Scribd
Upload
6 views

CHE1010TutorialSheet4

This tutorial sheet from the University of Zambia covers periodic trends and chemical bonding concepts in chemistry. It includes questions on ionization energy, electron affinity, molecular geometry, and Lewis structures, with specific questions to be submitted by a deadline. Students are required to analyze various chemical properties and predict trends based on given data.

Uploaded by

mumbamalama224
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
6 views

CHE1010TutorialSheet4

This tutorial sheet from the University of Zambia covers periodic trends and chemical bonding concepts in chemistry. It includes questions on ionization energy, electron affinity, molecular geometry, and Lewis structures, with specific questions to be submitted by a deadline. Students are required to analyze various chemical properties and predict trends based on given data.

Uploaded by

mumbamalama224
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 3

UNIVERSITY OF ZAMBIA

SCHOOL OF NATURAL & APPLIED SCIENCES


DEPARTMENT OF PURE & APPLIED CHEMISTRY

CHE 1010 Tutorial Sheet 4


“Periodic Trends and Chemical Bonding”

Submit questions 2, 3, 5, 8, 10, 19 and 21 to your Tutors Offices by 16:00 on Friday 2nd May 2025

Periodic Trends

1. What is ionisation energy and what is first ionisation, second ionisation energy etc.?
Which electron is ionised first in an atom?

2. The first electron removed from an aluminum atom comes from the 3p orbital and
first ionisation energy = 580 kJ/mol. The second electron comes from the 3s orbital
and second ionisation energy = 1,815 kJ/mol. Explain why the value of first
ionisation energy of Al is far much smaller than the value of second ionisation
energy of Al.

3. The first ionization energy for phosphorus is 1060 kJ/mol, and that for sulfur is
1005 kJ/mol. Why?

4. Rank the elements Be, B, C, N, and O in order of increasing first ionization energy.
Explain your reasoning.

5. Consider atoms with the following electron configurations:


1s2 2s2 2p6
1s2 2s2 2p6 3s1
1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2
Which atom has the largest first ionization energy, and which one has the smallest
second ionization energy? Explain your choices.

6. Define the concept ‘Electron Affinity’.

7.

Given the electron affinities of some elements shown in the figure above, comment
on their negative values. What is the implication of a large negative value?
8. Nitrogen does not form a stable, isolated N-(g) ion, whereas carbon forms C-(g).
Deduce why.

9. In contrast to nitrogen, oxygen can add one electron to form the stable O-(g) ion.
How is this possible?

10. A second electron cannot be added to an oxygen atom [O-(g) + e- ↛ O2-(g)] to


form an isolated oxide ion. This is strange because there are many stable oxide
compounds (MgO, Fe2O3, and so on) that contain O2- that are known. Rationalise
why this so.

11. Predict the trend in radius for the following ions: Be2+, Mg2+, Ca2+, and Sr2+.

12. Arrange the following groups of atoms in order of increasing size.


a. Te, S, Se
b. K, Br, Ni
c. Ba, Si, F

13. Arrange the atoms in question 13 in order of increasing first ionization energy.

Chemical Bonding
14.
a) What is a dipole moment?
b)Arrange the following bonds in the order of increasing polarity: C-H, F-H, N-H,
O-H.
c)Which of the following pair of atoms are likely to form ionic bonds: B and C, Ca
and N, Te and F?
d)Predict the increasing order of electronegativity from each of the following set of
elements: F,Li, C, O and Te, Cl, S, Se
e)From the given molecules, identify the polar and non–polar ones. Give a reason
for each answer.
Molecule Polarity Reason
NCl3
SO2
BeCl2
BF3

15. Draw the Lewis structures for the following compounds:


a) PBr3 b) SF6 c) SiCl4

16. Lewis structures for three molecules are given below. Complete the table by
giving the name of the shape of each molecule.
Molecules Lewis dot Name of the
structure shape
CH2Cl2
NCl3
BF3
17. Draw the Lewis structures of the following molecules that violate the octet rule:
XeF4, PCl5, and SF6.
18. Calculate the formal charge of all atoms in the following molecule.

19. For each molecule below, draw the Lewis dot structure, the electron domain
geometry, and the molecular geometry. Then, redraw the molecular geometry
diagram and draw vectors representing the bond polarity. Draw the net vector
representing the net dipole if the molecule is polar; otherwise, write “no net vector”
if the molecule is nonpolar.
a) BF3
b) NH3

20. From the molecule below;

a) State the hybridization states of each of the labeled carbons


b) How many sigma and pi bonds are there

21. What are the possible structures of ClO3-, SO2, HNO3, and N2O? [Hint: use the
formal charge concept where necessary to determine the most valid structure]

You might also like

pFad - Phonifier reborn

Pfad - The Proxy pFad of © 2024 Garber Painting. All rights reserved.

Note: This service is not intended for secure transactions such as banking, social media, email, or purchasing. Use at your own risk. We assume no liability whatsoever for broken pages.


Alternative Proxies:

Alternative Proxy

pFad Proxy

pFad v3 Proxy

pFad v4 Proxy