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ch 1 determiners

The document outlines various types of determiners in English, including articles, possessives, demonstratives, quantifiers, numbers, distributives, pre-determiners, and interrogatives. It explains the usage and examples of each type, particularly focusing on articles (indefinite and definite) and their specific applications. Additionally, it provides guidelines on when to omit articles and the functions of different determiners in sentences.

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4 views

ch 1 determiners

The document outlines various types of determiners in English, including articles, possessives, demonstratives, quantifiers, numbers, distributives, pre-determiners, and interrogatives. It explains the usage and examples of each type, particularly focusing on articles (indefinite and definite) and their specific applications. Additionally, it provides guidelines on when to omit articles and the functions of different determiners in sentences.

Uploaded by

sunita06gopal
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Chapter - 1

Types of Determiners :

determiner examples
1. Article a,an,the
2.Possessives my,his,her.your,our
3.Demonstrative this,that,these,those
4.Distributives enough,each,other,another,most
5.Quantifiers few,little,may,most,some
6.Numbers one,two,first,second
7.Interrogatives whose,which,what
8.Pre-determiners all,both,such,so,just
ARTICLES :

1). articles a , an and the are also determiners and are used to
refer to nouns. A and an are indefinite article
2). articles are placed before a noun but if there is an adjective
before the noun , the article is placed before the adjective
:example:
: a bull : a sweet mango : a crinkly book
Indefinite articles :
~a and an are indefinite articles. they are generally
used with single units of countable nouns.
• examples - a city , a store , an apple , a book etc.
~a is used with single countable noun beginning with
a constant sound .
• example - 1) I watched a movie. 2) They sold a refrigerator.
~an is used with single countable noun beginning
with a vowel sound .
example - 1) they came here an hour ago.
~sometimes an abstract noun may also be
accompained with a or an
example - he played a childish prank
Definite articles :
• The is the difinite article . it is used with both singular and
plural noun . it is also used with both countable and
uncountable noun .
• example: 1) the womens 2) the vedas 3) the grain
.Other uses of the :
• to specify a noun.
q example - The nest on the tree was built by the little bird.
• Use before a noun that has already been mentioned.
qI read a book yesterday . The book was very captivating .
• Used before an adjective when it represents a ‘class’ or is used
as a noun .
qWe should help the needy .
• Used before superlatives and ordinals .
qThe first position was secured by Kaira.
• Used before unique objects or groups of objects .
qThe tropic if capricon .
qThe planets and universe .
• Used before the names of geographical areas and oceans .
qI had a chance to see the Shara Desert last year .
• Used before the commom noun like park, theater:
qMy mother loves the park .
• Used before the names of holy books , abbreviations etc.
qDid you read The Indian Express today.
• Used with expression like -
qBananas are sold by the dozens.
Omission of articles:
vProper Noun : Aarya is the monitor of the class .
vPlural Noun :(when they denote a class): Horses gallop.
vAbstract Noun : Honesty earns eternal reputation.
vNames of games : Hockey is becoming more popular these days .
vLanguage and branchess of knowLedge : English is a very
common language.
vName of meals : Would you like to have some dinner?
vName of disease : Oh! My friend is suffering from malaria.
v Name of days , months and seasons : My garden looks preety
during spring.
vMaterial noun : Silver is cheaper than gold.
Demonstratives :
• This , that , these and those are called demonstratives . They
usually point towards something or someone .
§ Example : This computer is mine and that computer is yours.
qUse of this/these :
üThis is used to refer to singular nouns that are near the speaker
and these is used for plural nouns that are close to the speaker.
§ Example : I would like to buy these books.
qUse of that/those :
üThat is used to refer to singular nouns that are far away and
those ise used for plural nouns that are far away .
§ Example :That plant is very tall and beautiful .
Possessives:

• Possessives show that a thing or a person belongs


to something or someone. My , our , their , his ,
her and its are possessives
Quantifiers:

• Quantifiers determine the amount or number of nouns. Some


examples of quantifiers are some , any , much , many ,
several , a lot of , little , a little , the littlr, few , a few , the few .
vSOME is used in affirmative or interrogative sentences.
ØExample : Would you like some coffee ?
vANY is used with negative and interrogative sentences.it is
alsonused with scarely , barely , etc.
ØExample : I haven’t got any idea right now.
vMUCH is used with uncountable nouns to convey the idea of ‘a
lot of’.
ØExample : Much needs to be accomplished before the weekend.
vMany is used with countable nouns and generally refers to
numbers.
ØExample : There are many trees in the garden.
vSeveral is used to refer to a number of people or thing that are
more than two or three , but not to many . it is used with
countable noun .
ØExample : The effect of the heat stroke lasted for several days ,
reported doctors.
vA lot of is used to refer to a large amount or number of things or
people. it is used with both countable and uncountable nouns.
Ø Example : A lot of people accepted their invitation .
vLittle , a little and the little denote quantity and are used before
uncountable nouns.
ØExample : There’sa little sugar left in the pot .
vFew , a few , the few denote number and are used before plural
countable nouns .
ØExample : I bought a few caps for the children at the orphanage.
Numbers or numeals:

§ Numbers are used to express the quantity or


sequence when they are added before nouns. they
can be cardinal (one , two , three) or ordinal
(first , second , third).
vEXAMPLES :
i. I ordered two new shirts from the new outlet of cantabil .
ii. Kavya won the first prize while i did not stand any chance.
Distributives:
q Distributives generally refer to the group or an individual with in a group .
vEach , every , either , neither are example of distributives.
i. EACH is used to refer to individuals in a group; it also lays emphasis on
each individual.
EXAMPLE : Each student was given a diffrent worksheet to solve.
ii. EVERY is used to determine the group as a unit and does not emphasize
each individual.
EXAMPLE : Every animal must be cared for.
iii. EITHER is used to express the idea ‘any one of the two’.
EXAMPLE : You can either read or write.
iv. NEITHER is used to express the idea ‘not one and not the other’.
EXAMPLE : Neither of my friends could help me in need.
Pre - determiners:
• These are mainly used to refer to quantity. all , both , such ,
so , just , only , once , double and one - third (fractions), are
example of pre-determiners
EXAMPLE :
i. One-fouth of the cake would do for my family.
ii. I gave away both the machines for repair
Interrogatives:
• Determiners which are used to ask questions are called
interrogatives. they can be used before any kind of nouns.
what , which , whose , how much and how many are
interrogatives.
EXAMPLE :
i. How many books you have purcased?
ii. Which kurti do you like more ?

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