 676200.00
B Ditto, jambs and reveals LM 354 45.00 15930.00
C Painting the plastered wall surface including beams SM 1932 350.00 676200.00
D Ditto; jambs and reveals LM 354 45.00 15930.00
1384260.00
Ceilings and soffits finishes
A Plaster soffits of suspended slab with two coat time SM 630 350.00 320500.00
B Apply one undercoat and two finishing coats of plastic
emulsion paint on plastered surface to soffits of
suspended slab
ELEMENT NO 6
DOORS
Galvanized mild steel casement doors
A Mild steel double steel door overall size 1200x250mm No 12 30000.00 360000.00
high including iron monger, hanging devices and priming
back metal surfaces
B Mild steel double steel door overall size 250x250mm high No 2 20000.00 240000.00
with and including iron monger, hanging devices and
priming back to metal surfaces
C General surfaces of metal (both sides measured SM 111 350.00 38 850
638850.00
WINDOWS
Galvanized mild steel window framed with 40x25x2mm
thick RHS at 150mm centers including all works.
A Overall size 1200x1500mm high No 27 4500.00 121500.00
B Overall size 100x100mm high No 6 3000.00 18000.00
C Painting and decoration on general surface of windows SM 51 350.00 17850
(measured overall glass)
ELEMENT NO 7
ROOF STRUCTURE AND COVER
ROOF CONSTRUCTION (all provisional)
A 100X50mm wall plot on and including 10mm cement and LM 116 500.00 58000.00
sand (1:4)
B 100mmx50mm rafters LM 210 345.00 72450.00
C 100x50mm tie beams LM 196 345.00 67620.00
D 100X50mm ties and struts LM 311 345.00 107295.00
E 100x50mm king post LM 58 345.00 20010.00
F 50x50mm purlins LM 403 250.00 100750.00
G 50X50mm ridge boards LM 12 250.00 3000.00
H 200mmx25mm Fascia boards LM 41 550.00 22550.00
I Ditto; barge boards LM 37 550.00 20350.00
341575.00
ROOF COVER
APPROVED ITS GAUGE 28 BOX PROFILE ROOFING SHEETS
A Roof covering sheets 22.5 degree SM 109 1600.00 174.400.00
B Ditto, ridge capping to match LM 18 450.00 8100.00
C Painting knot, primer and apply 3 coats super oil paint to LM 78 120.00 9360.00
surface of fascia
191860.00

38
ITEM DESCRIPTION
NO ELEMENT NO 8
RAINWATER GOODS
A 140mm diameter half round SPVC gutter LM 77 1050.00 80850.00
B Extra over gutter for stop end: 140mm Ø NO 4 495.00 1980.00
C Extra over gutter for joint union 140mm Ø No 15 805.00 9075.00
D Gutter support brackets; 140mm diameter No 95 210.00 19950.00
E Stop end with running outlet 140x75mm No 4 1000.00 4000.00
F Down pipe offset bend; 110mm diameter LM 4 1000.00 4000.00
G Downpipe bend; 110mm diameter No 8 700.00 5600.00
H Plastic downpipe; 110mm diameter LM 68 1000.00 68000.00
I Downpipe clips; 110mm diameter No 62 230.00 14260.00
J Downpipe shoe; 110mm diameter No 4 730.00 209695.00
SECTION SUMMERY
Element No 1 – Substructure 2008,580.00
Element No 2 –Reinforced concrete frame 27360.00
Element No 3 – Staircase and finishes 392540.00
Element No 4 – Walling 2234250.00
Element No 5 – Finishes 4261660.00
Element No 6 – Doors and windows 796200.00
Element No 7 – Roof structure & cover 533435.00
Element No 8 – Rainwater goods 209695.00
10463170.00
15% prime cast sums
1569475.50
15/100x10463170.00

15% provisional sums

15/100x10463170.00 1569475.50

Total 13602121.00

39
WORK STUDY

CRIRICAL PATH ANALYSIS

Activity Duration Predecessor

A – Planning 3
B - Quotation 6 A
C – Implementation 4 A
D – Practical work 10 A
E - Excavation 8 B
F - Foundation 6 B
G – Steel fixing 6.5 D
H - Walling 7 B
I – Form work 5 EF
J - Concreting 10 4
K – Roofing 4 G
L - Tilling 3 D
M - Plastering 6 L
N – Windows and doors 4 L
O - Supervision 9.5 JK
P - Sanding 7 JK
Q - Painting 5 No

40
 EARLIEST LATEST
ACTIVITY PREDICESSO DURATION E.S E.F L.S L.F FLOAT CRITICAL
R
A 3 O 3 0 3 0 X
B A 6 3 9 3 9 0 X
C A 4 3 7 3 9 2
D A 10 3 13 5.5 15.5 2.5
E C 8 7 15 9 17 2
F B 6 9 15 11 17 2
G D 6.5 13 19.5 15.5 22 3.5
H B 7 9 16 9 16 0 X
I EF 5 15 20 17 22 2
J H 10 16 26 16 26 0 X
K IG 4 20 24 22 26 2
L D 3 13 16 28.5 31.5 15.5
M L 6 16 22
N L 4 16 20 31.5 15.5
O JK 9.5 26 35.5 26 35.5 0 X
P JK 7 26 33
Q NO 5 35.5 40.5 35.5 40.5 0

41
CHAPTER FOUR
4.0 FINDINGS, DATA ANALYSIS, CONCLUSSION AND RECOMMENDATION
REFERENCES

4.1 FINDINGS
There have been ways of collecting data to the other chapters presented in this project for a
construction of two storey community library in Kli town and these are
a) Reviewing of relevant research in published statements and on internet.
b) On site observation about the proposed two storey library.
Reviewing of relevant research in published statements and on internet
The main goal for this is to identify best practices and how the activities are done concerning the
proposed project. It also enables to have good results about the following
a) Building accessibility
b) Infrastructure development
On site observations and practices.
The observation, recording and practicals has been made successful. This enables me as a student
with technical skills to be embraced and put up with the proposed project. These emerged great
since these were the opinions
a) Taking levels by dumpy level
b) Laboratory and field tests
c) Setting of drainage system

4.2 DATA ANALYSIS

In this section those involved me to pass through the project are my supervisor Mr. Wanyonyi
Felix, head of department Mr. Sikinja and KNEC where due project was submitted.
Therefore this project has been analysed closely with different departments of construction, these
are building department.
Supervisory department and project engineers to ensure its efficient and therefore it has been
delivered according to the best of my knowledge.

4.3 SUMMARY, CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION

4.3.1 SUMMARY
This project sought to establish the influence of public sector on the transportation and land
utilization. It has been guided by the following objectives.
a) Reducing illiteracy among people
b) Ensure land utilization and improving the towns aesthetic view.

42
4.3.2 RECOMMENDATION
It is recommended that Kli town recommends the correctness of the library that is to improve the
literacy of its people. It also promote the livelihood of the people among its people and
improving their living standards.

4.3.3 CONCLUSION
It is said that the two storey community library is going to empower people in Kli town ensuring
good education is enhanced. Due to this, the county office has proposed more learning materials
and resources to be added under government courtesy.

43