Multiple Choice Questions

1. Circle all true statement(s) below:

A The echelon form of a linear system is unique.
B An echelon system with ve equaltions (all with variables) and eight variables must have three free variables.
C A linear system with two variables and and three equations cannot have a unique solution.
D The reduced echelon form of a linear system is unique.
2. Circle all false statement(s) below:
A If a set of vectors spans R3 , then the set also spans R2 .
B If {u1 , u2 } spans R2 , then so does {2u1 , 3u2 }.
C If {u1 , u2 , u3 } R3 and A =[u1 , u2 , u3 ], then Ax = b has a unique solution for every b in R3 .
D If {u1 , u2 } spans R2 , then so does {u1 , u2 , u3 }.
3. Circle all true statement(s) below:
A If a set of vectors is linearly independent in Rn , then the set also spans Rn .
B If A is a 3x3 matrix with columns that span R3 , then the columns are linearly independent .
C If 2u1 − 3u2 = 0 then {u1 , u2 } is linearly dependent.
D If the columns of A are linearly dependent, then Ax = b has innitely many solutions for every b.
4. Circle all true statement(s) below:
A The following transformation is linear.
   
x1 x1 − 2x2
T( )= √ (1)
x2 3x1 + x2

B If T(x) = Ax where A is 3x4 matrix, then T cannot be onto.

C Linear transformations are functions .
D T is onto if and only if T(x) = 0 only when x = 0.
5. Find a value of kso that the systemof equations corresponding to the following augmented matrix has innitely
2 2 −4 3
many solutions  1 3 −2 4 
−4 k 8 −6

A k = -4
B k = 4.
C k = 12
D None of the above.
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6. A linear system can have I. unique solutions II. innitely many solutions or III. no solutions. Which of the
following can happen to a system with more equations than variables?
A I
B I and II.
C I, II and III
D II and III.
7. Circle all true statement(s) below:
A If A is an nxm matrix, then A5 is dened if and only if n = m.
B If A and B have the same dimensions, then (2A − 3B)T = 2AT − 3B T .
C If A is an upper triangular 3x3 matrix and B is a lower triangular matrix, then AB is a diagonal matrix.
D The product of two elementary matrices is another elementary matrix.
8. If you know that a system of linear equations has three dierent solutions, what else can you
conclude about the system of equations?
A The system of equations is inconsistent.
B The system of equations is independent.
C The system of equations is dependent.
D The system of equations has four solutions.
9. Circle all false statement(s) below:
A If A is invertible and x is non zero, then Ax is nonzero.
B If A and B are invertible nxn matrices, then so is AB.
C If A is an upper triangular 3x3 matrix with non zero entries on the diagonal, then A has an inverse.
D If A is singular, then the system Ax = b has innitely many solutions.
10. Which of the following set(s) is (are) linearly independent?
   
 2 4 
A −5,  3 
3 −2
     
3 1 −8
B , ,
2 6 9
      
 4 2 6 −1 
−6 3 −9 −1
C  ,  ,  , 
 2  1  3   2 
−4 3 −6 0
   
 0 3 
D 0 , 6
0 2

11. Which of the following set(s) of vectors in R3 doesnot form a subspace of R3 ?

(  ( 
x a
) )
A.  y  x = 3y + 1, z = −2y, B.  b  |a| = |b|
z c

( x  ) ( a  )
C.  y  x=y=z D.  b  a+c=b
z c

Cont.
 Page 3 of 10

12. For a n × m matrix A

A. The row space of A is the subspace of Rm .
B. The row space of A is the subspace of Rn
C. The column space of A is the subspace of Rm .
D. The column space of A is the subspace of Rn

(     )
3 2 0
13. Given a subspace S = span  −1  ,  1  ,  −5  , , which of the following statements is true?
5 3 1

A. dim(S) = 2 B. dim(S) = 3
(     ) (   )
3 2 0 3 2
C.  −1  ,  1  ,  −5  is a basis. D.  −1  ,  1  is a basis.
5 3 1 5 3

14. Which of the follwoing statements are true about a 3 × 3 matrix A with the diagonalization
   
1 1 1 0 0 0 2 1 1
A =  −1 −2 0  0 −1 0   −1 −1 −1/2 
0 0 −2 0 0 −1 0 0 −1/2

A. A is invertible. B. rank(A) = 2

1
C. The coordinate vector of → −
v =  1  relative to the basis of eigenvectors associated to this
2
 
5
diagonalization is  −3 .
−1
D. The largest possible dimension for an eigenspace of A is 1.

15. Which of the following statements is/are true?

A. det(AT B) = det(B T A) B. det(A + B) = det(A)+det(B).
C. If det(A) ̸= 0, then the columns of A are linearly independent.
D If A is invertible and B is not, then AB is invertible.
16. Which of the following statements are true for a matrix A with characteristic polynomial p(λ) = (λ + 1)(λ −
2)3 (λ + 4)3 .

