Title: Quadratic Equation

Chapter: Quadratic Equation

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Worksheet Compiled By: Prashant Jain (PJ Sir)

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Exercise – I
ONE OR MORE THAN ONE OPTIONS CORRECT TYPE
1. Possible values of 'p' for which the equation (p2 – 3p + 2)x2 – (p2 – 5p + 4)x + p – p2 = 0 does
not possess more than two roots is/are
(A) 0 (B) 1 (C) 2 (D) 4

2. If a, b are non-zero real numbers and ,  the roots of x2 + ax + b = 0, then

(A) 2, 2 are the roots of x2 – (2b – a2) x + a2 = 0
1 1
(B) , are the roots of bx2 + ax + 1 = 0
 
 
(C) , are the roots of bx2 + (2b – a2) x + b = 0
 
(D) ( – 1), ( – 1) are the roots of the equation x2 + x (a + 2) + 1 + a + b = 0

3. If ,  are the roots of ax2 + bx + c = 0 (a  0) and  + ,  +  are the roots of,

Ax2 + Bx + C = 0 (A  0) for some constant , then
1 B b 1 b B 
(A)  =  (B)  = 
2  A a  2  a A 
b2  4 a c B2  4 A C b2  4ac B2  4 A C
(C) 2
= 2
(D) 2
=
a A a A2

4. If one root of the equation 4x2 + 2x – 1 = 0 is ‘’, then

1  5 1 5
(A)  can be equal to (B)  can be equal to
4 4
(C) other root is 43 – 3. (D) other root is 43 + 3

5. If ,  are roots of x2 + 3x + 1 = 0, then

(A) (7 – ) (7 – ) = 0 (B) (2 – ) (2 – ) = 11
2 2 2 2
       
(C)  = –2 (D)     = 18
3  1 3  1  1      1

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6. If both roots of x2 – 32x + c = 0 are prime numbers then possible values of c are

(A) 60 (B) 87 (C) 247 (D) 231

7. Let f(x) = x2 – a(x + 1) – b = 0, a, b  R – {0}, a + b  0. If  and  are roots of equation f(x) =

1 1 2
0, then the value of + – is equal to
2
  a 2
  a ab
a a2
(A) 0 (B) f(a) + a + b (C) f(b) + a + b (D) f   + +a+b
2 4

8. If f(x) is a polynomial of degree three with leading coefficient 1 such that f(1) = 1, f(2) = 4, f(3)
= 9, then
3
6
(B) f   =  
6
(A) f(4) = 22
5 5
(C) f(x) = x3 holds for exactly two values of x. (D) f(x) = 0 has a root in interval (0, 1).

9. Let P(x) = x32 – x25 + x18 – x11 + x4 – x3 + 1. Which of the following are CORRECT ?
(A) Number of real roots of P(x) = 0 are zero.
(B) Number of imaginary roots of P(x) = 0 are 32.
(C) Number of negative roots of P(x) = 0 are zero.
(D) Number of imaginary roots of P(x) + P(–x) = 0 are 32.

10. If ,  are the real and distinct roots of x2 + px + q = 0 and 4, 4 are the roots of x2 – rx + s =
0, then the equation x2 – 4qx + 2q2 – r = 0 has always (given   –)

(A) two real roots (B) two negative roots

(C) two positive roots (D) one positive root and one negative root

11. x2 + x + 1 is a factor of a x3 + b x2 + c x + d = 0, then the real root of above equation is

(a, b, c, d  R)
(A)  d/a (B) d/a (C) (b – a)/a (D) (a – b)/a

12. If – 5 + i, – 5 + i (where 2  2 ; ,  R and i2 = –1) are roots of x3 + 15x2 + cx + 860 =
0, c  R, then
(A) c = 222
(B) all the three roots are imaginary
(C) two roots are imaginary but not complex conjugate of each other.
(D) – 5 + 7i 3 , – 5 – 7i 3 are imaginary roots.

13. Let f(x) = ax2 + bx + c > 0,  x  R or f(x) < 0,  x  R. Which of the following is/are
CORRECT ?
(A) If a + b + c > 0 then f(x) > 0,  x  R (B) If a + c < b then f(x) < 0,  x  R
(C) If a + 4c > 2b then f(x) < 0, x  R (D) ac > 0.

