Indian National Congress

• Word Congress
• Foundation
• Founder → Allen Octavion Hume
• Viceroy → Lord Duffrin
• 1st Session → Gokuldas Tejpal Sanskrit college in
• 1st President → W.C. Banerjee
• 1897 → Indian National +
 Important Sessions of INC

Year Place President Reason/Description

• 5th Dec 1885 – Hindu news
paper announce
1885 Bombay W.C.Banerjee • Raised Voice against Salt tax
• Surendranath Banerjee did not
participate

Dada Bhai • First Parsi President

1886 Calcutta
Nauroji • Garden party by Lord duffrin

• 1st Muslim president

Badruddin • “Congressi Bano”
1887 Madras
Taiyyabji • Britishers started to
contemplate their decision
 Important Sessions of INC

Year Place President Reason/Description

• 1st Foreign President (Britisher)

1888 Allahabad George Yule • For 1st time Lala Lajpat rai
• 1st Speech given in Hindi

William • Women participated for the

1889 Bombay
Waderburn first time

P. Anand • Terms “Indian National” joined

1891 Nagpur
Charlu before congress by Dadabhai

Dada Bhai • Plea for conduction of Civils

1893 Lahore
Nauroji exam
Year Place President Reason/Description
Rahimtullah • 1st time Vandemataram sang by
1896 Calcutta
Sayane Bankim Chandra Chaterji

Gopal Krishna • G.K.G – Leader of opposition

1905 Banaras
Gokule • Lala Lajpat Rai

Dada Bhai
1906 Calcutta • “Swaraj” term was first used
Nauroji
Ras Bihari
1907 Surat • Division of Congress
Ghosh
Pt. Bishan
1911 Calcutta • 1st time Jan-gan-man sang
Narayan Dar
Ambika
• Mod + Extr Joined
1916 Lucknow Charan
• Congress + Muslim League
Majumdar
Year Place President Reason/Description
• First Women President
1917 Calcutta Anie Besant
• National Flag was Adopted
Madan
• Asked to promote Hindi
1918 Delhi Mohan
Language
Malviya
Syed Hassan
1918 Bombay • To protest against Rowlatt act
Iman
• Khilafat Movement was
1919 Amritsar M. Nehru
supported
V. • Approved for Non Coop
1920 Nagpur
Raghavachari Movement
Chittaranjan
1922 Gaya • Foundation of Swaraj Party
Das
Year Place President Reason/Description
Mawlana Abul
1923 Delhi • Youngest president of INC
kalam Azad
• Only session Gandhiji was
1924 Belgam M.K Gandhi president
• Muslim league separated
• Hindi as National language
1925 Kanpur Sarojini Naidu • Vijay Viswa Tiranga Pyara Song
• Poorn Swaraj was 1st discussed

1927 Madras Dr. M.A Ansari • Simon go back Slogan

• Foreign department was

1928 Calcutta Motilal Nehru established
• Nehru report was given
Year Place President Reason/Description
• “Poorn Swaraj” announced
• 26 Jan 1930 Poorn swaraj day
1929 Lahore Pt. J. L Nehru • Democratic party started
• March 1930 – Approval for Civil
Disobedience was given.
Sardar Vallabh • 3 Fundamental Principles
1931 Karachi
Bhai Patel • Gandhi Irwin pact

Nalini sen • Indian – origin, British

1933 Calcutta
Gupta President
• Nehru Slogan – “ Mai samajvadi
1936 Lucknow Pt. J. L Nehru
hu aur Samajvadi mera Laksh

1937 Faizpur Pt. J. L Nehru • 1st session held in village

Year Place President Reason/Description
Subhas
1938 Haripura
Chandra Bose
• 1st session in which president
elections were held
Subhas
1939 Tripuri • S.C Bose resigned & Rajendra
Chandra Bose
Prasad was elected
• 1939 – Forward Block
Maulana Abul • “Quit India Movement” was 1st
1940 Ramgarh
Kalam Azad discussed
• Indian Independence was
1946 Meerut J.B Kriplani
announced
Pattabhi sita
1948 Jaipur • J.V.P committee
rammiyah
 INDIAN NATIONAL MOVEMENT
04 Phases