A. trace(A) = −7 B. det(A) = 8 C. A is not invertible

D. The largest possible dimension for an eigenspace of A is 3.

17. For An×n with det(A) ̸= 0, which of the following statement(s) is/are true:
A. rank(A) < n B. rank(A) = n

C. nullity(A) = 0 D. nullity(A) = n

Cont.
 Page 4 of 10

18. Circle all the true statment(s) below:

A. If v1 and v2 are linearly independent eigenvectors, then they must correspond to distinct eigenvalues.
B. If v1 and v2 are eigenvectors that correspond to the distinct eigenvalues then they are linearly
independent.
C. Eigenvectors associated with distinct eigenvalues must be orthogonal.
D. Every diagonalizable matrix is invertible.

19. Which of the following is/are FALSE?

A. Symmetric matrices are always diagonalizable.
B. Symmetric matrices are always invertible.
C. Eigenvectors of a symmetric matrix which come from dierent eigenspaces must be orthogonal.
D. Eigenvalues of a symmetric matrix can never be zero.
(
  )
1 1
20. Let W = span  0  ,  1  . Which of the following sets of vectors span the subspace W ⊥ ?
0 0

(    ( 0 )
−1 −1 )
A.  0  ,  −1  B.  0 
0 0 1

(     ) ( 0   0 )
1 1 1
C.  0 , 1 , 1  . D.  0  ,  0  .
0 0 1 1 −3

21. Which of the sets is orthogonal under the given inner product on C[0, π]?
Z π
< f, g >= f (x)g(x)dx
0

A. {1, sin x} B. {1, cos x} C. {sin x, cos x} D. {1, −1}

22. Let Q(x) = xT Ax be a quadratic form, with A a symmetric matrix. Which statements are always true?
A. Q is positive denite. B. A is orthogonally diagonalizable C. A is invertible.
D. Introducing a new variable by setting y = P T x allows eliminating mixed terms.

23. Which of the following sets qualify as a subspace?

( (  )
a b
A. p(x) p(x) = 1} B. a=b−c+d
c d

 
( x1 )
 x2 
C.   x1 = −3
 x3  D. {p(x) p(1) = 0}
x4

Cont.
 Page 5 of 10

24. Which of the following statement(s) is/are true for a subspace S in P 3

A. if p, q ∈ P 3 , then p + q ∈ S B. if p ∈ S, then p + p ∈ S

C. if p ∈ S, then p(x) = 0 D. if p ∈ S, then

R1
−1
p(x)dx ∈ S

 →
−
25. Let S = {→
−
v1 , →
−
v2 , →
−
v3 } be an orthogonal set in R3 with →
−
vi nonzero for i = 1, 2, 3. Let A = v1 →
− →
−
v3 .

v2
A. A is orthogonal matrix B. A is orthogonally diagonalizable

C. A is invertible D. S is a basis for R3

26. Let S = {→
−
v1 , →
−
v2 } be a linearly independent set in R3 . Which set(s) qualify as an orthogonal basis of S ?
A. {→
−
v1 , →
− →
−
v 1 v2 }
v2 − proj→
− B. {→
−
v1 , →
− →
−
v 2 v1 }
v2 − proj→
−

C. {→
−
v2 − proj→ →
− → −
v 1 v2 , v1 }
− D. {→
−
v1 , →
−
v1 − proj→
−
→
−
v1 v2 }.
 
1 ∗ ∗
27. Let A =  0 1 ∗  be an upper triangular matrix. Then
0 0 1
A. A is diagonalizable B. A is not orthogonally diagonalizable
C.A is invertible D. A−1 = AT

28. Let An×n be an orthogonal matrix. Then

A. A−1 = AT B. A = AT
C. AA = 0−matrix
T
D. pinv(A) = I

29. Let V be an inner product space and →

−
v ,→
−
w ∈ V . Then
A. < →
−
v ,→
−
v >= 0 B. < →
−
v ,→
−
w >∈ R

C. 5(< →
−
v ,→
−
w >) =< 5→
−
v , 5→
−
w > D. 4(< →
−
v ,→
−
v >) =< 2→
−
v , 2→
−
v >.

 
x
30. Given the quadratic form Q(x, y) = 16x2 + 9y 2 − 4xy . Find A so that Q(x, y) = (x, y)A .
y
   
8 2 16 4
A. A = B. A =
2 3 −4 9

   
16 2 16 −2
C. A = D. A =
−4 9 −2 9

Cont.
 Page 6 of 10

31. Given a matrix A and its characteristic polynomial p(λ) = λ(λ − 2)(λ + 4).
(a) The matrix A(circle the correct choice) WILL BE / CANNOT BE / MIGHT OR MIGHT NOT BE one-
to-one.