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14. Let x1 <  <  <  < x4, x1 < x2 < x3. If f(x) is a cubic polynomial with real coefficients such
that
(f())2 + (f())2 + (f())2 = 0, f(x1) f(x2) < 0, f(x2) f(x3) < 0 and f(x1) f(x3) > 0 then which of
the following are CORRECT ?
(A)  (x1, x2),  (x2, x3) and  (x3, x4) (B)  (x1, x3), ,  (x3, x4)
(C) ,  (x1, x2) and   (x4, ) (D)  (x1, x3),  (x2, x3) and  (x2,
x4)

15. If f(x) is cubic polynomial with real coefficients,  <  <  and x1 < x2 be such that f() = f()
= f() = f(x1) = f  (x2) = 0 then possible graph of y = f(x) is (assuming y-axis vertical)

(A) (B)

(C) (D)

3 4 5
16. Let f(x) = + + , then f(x) = 0 has
x2 x 3 x4
(A) exactly one real root in (2, 3) (B) exactly one real root in (3, 4)
(C) 3 different roots (D) atleast one negative root

17. If the quadratic equations ax2 + bx + c = 0 (a, b, c  R, a  0) and x2 + 4x + 5 = 0 have a

common root, then a, b, c must satisfy the relations:
(A) a > b > c (B) a < b < c
(C) a = k; b = 4k; c = 5k (k  R, k  0) (D) b2  4ac is negative.

18. If the quadratic equations x2 + abx + c = 0 and x2 + acx + b = 0 have a common root, then the
equation containing their other roots is/are :
(A) x2 + a (b + c) x  a2bc = 0 (B) x2  a (b + c) x + a2bc = 0
(C) a (b + c) x2  (b + c) x + abc = 0 (D) a (b + c) x2 + (b + c) x  abc = 0

19. Consider the following statements.

S1 : The equation 2x2 + 3x + 1 = 0 has irrational roots.
S2 : If a < b < c < d, then the roots of the equation (x – a) (x – c) + 2 (x – b) (x – d) = 0 are
real and distinct.
S3 : If x2 + 3x + 5 = 0 and ax2 + bx + c = 0 have a common root and a, b, c  N, then the
minimum value of (a + b + c) is 10.

S4 : The value of the biquadratic expression x4  8 x3 + 18 x2  8 x + 2, when x = 2 + 3 ,

is 1
Which of the following are CORRECT ?
(A) S2 and S4 are true. (B) S1 and S3 are false.
(C) S1 and S2 are true. (D) S3 and S4 are false.

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20. If the equations x2 + a x + 12 = 0, x2 + b x + 15 = 0 & x2 + (a + b) x + 36 = 0 have a common
positive root, then which of the following are true ?

(A) ab = 56 (B) common positive root is 3

(C) sum of uncommon roots is 21. (D) a + b = 15.

21. If x2 + x + 1 = 0,  (–2 , 2) and 4x3 + 3x + 2c = 0 have common root then c +  can be
1 1 3
(A) (B) – (C) 0 (D)
2 2 2

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 Answer Key
ONE OR MORE THAN ONE OPTIONS CORRECT TYPE
1. (A) 2. (B), (C), (D) 3. (B), (C) 4. (A), (C)
5. (B), (C) ,(D) 6. (B), (C) 7. (A), (B), (D) 8. (A), (B), (C), (D)
9. (A), (B), (C), (D) 10. (A), (D) 11. (A), (D) 12. (A), (D)
13. (A), (B), (D) 14. (A), (D) 15. (A), (C) 16. (A), (B)
17. (C), (D) 18. (B), (D) 19. (A), (B) 20. (A), (B), (C)
21. (A), (B)

Solution
ONE OR MORE THAN ONE OPTIONS CORRECT TYPE
1. p = 0  2x2 – 4x – 0 = 0 two roots (A)
2
p = 1  0x – (0)x + 0 = 0 identity more than two roots (B)
2
p = 2  0x – (–2)x + (–2) = 0 x=+1 one root (C)
2
p = 4  6x – 0x – 12 = 0 two root (D)

2. (A) S = 2 + 2 = a2 – 2b ; P = 2 2 = b2  equation is x2 – (a2

– 2b) x + b2 = 0
1 1 a 1 1 1 a 1
(B) S= + =– ,P= . =  x2 + x+ = 0
  b   b b b
 bx2 + ax + 1 = 0
   2  2 a2  2b  
(C) S= + = = ; P= . =1
   b  
a2  2b
x2 – x+1=0   bx2 – (a2 – 2b) x + b = 0
b
(D) S=+–2=–a–2 ; P = ( – 1) ( – 1)
=  – ( + ) + 1 = b + a + 1 
   equation is x2 + (a + 2)x + (a + b + 1) = 0.

b c
3. ax2 + bx + c = 0 +  =  ,  = Ax2 + Bx + C = 0
a a

B C
( + ) + ( + ) = – , ( + ) ( + ) =  |(+ ) – ( + )| = |( – )|
A A

B2 4C b 2 4c b2  4ac B2  4AC
  =   = Hence proved
A2 A a2 a a2 A2

4. 4x2 + 2x – 1 = 0 

  42 + 2 – 1 = 0 ....(1)
Let 3
 = 4 – 3
with the help of equation (1)
(1  2 )
 =  [42 – 3] = [1 – 2 – 3] = – 22 – 2 = –2 –2 [using (1)]
4
 = – – 1/2
 +  = – 1/2 which is given. hence second root is 43 – 3.

