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The document explains the basics of variables in PHP, including their syntax, assignment, and types. PHP variables are denoted with a dollar sign and can hold various data types such as integers, doubles, booleans, NULL, strings, arrays, objects, and resources. It also discusses how PHP handles type conversion and the truthiness of different values in boolean contexts.

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0 views2 pages

dve

The document explains the basics of variables in PHP, including their syntax, assignment, and types. PHP variables are denoted with a dollar sign and can hold various data types such as integers, doubles, booleans, NULL, strings, arrays, objects, and resources. It also discusses how PHP handles type conversion and the truthiness of different values in boolean contexts.

Uploaded by

fuaddacad85
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as TXT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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 All variables in PHP are denoted with a leading dollar sign ($).

 The value of a variable is the value of its most recent assignment.


 Variables are assigned with the = operator, with the variable on the left-hand
side and
the expression to be evaluated on the right.
 Variables can, but do not need, to be declared before assignment.
 Variables in PHP do not have intrinsic types - a variable does not know in
advance
whether it will be used to store a number or a string of characters.
 Variables used before they are assigned have default values.
 PHP does a good job of automatically converting types from one to another when
necessary.
 PHP variables are Perl-like.
PHP has a total of eight data types which we use to construct our variables:
 Integers: are whole numbers, without a decimal point, like 4195.
 Doubles: are floating-point numbers, like 3.14159 or 49.1.
 Booleans: have only two possible values either true or false.
 NULL: is a special type that only has one value: NULL.
 Strings: are sequences of characters, like 'PHP supports string operations.'
 Arrays: are named and indexed collections of other values.
 Objects: are instances of programmer-defined classes, which can package up both
other kinds of values and functions that are specific to the class.
 Resources: are special variables that hold references to resources external to
PHP
(such as database connections).
The first five are simple types, and the next two (arrays and objects) are compound
- the
compound types can package up other arbitrary values of arbitrary type, whereas the
simple
types cannot.
PHP ─ VARIABLE TYPES
PHP
28
We will explain only simile data type in this chapters. Array and Objects will be
explained
separately.
Integers
They are whole numbers, without a decimal point, like 4195. They are the simplest
type .they
correspond to simple whole numbers, both positive and negative. Integers can be
assigned
to variables, or they can be used in expressions, like so:
$int_var = 12345;
$another_int = -12345 + 12345;
Integer can be in decimal (base 10), octal (base 8), and hexadecimal (base 16)
format.
Decimal format is the default, octal integers are specified with a leading 0, and
hexadecimals
have a leading 0x.
For most common platforms, the largest integer is (2**31 . 1) (or 2,147,483,647),
and the
smallest (most negative) integer is . (2**31 . 1) (or .2,147,483,647).
Doubles
They like 3.14159 or 49.1. By default, doubles print with the minimum number of
decimal
places needed. For example, the code:
$many = 2.2888800;
$many_2 = 2.2111200;
$few = $many + $many_2;
print(.$many + $many_2 = $few<br>.);
It produces the following browser output:
2.28888 + 2.21112 = 4.5
Boolean
They have only two possible values either true or false. PHP provides a couple of
constants
especially for use as Booleans: TRUE and FALSE, which can be used like so:
if (TRUE)
print("This will always print<br>");
else
print("This will never print<br>");
PHP
29
Interpreting other types as Booleans
Here are the rules for determine the "truth" of any value not already of the
Boolean type:
 If the value is a number, it is false if exactly equal to zero and true
otherwise.
 If the value is a string, it is false if the string is empty (has zero
characters) or is the
string "0", and is true otherwise.
 Values of type NULL are always false.
 If the value is an array, it is false if it contains no other values, and it is
true otherwise.
For an object, containing a value means having a member variable that has been
assigned a value.
 Valid resources are true (although some functions that return resources when they
are
successful will return FALSE when unsuccessful).
 Don't use double as Booleans.
Each of the following variables has the truth value embedded in its name when it is
used in a
Boolean context.
$true_num = 3 + 0.14159;
$true_str = "Tried and true"
$true_array[49] = "An array element";
$false_array = array();
$false_null = NULL;
$false_num = 999 - 999;
$false_str = "";
NULL
NULL is a special type that only has one value: NULL. To give a variable the NULL
value,
simply assign it like this:
$my_var = NULL;
The special constant NULL is capitalized by convention, but actually it is case
insensitive; you
could just as well have typed:
$my_var = null;
A variable that has been assigned NULL has the following properties:
 It evaluates to FALSE in a Boolean context.

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