Understanding Loops in C++

This document provides an overview of loops in C++, a fundamental concept in

programming that allows for the execution of a block of code multiple times. Loops are
essential for tasks that require repetition, such as iterating through arrays or performing
operations until a certain condition is met. This presentation will cover the different types of
loops available in C++, their syntax, and practical examples to illustrate their usage.

Types of Loops in C++

1. For Loop
The for loop is used when the number of iterations is known beforehand. It consists of three
parts: initialization, condition, and increment/decrement.

Syntax:

for (initialization; condition; increment) {

// Code to be executed
}

Example:

#include <iostream>
using namespace std;

int main() {
for (int i = 0; i < 5; i++) {
cout << "Iteration: " << i << endl;
}
return 0;
}

For Loop Iteration Cycle

Initialization

Condition
Increment/Decrement
Check

Execute Code
Block

2. While Loop
The while loop is used when the number of iterations is not known and depends on a
condition. The loop continues as long as the condition is true.

Syntax:

while (condition) {
// Code to be executed
}

Example:

#include <iostream>
using namespace std;

int main() {
int i = 0;
while (i < 5) {
cout << "Iteration: " << i << endl;
i++;
}
return 0;
}

While Loop Execution Sequence

Initialize Evaluate Execute Code Increment

Repeat or Exit
Variable Condition Block Variable

The loop variable is The loop condition is The code inside the The loop variable is The loop continues
set to its initial checked for truth. loop is executed. updated. or exits based on the
value. condition.

3. Do-While Loop
The do-while loop is similar to the while loop, but it guarantees that the code block is
executed at least once, as the condition is checked after the execution.

Syntax:

do {
// Code to be executed
} while (condition);

Example:

#include <iostream>
using namespace std;

int main() {
int i = 0;
do {
cout << "Iteration: " << i << endl;
i++;
} while (i < 5);
return 0;
}

Do-While Loop Execution Cycle

Execute Code
Block

Check
Repeat or Exit
Condition

Condition True?

For Loop
Use when the number of
iterations is known
beforehand.
Which loop to While Loop
use in C++?
Use when the number of
iterations is not known and
depends on a condition.
Do-While Loop
Use when the code block
needs to be executed at least
once.