1. Era of Liberals
2. Era of Ultra Nationalism
3. Gandhian Era
4. Towards Independence
 INDIAN NATIONAL MOVEMENT
1. Era of Liberals
• 1885 – Foundation of Congress by
• Viceroy – Lord Duffrin
• 1st Session – Bomabay
• 1st President – W.C Banerjee
• 1886 → Calcutta session
• President →
• Lord Duffrin – Garden party
• 1887 → Madras Session
• British empire started a strict policy for congress
• 1890 → Britishers Prohibited Govt. Employees to join congress
• 1891 → Indian National + Congress by
 INDIAN NATIONAL MOVEMENT
Important Leaders
• Dada Bhai Nauroji
• Ferozshah Mehta
• Pt. Madan Mohan Malvia
• Gopal Krishna Gokhele
• Surendra Nath Banerjee
• Devendra Nath Tagore
• Ras Bihari Ghosh
• W.C Banerjee
• 1892 → Indian Councils Act
• 1st time – Indians got the right to do debate on Budget
 INDIAN NATIONAL MOVEMENT
AIM of Liberals

• To educate people politically

• To increase Nationalism
 INDIAN NATIONAL MOVEMENT
2. Era of Ultra Nationalism
• 1905 → Partition of Bengal
• Decleration : 20 July 1905 ---
• Protest : 7th August 1905
• Applied : 16th October 1905

• 1905 → Banaras Session →

• 1906 → Calcutta Session →

 INDIAN NATIONAL MOVEMENT
2. Era of Ultra Nationalism
• 1906 → Foundation of Muslim League

• Salimullah Khan
• Aga Khan

• Dhaka – 30th Dec 1906

 INDIAN NATIONAL MOVEMENT
AIM of Muslim League
• Muslims wanted to cooprate with Britisher & trust their administration
• To create hate towards congress & make Muslims not join them
• Separate Administration rights to Muslims

• 1907 → Split of Congress in Surat session

 INDIAN NATIONAL MOVEMENT
2. Era of Ultra Nationalism
• 1911 → Delhi Darbar
• 1911 → George – V arrived India
• 2 important Declarations
• Cancellation of the partition of Bengal
• Delhi was declared as the new capital of India
• Capital → Delhi
• 1912 → Harding Bomb Consipracy
• Viceroy → Lord Harding – II
• 9th Jan 1915
 INDIAN NATIONAL MOVEMENT
2. Era of Ultra Nationalism
• 1916 → Lucknow Pact
• 1916 → Lucknow session of Congress →
• Muslim League + Congress
• 1916 → Home Rule League Movement
• 28th Apr 1916 → Bala Gangadhar Tilak
• AIM → Independence for india
• 3rd Sep 1916 → All india Home Rule League
• Started by – Anni Besant
• Secretary – George Arundal
• 1917 – Montageau Declaration
 INDIAN NATIONAL MOVEMENT
2. Era of Ultra Nationalism
• 20 Aug 1917 → After war Indians will also be a part in Administartion
• Indians can create their own constitution
• 1919 → Montague – Chelmsford Reform Act
• British officers salary were given by Britian
• I.C.S Exam in India
• Dual rule in areas
• *1919 → Rowlatt Act
• AIM → To control the revolutionary activities in India
• Started – 10th Sep 1917 → Sir Sydney Rowlatt
• No court – Direct Jain and Punishment
• “No Dalil – No Appeal – No Vakeel”
 INDIAN NATIONAL MOVEMENT
2. Era of Ultra Nationalism
• Black Law
• Gandhiji also revolted it
• 6th April 1919 – India wide Strikes / Revolts
• Gandhiji was arrested.

• 13th April 1919 – Jalianwala Bagh Bloodshed

 INDIAN NATIONAL MOVEMENT
GANDHIAN ERA
• Mohan Das Karamchand Gandhi
• Birth → 2nd OCT 1869 in Porbander,
• Father → Karam Chand Gandhi
• Mother → Putli Bai
• 1883 → He got married to Kasturba Gandhi
• 4 Sons → Harilal, Manilal, Ramdas & Devdas
• Political Guru → Gopal Krishna Gokhale
• Famous Diciple → Mera Ben
 INDIAN NATIONAL MOVEMENT
GANDHIAN ERA
• 1888 → He went to London to Study Law
• 1891 → Cleared Barister Exam and returned to INDIA
• 1893 → He went to Africa to fight for Abdulla’s Case
• 1894 → Natal Congress started
• 1901 → Gandhiji for the first time attended the Calcutta session
• 1904 → He started “Phoenix Ashram” in South Africa –
• 1906 → First Satyagraha
• 1908 → He went to Jail
• 9th Jan 1915 → Gandhiji came to INDIA

• 1915 → Sabarmati Aashram was created.