(b) Is A invertible? Circle your answer: YES NO unknown

(c) Is A diagonalizable? Circle your answer: YES NO unknown

(d) Is A symmetric? Circle your answer: YES NO unknown

Cont.
 Page 7 of 10

Fill in the Blank Questions

1. The dimensions of an augmented matrix is 4x6. The corresponding system of linear equations has
variables and equations.
2. The inverse of the linear transformation below is
   
x1 3x1 + 2x2
T( )= (2)
x2 5x1 + 3x2

3. Give example of a 3x3 matrix A with non zero entries such that tr(A)= 0
4. A square matrix is skew symmetric if AT = −A. Give an example of a 3x3 skew symmetric matrix

5. The following transformation is called a projection transformation.

 
x1  
x
T ( x2 ) = 1
  (3)
x2
x3

Find the matrix A such that T(x) = Ax

Cont.
 Page 8 of 10

True or False Questions

1. Mark whether the following statements are True or False (no justication needed):

T/F An n x n matrix with n distinct eigenvectors is diagonalizable.

T/F Any n x n matrix with n distinct eigenvalues can always be orthogonally diagonalized.
T/F Any invertible matrix can be diagonalized.
T/F An orthogonal matrix ist symmetric.
T/F To nd S ⊥ to a given set S we use the Gram-Schmidt algorithm.

2. T/F If a linear system has four equations and seven variables, then it must have innitely many solutions.

3. T/F If a linear system has seven equations and four variables, then it must be inconsistent.

4. T/F If a linear system has the same number of equations and variables, then it must have a unique solution.

5. T/F If m < n, then a set of m vectors cannot span Rn .

6. T/F If a set of vectors includes 0, then it is not a basis.

7. T/F Suppose A is a n × m matrix. If n < m, then the columns of A span Rn .

8. T/F If A is a matrix with columns that span Rn , then Ax = b has a solution for all b in Rn .

9. T/F If u4 is a linear combination of {u1 , u2 , u3 }, then span{u1 , u2 , u3 , u4 } = span{u1 , u2 , u3 }.

10. T/F If a set of vectors in Rn is linearly independent, then the set must span Rn .

11. T/F If A is an invertible n × n matrix, then the number of solutions to Ax = b depends on the vector b in
Rn .

12. T/F If An×n is singular, then the columns of A must be linearly independent.

13. T/F Elementary operations of rows of matrices aect the linear independence of these row vectors.

14. T/F For any square matrices A, B we have (AB)−1 = B −1 A−1 .

15. T/F If A is an n × n matrix and b ̸= 0 is in Rn , then the solutions to Ax = b do not form a subspace.

16. T/F Let T : R3 -> R9 be a linear transformation. Then range(T) is the codomain R9 .

17. T/F Let T : R9 -> R3 be a linear transformation. Then range(T) is the codomain R3 .

Cont.
 Page 9 of 10

18. T/F The union of two subspaces of Rn forms another subspace of Rn .

19. T/F If S = span{u1, u2, u3}, then dim(S ) = 3.

20. T/F The set 0 forms a basis for the zero subspace.

21. T/F The set { } forms a subspace but has no basis.

22. T/F If A is a n × m matrix, then the dimension of the row space of A is equal to the dimension of the column
space of A.

23. T/F If A is a square matrix, then row(A) = col(A).

24. T/F Suppose that A is a 29×13 matrix then we know that no more than 13 rows can be linearly independent.

25. T/F Suppose that A is a 9 × 5 matrix, and that T (x) = Ax is a linear transformation. Then T can be
one-to-one.

26. T/F Suppose that A is a 4 × 4 matrix and that det(A) = 5, then nullity(A)=0.

27. T/F If A is a n × n matrix with all entries equal to 1, then det(A) = n.

28. T/F If A is a n × n matrix with all entries equal to 1, then λ = 1 is the only eigenvalue with multiplicity n.

29. T/F Let A be a diagonalizable matrix with the diagonal matrix D, and invertible matrix P , then det(A) =
det(D).

30. T/F Cramer's rule can be used to nd the solution to any system that has the same number of equations as
unknowns.

31. T/F An eigenvalue must be nonzero, but an eigenvector u can be equal to the zero vector.

32. T/F The dimension of an eigenspace is always less than or equal to the multiplicity of the associated
eigenvalue.

33. T/F If λ1 and λ2 are eigenvalues of a matrix, then so is λ1 + λ2 .

34. T/F If A has eigenvalue zero, then A is not invertible.

35. T/F If A is a diagonalizable n × n matrix, then rank(A) = n.

36. T/F Suppose that A is a 3 × 3 matrix with the characteristic polynomial p(λ) = λ3 + 4λ2 − 10λ + 7 then we
know that A is not invertible.

37. T/F If {v1 , · · · , vk } is a basis for a vector space V , then so is {cv1 , · · · , cvk }, where c is a scalar.

Cont.
 Page 10 of 10

38. T/F If ||u − v|| = 3, then the distance between 2u and 2v is 6.

39. T/F If u is in R5 and S is a 3-dimensional subspace of R5 , then projS u is in R3 .

40. T/F If S = span{v1 , v2 }, v1 , v2 linearly independent, then {v1, v2 − projv2 v1 } is orthogonal basis for S .

41. T/F If u and v are orthogonal, then projv u = 0.

42. T/F If C1 is the change of basis matrix from B1 to B2 and C2 the change of basis matrix from B2 to B3 then
C1 C2 is the change of basis matrix from B1 to B3 .

43. T/F Linear Algebra was fun and I learned a lot.

The End.