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5. x2 + 3x + 1 = (x – ) (x – ). Put x = 2  11 = (2 – ) (2 – ) (B)
2
 + 3 + 1 = 0, 2
 + 3 + 1 = 0
2
 = – (3 + 1), 2 = – (3 + 1)
2 2 2 2
= – 1, = –1  + =–2 (C)
3  1 3  1 3  1 3  1
2 2
      2 2 (3  1) (3  1)  (3  1)  (3  1)
  +  = + = + =
 1    1   1  2   2
1  2   2   

=
3( 2  2 )  (  )
=
 2
3 (   )  2  ( 3)  = 3 (7) – 3 = 18.
1 1

6. Split 32 into sum of two primes 32 = 2 + 30 = 3 + 29 = 5 + 27 = 7 + 25 = 11 + 21 = 13 + 19.

32 = 2 + 30 = 3 + 29 = 5 + 27 = 7 + 25 = 11 + 21 = 13 + 19.

7. 2 – a( + 1) – b = 0 .......(i)
2 – a( + 1) – b = 0 .......(ii)
by (i) & (ii)
1 1 2 1 1 2
(A)   =   0 (hence A)
2
  a 2
  a ab ab ab ab
(B) f(a) + a + b = –(a + b) + (a + b) = 0 (hence B)
f(b) + a + b = b2 – ab – a – b  0
 a  a2 a2 a  a2
(D) f  ab=  a   1  b  ab  0
2 4 4 2  4

8. Let f(x) = x3 + bx2 + cx + d

b+c+d=0 ......(i)
4b + 2c + d = –4 ......(ii)
9b + 3c + d = –18 ......(iii)
by (i), (ii) and (iii)
b = –5, c = 11, d = –6
 f(x) = x3 – 5x2 + 11x – 6
Alter : f(x) = (x – 1)(x – 2)(x – 3) + x2 = x3 – 5x2 + 11x – 6 = x3 – (x – 1)(5x – 6)
 f(4) = (3)(2)(1) + 16 = 22
3
6 6 
f     Now f(x) = x3  x = 1 or
5 5 5
f(0) f(1) = (–6)(1) < 0
one root in (0, 1)

9. Case-I (i) x>1

p(x) = x25 (x7 – 1) + x11(x7 – 1) + x3(x – 1) + 1
p(x) > 0 no root for x  (1, )
(ii) 0<x<1
p(x) = x32 + x18 (1 – x7) + x4 (x – x7) + (1 – x3)
p(x) > 0 not root for (0, 1)
(iii) x = 1 ; P(x) = 1
hence no real root for x > 0
Case-II : for x < 0
let x = – is root ( > 0)
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 p() = 32 + 25 + 18 + 11 + 4 + 3 + 1
p()  0
Hence no negative root
All roots are imaginary
p(x) + p(–x) = 2(x32 + x18 + x4 + 1)  0 x  R
Hence imaginary roots.


10. x2 + px + q = 0  +  = – p,  = q and p2 – 4q > 0  x2 – rx + s = .....(1)


Now  4 + 4 = r  4 + 4 = r , ()4 = s = q4  (2 +2)2 – 2()2 = r 

  [( + )2 – 2]2 – 222 = r (p2 – 2q)2 – 2q2 = r
(p2 – 2q)2 = 2q2 + r > 0 .....(2)
Now, for x2 – 4qx + 2q2 – r = 0
D = 16q2 – 4(2q2 – r) by equation (2) = 8q2 + 4r = 4(2q2 + r) > 0
D > 0 two real and distinct roots
Product of roots = 2q2 – r = 2q2 – [(p2 – 2q)2 – 2q2] = 4q2 – (p2 – 2q)2 = – p2 (p2 – 4q) < 0
from (1)
So product of roots is – ve. hence roots are opposite in sign

11. ax3 + bx2 + cx + d = 0

Let ax3 + bx2 + cx + d  (x2 + x + 1) (Ax + B)