 INDIAN NATIONAL MOVEMENT
GANDHIAN ERA
• Famous Nicknames given by People
• “Father of the Nation” →
• “Bapu” →
• “Mahatma” →
• “Posing as a half naked Fakir” →
• “One man boundary force” →
• “Maland Baba” →
• “Ajatashatruvu” →
• “Kesar – I – Hind” →
 INDIAN NATIONAL MOVEMENT
GANDHIAN ERA
• IMPORTANT BOOKS WRITTEN
1. India of My Dreams
2. My Experiments with the Truth
3. Hind Swaraj
4. Geeta Maata
5. Suno Vidhyrthi
IMPORTANT BOOKS WRITTEN
1. Indian Opinion
2. Yound India
3. Harijan
 Famous Movements
Movement Year Reason Description
• 25% of total tax collected
Champaran • Tinkatiya System
1917 was given back
Satyagrah • Rajkumar Shukla
• R.Tagore --- Mahatma
• Plague Bonus not
Ahmedabad • Govt. Accepted this and
1918 given
Mill Strike • Asked to give 35% 35% Bonus
• Tax collection even
Kheda • Order released as suitable
1918 after crops damaged
satyagraha • Gandhiji & S.Patel farmers have to pay tax
• Gandhiji first All India wide
Rowlatt Act 1919
Satyagraha
Khilafat • Britishers attacked • Khalifa post ended in
1919
Movement Turkey Turkey
 Famous Movements
Movement Year Reason Description
Non
• 5 Feb 1922 → Chori Chaura
Cooperation 1920 – 22 • To attain Swaraj
Incident – stopped
movement
Civil
• 12 March 1930 – Dandi
Disobedience 1930 – 31 • Against Salt Tax
March
Movement
• Announced by
Individual • 1st Satyagrahi – Achary
1940 Gandhiji
Satyagraha • Against August offer Vinobhabhve
Quit India • Britishers to Leave
1942 • Gandhij announced Fasting
Movement India
 INDIAN NATIONAL MOVEMENT

Jallianwala Bagh Conspiracy

• 1919 – Jallianwala Bagh Conspiracy
• Rowlatt act
• Dr. Satya pal & Dr. Saifuddin Kichlu
• 13th April 1919 → Jalianwala Bagh
• Gen. Dyer → Shooting order
• Rabindranath Tagore retirned the titles SIR & Knighthood
• Hunter Commission was Appointed
• Dyer was sent to England
• 13th March 1940 → Sardar UdamSingh Killed Gen. O Dwyer
 INDIAN NATIONAL MOVEMENT

Khilafat Movement
• 1919 → All India Khilafat Committee
• 2 Famous Leaders
• 1) Md. Ali 2) Shoukat Ali
• Nov 1919 → All india Khilafat Conferrence
• 31 Aug 1920 → khilafat Day
• 1920 → Calcutta Session ----
• Khilafat Movement was merged with Non Cooperation Movement
• 1924 – Turkey
• Khalifa Post ended
 INDIAN NATIONAL MOVEMENT

Non-Cooperation Movement
• Started → 1st Aug 1920
• Gandhiji returned his title –
• Foreign things, foreign schools/colleges, Lawyers stopped going to Courts
• 1921 → Prince of Wales arrived India
• 17th Nov 1921 → All India wider strikes
• 5th Feb 1922 → Chauri – Chaura Incident
• Police station was lit on fire by people
• 12th Feb 1922 → N.C.M was stopped and taken back
• 10th March 1922 → Gandhiji was arrested
• 1924 → Belgam session
 INDIAN NATIONAL MOVEMENT

Swaraj Party
• 1923 → In Allahabad
• Founders → Chittaranjan Das + Motilal Nehru
• Motive
1. Fight British colonialism
2. Demonstrate that these councils were not truly democratic
3. Pressurise the government for Various reforms
• 1925 →? C.R Das died
• Party was weakened and ended
 INDIAN NATIONAL MOVEMENT

Simon Commission
• 1919 Montageau – Chelmsford Reform Act
• Nov 1927 → Simon commission was announced in England
• Feb 1928 → Simon commission came to India
• 1928 → Motilal nehru gave “Nehru Report”

• Recommendations :-
1. To give Independence to India & create a self govt.
2. The Dyarchy of Provinces should be removed
3. End Communal election and minorities be given reservation in
seats
4. Separate Sindh region from Bombay region
5. Create a Federal court in India
 INDIAN NATIONAL MOVEMENT

Simon Commission
• Recommendations :-
6. All regions should be under Center
7. Create two houses in the center

• 1928 → Bardoli Satyagraha

• Leader → Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel
• Reason → Increase in Tax by 30% in Bardoli region
• Success → Govt. only increased tax to 6.3%
• Women gave title → Sardar.
 INDIAN NATIONAL MOVEMENT

Lahore Session
• President →
• Poorn swaraj was declared – 26th Jan 1930

• 1930 – 1st Round table conference in London

• Congress did not attend
• Crown → George – V

• 1931 → Gandhi Irwin Pact

• C.D.M Movement ended
• 2nd Round table conference
• Innocent prisioners to be released
 INDIAN NATIONAL MOVEMENT
• 1931 – 2nd Round table conference
• Gandhiji participated
• Viceroy →

• 1932 → Poona Pact

• 24th Sep 1934 – Gandhiji & B.R Ambedkar
• Seats reservation for Dalits.

• 1932 – 3rd Round table conference

• Congress boycotted
 INDIAN NATIONAL MOVEMENT

Revolutionary activities

• 1924 → H.R.A – Hindustan Republican Association

• Founder → Sachindra Sanyal, Ram Prasad Bismil, Chandra Shekhar Azad
• 9th Aug 1925 → Kakori Conspiracy
• Saharanpur
• 4 revolutionaries were hanged
• Ram Prasad Bismil Roshanlal
• Ashfaqualla Rajendra Lehadi
• H.R.A Ended
 INDIAN NATIONAL MOVEMENT

Revolutionary activities
• 1928 → H.S.R.A – Hindustan Socialist Republic Association
• Founder → Chandra Shekar Azad
• Place → Delhi,
• 30th Oct 1928 → Murder of Sandures.
• Lt. Scout ----- Saunders
• Chandra Shekar Azad, Bhagat Singh & Rajguru

• 8th April – 1929 → Assembly Bomb Conspiracy

• Bomb thrown at central legislative assembly
• By Bhagat singh, Batukeshwar Dutta
 INDIAN NATIONAL MOVEMENT

Revolutionary activities
• 23rd March 1931 → B.Singh, Rajguru Sukhdev
• 1933 → Chaudary rehmat ali gave the word ‘PAKISTAN’
• P→

• 1940 → Lahore session of Muslim league

• Pakistan country was demanded
• 1937 → Provincial elections
 INDIAN NATIONAL MOVEMENT

Revolutionary activities
• 1939 → World war – II
• 15 Nov 1939 → All congress personnel gave resignation
• 22 Dec 1939 → Mukti Divas

• 1940 – August offer

• 8th Aug 1940 – Viceroy →
• Rejected
• Started – Individual Satyagraha
 INDIAN NATIONAL MOVEMENT

Revolutionary activities
• 1942 → Cripps Mission
• Rejected
• Post dated cheque

• 1942 → Quit India Movement

• 8th Aug 1942
• Started from Bombay from Gwalior Tank Ground

• 04 Phase → Towards Independence (1942 - 1947)

 Governor Generals & Viceroys
Robert Clive
• He was first governor of Bengal
• 1757 → Battle of Plassey
• 1759 → Battle of Bedra
• 1765 → Treaty of Allahabad
• 1765 → He applied Dyarchy in Bengal

• William Howell → 1760

 Governor Generals & Viceroys
Henry Vansittart →

Harry Verelst →
John Cartier →

Warren Hasting →
 Governor Generals & Viceroys
Warren hastings
• He was first governor general of Bengal
• 1772 → He abolished Dyarchy in Bengal
• 1773 → Regulating Act came
• 1774 → Foundation of Supreme court in India
• 1780 → 1st Indian Newspaper published.