Roots of x2 + x + 1 = 0 are imaginary, Let these are , 
So the third root '' will be real.
b b ab
++=  –1 +  = =
a a a
d d
Also  = . But  = 1  =  Ans are (A) & (D).
a a

12. If – 5 + i is a root then other root is – 5 – i and  = 0

 roots are – 5 + i, – 5 – i, – 5
Product of roots (25 + 2) (– 5) = – 860 ; 25 + 2 = 172 ; 2 = 147; = ± 7 3
 roots are – 5 + 7i 3 , – 5 – 7i 3 , – 5
and c = – 5(– 5 + 7i) – 5 (– 5 – 7i 3 ) + (– 5 + 7i 3 ) (– 5 – 7i 3 )
c = 50 + (250 + 147) = 222.

13. f(x) > 0 x  R or f(x) < 0 x  R hence D < 0

its graph can be

(A) f(1) > 0 graph (i) will be possible

so f(x) > 0 x  R
(B) f(–1) < 0 graph (ii) will be possible so f(x) < 0 x  R
 1
(C) f   > 0 so f(x) < 0 x  R
 2

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 so not possible
(D) a > 0 c > 0 (graph (i))
a < 0 c < 0 (graph (ii))
in both cases ac > 0

14. f() = f() = f() = 0

hence f(x) has three real roots  possible graphs of f(x) are

or

 (x1 x2), (x2 x3) and (x3 x4) or  (x1 x3), (x2 x3) and (x2 x4)
hence A and D are correct
B is wrong as  (x3, x4)
C is wrong as  (x1, x2)

15. only A and C are correct as in these graphs

f() = f() = f() = f'(x1) = f'(x2) = 0
In option B f() < 0 and f() > 0 (can't be equal).
In option D f() > 0 and f() < 0 (can't be equal).

3 4 5  f(2 )   
16. f(x) = + +  f(x) = 0 has exactly one root in (2, 3).
x2 x 3 x4 and f(3  )   
 f(3  )   
again    f(x) = 0 has exactly one root in (3, 4).
and f(4  )   

17.  D of x2 + 4x + 5 = 0 is less than zero

 both the roots are imaginary  both the roots of quadratic are same
a b c
 b2 – 4ac < 0 & = = = k   a = k, b = 4k, c = 5k.
1 4 5


18. x2 + abx + c = 0 ...(1)  +  = – ab,  = c


x2 + acx + b = ...(2)  +  = – ac,   = b

2 + ab  + c = 0
2 + ac  + b = 0
2  1 a (b2 – c 2 )
= = 2 = = – (b + c)
ab2 – ac 2 c–b a c – ab a(c – b)
c –b 1 1
& = =  common root,  =
a(c – b) a a
1
 – (b + c) =  a2 (b + c) = – 1
a2
Product of the roots of equation (1) & (2) gives
1 1
× = c   = ac & × = b   = ab.
a a
 equation having roots ,  is

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 x2 – a (b + c) x + a2bc = 0  a (b + c) x2 – a2 ( b + c)2 x + a.(b + c) a2bc = 0
a (b + c) x2 + (b + c) x – abc = 0.

19. S1 : 2x2 + 3x + 1 = 0
 D=9–4×1×1=1
Which is perfect square of a rational number
 roots will be rational.
S2 :  Let f(x) = (x – a)(x – c) + 2(x – b) (x – d)
 f(a) > 0
f(b) < 0
f(c) < 0
f(d) > 0
 two real and distinct roots.
S3 : x2 + 3x + 5 = 0 .....(i) and
ax2 + bx + c = 0 .....(ii)
for equation (i) , D < 0
 Roots are imaginary and they occur in conjugate pair
 Roots of equation (i) and (ii) will be identical
a b c
   = , (N)  a =, b = 3, c = 5  a + b + c = 9
1 3 5
 least value is 9.

20. x2 + ax + 12 = 0 .....(1)
x2 + bx + 15 = 0 .....(2)
x2 + (a + b) x + 36 = 0 .....(3)
(1) + (2) – (3) gives x2 – 9 = 0  x = ± 3 given that common root will be +ve
so x = 3 put in equation (3) 9 + 3 (a + b) + 36 = 0  a + b = – 15
by equation (1) 9 + 3a + 12 = 0  a = – 7 & b = – 8

21. 4x3 + 3x + 2c = (4x + 2c)(x2 + x + 1)

comparing co-efficients
1 1
 c = 1 and  = – or c = –1 and  = 
2 2
1 1
  c+= or –
2 2

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