• 1780 → Foundation of G.P.O in Calcutta

• 1781 → Act of settlement
• 1784 → Pitts India Act
• 1785 → Impeachment on him
 Governor Generals & Viceroys
• John Macpherson→
Lord Cornwallis
• 186 → Act of settlement
• He started Zamindari system or permanent settlement
• He is known as the father of Indian civil service
• He founded 4 session Courts

Sir John Shore

• 1793 → Charter Act
 Governor Generals & Viceroys

Lord Wellesely
• He Started subsidiary alliance
• In 1800, he founded ft.William college in Calcutta
• In 1803, britishers conquered Delhi

• Sir George Barlow →

• In 1803, britishers conquered Delhi
Lord Minto - I
• 1809 → Treaty of Amritsar
• 1813 → Charter Act
 Governor Generals & Viceroys
Lord Hastings
• He won 28 battles and conquered 120 Forts
• Lord Adams →
• Lord Amherst →
• 1824 → Calcutta Govt. Sanskrit college
• 1824 → Army Revolt →
Lord William Bentinck
• He was last Gov. General of Bengal and 1st Gov. General of India
• He abolished 3 systems
• 1. 1829 → Sati system 2. 1830 → Thagi System
• 3. 1833 → Nar Bali Pratha
 Governor Generals & Viceroys
Lord William Bentinck
• 1833 → Agra Presidency founded ---
• He founded the post of Divisional commissioner
• 1835 → Macauley minutes

• His period is of Peace and reforms

Lord Charles Mecarte
• He is known as Liberator of Press
• Removed ban from Indian newspapers
 Governor Generals & Viceroys
Lord Auckland
• He changed the name of Sher Shah suri Marg to Grand Trunk Road
• Removed Pilgrimage tax
• Removed ban on Durga puja
• Built many canals for irrigation
• Lord Ellen Borugh→
• 1843 → He prohibited Slavery
• Lord Hardinge - I→
• 1845 → 1st Anglo – Sikh war
• 1846 → Treaty of Lahore
• He made English compulsory for appointments
 Governor Generals & Viceroys
Lord Dal Housie
• He applied Doctrine of Lapse
• 1848 → 2nd Anglo – Sikh war
• 1850 – He added Sikkim in India
• 1854 → Charles woods Dispatch
• 1853 → 1st Passenger train in India
• 1853 → Telegram service started
• 1854 → Founded Indian Post department
• 1854 → Public Works Dept.
• 1853 → Charter Act
• 1856 → Widow remarriage Bill
• He made Shimla → Summer capital of Britishers.
 Governor Generals & Viceroys
Lord Canning
• 1856 → Last Gov. General of India & First Viceroy of India
• 1856 → Widow Remarriage Act
• 1857 → 3 Central Universities were established

• Revolt of 1857
• 1858 → Govt of India Act
• 1860 → First Indian budget was presented by James Wilson
• 1861 → Indian Councils Act
• 1861 → Indian Highcourt act
• 1862 → 3 High courts were established
• 1862 → As per portfolio commission, Lord Canning did classification
of Indian Dept.
 Governor Generals & Viceroys
Lord Elgin - I
Sir John Lawrence
• 1857 Revolt → Gov. of Punjab
• 1865 → Telegraph service from India to Britan

Lord Mayo
• He founded Mayo college in Ajmer
• 1872 → 1st census of India
• 1872 → Agriculture Dept & Commerce Dept
• 1872 --> He was killed by Sher Ali Afridi in Port Blair
 Governor Generals & Viceroys

Lord Northbrook
• 1875 → Prince of wales arrived in India
• Prince Edward VII
Lord Lytton
• He was a writer & Poet
• Book → Oven Meredith
• Son in law → Edwin Lutyen
• Applied Salt tax
• 1878 → Vernacular Press Act
• 1878 → Arms Act
• 1876 → Royal title Act
• The Minimum age for ICS reduced from 21 to 18
 Governor Generals & Viceroys

Lord Ripon
• 1881 → 1st factory Act
• 1883 → He prohibited child Labor
• He cancled Vernacular press act
• 1881 → Regular Census in India
• 1882 → He started local governance in India

Lord Duffrin
• 1885 → Foundation of Congress
• 1887 → Foundation of Allahabad University
 Governor Generals & Viceroys
Lord Lansdowne
• 1891 → 2nd Factory Act
• 1892 → Indian Councils Act
Lord Elgin - II
• 1896 → Calcutta Session

Lord Curzon
• 1903 → foundation of C.I.D
• 1904 →Indian University Act
• 1905 → Pusa Agriculture Institute Founded
• 1905 → Railway Board started
• 1905 → Partition of Bengal
 Governor Generals & Viceroys

Lord Minto - II

Lord Harding - II

Lord Chelmsford

Lord Reading

Lord Erwin

Lord Wellington
 Governor Generals & Viceroys

Lord Linlithgo

Lord Wavell

Lord Mountbatten
• Last viceroy of India
• 1st Gov. Gen of Independent India
• Last Gov.General of Independent India
End of MODERN INDIAN History