.…BLM 5–13.

…
Chapter 5 BLM Answers

BLM 5–1 Chapter 5 Math Link Introduction b) (–3) + (+7) = +4

1.
Step Arithmetic Algebra
Step 1 Mark is 14. If n = tens digit,
y = ones digit,
then age is 10n +
y. c) (+1) + (+4) = +5
Step 2 1×5=5 5n
Step 3 5+3=8 5n + 3
Step 4 2 × 8 = 16 2(5n + 3)
Step 5 16 + 4 = 20 2(5n + 3) + y
Step 6 20 – 6 = 14 2(5n + 3) + y – 6
d) (–3) + (–2) = –5
a) 14 c) Example: This trick works because the tens
digit of the person’s age is multiplied by 10. Then,
the ones digit is added. The same number is added
and subtracted; therefore, no change is made to the
number.
2. a) 3 b) 7 c) 5; 7 d) 6; 7 e) They all add up to 7. 2. a) (–2) + (+5) = +3
3. a) 3; 6; 14 b) Example: roll a 3 and 5. b) (–1) + (–2) = –3
bottom: 4; 2; sum: 14; The sum of the four numbers 3. a) +5 or 5 b) –4 c) –13 d) +2 or 2
is always 14. 4. a) (+3) – (–1) = (+3) + (+1) = +4 or 4
4. Step 3: 3; 6; 47; Step 4: Subtract 14 from the b) (–3) – (+2) = (–3) + (–2) = –5
answer in step 3. c) 5 – (+2) = 5 + (–2) = +3 or 3
5. Example: d) 2 – (–8) = 2 + (+8) = +10 or 10
Step Arithmetic Algebra 5.
Step 1 Pick Numerical
The number is 12. The number = n
a number.
Coefficient Variable Constant
Step 2
Double the 2 × 12 2n
a) 2 x –7
number. b) –3 b +5 or 5
Step 3 c) 1 t –4
2 × 12 + 9 2n + 9
Add 9. d) –6 r +3 or 3
Step 4 (2 × 12 + 9) – 3 6. a) s – 5, where s is Sarah’s age
2n + 9 – 3 = 2n + 6
Subtract 3. = 30 b) 2l – 3, where l is the length
Step 5 (2 × 12 + 9) − 3 (2 x + 6) c) p + 14, where p is the perimeter of the
Divide by 2. = 15
2 2
1 n
triangle. d) n or , where n is the number
Step 6 (2 × 12 + 9) − 3 (2n + 6) 2 2
Subtract − 12 = 3 − n = 3 of tickets they expected to sell.
the original 2 2 7. a) p + p + p + p or 4p is the perimeter of
number. a square with sides of length p b) length of
b) Step 1 and 6, 2 and 5 are opposite operations. rectangle is 8 more than its width, or length is
Together, these steps result in 0. No matter what increased by 8 over its width, or length is 8
number is chosen, steps 3 and 4 produce an answer larger than the width.
of 6, which is divided by two in step 5, resulting in 3.
BLM 5–3 Chapter 5 Warm-Up
BLM 5–2 Chapter 5 Get Ready
Section 5.1
1. a) (+5) + (–2) = +3 1.

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 .…BLM 5–13.…
(continued)
2. 2.8 m BLM 5–6 Section 5.1 Math Link
3. AB = DF, DE = AC, BC = FE, ∠A = ∠D, ∠B = ∠ F, 1. a)
∠C = ∠E Cost
2.5 1.2 2.2 per Number
4. Yes, they are similar because = = .
12.5 6.0 11.0 Item Item of Items Total
5. Example: I ensured that the ratio for all like sides blender $23 2 $46
on the two figures was the same. coffeemaker $27 2 $54
6. 60 7. 41 8. –0.6 9. 6.2 10. –3 Total $100
b)
Section 5.2 Cost Number
1. reduced; 40 2. 10.7 cm 3. a trinomial per of
4. Example: xn or x2 5. –x2 + 3x – 5 6. –2 Item Item Items Total
7. 6 8. –7 9. 7 + (–5) = 2 10. a letter such as x soccer ball $13 4 $52
drum $40 1 $40
Section 5.3 books $8 1 $8
1. one Total $100
2. –3x + 4, binomial 2. a) (4 × 17) + (4 × 8) = 100; (1 × 27) +
3. Coefficient is 5; variable is m (1 × 23) + (2 × 17) + (2 × 8) = 100
4. Striped shapes are positive and white shapes are b) 4s + 4b = 100; c + r + 2w + 2b = 100
negative. 3. Example: two soccer balls,
2 stopwatches, and 1 drum
4. 2r + 2c = 100; 4s + 1d + 1b = 100
5. 13 + 23 + 17 + 8 + 27 = 88
6. No, because the total of all six items
is $128.
5. –x2 + 4x – 10 6. 4 + (–15)
BLM 5–7 Section 5.2 Extra Practice
7. (–13) + (–2) 8. +16, or 16
9. +4x, or 4x 10. –3x + 5 1. a) i) –1 ii) 1 b) i) 4 ii) 1 c) i) no
coefficient ii) 0 d) i) –8 ii) 2 e) i) 1 ii) 1
BLM 5–4 Chapter 5 Problems of the Week f) i) –1 ii) 1
1. The sum is 43. Since each number increases by 7, 2. B, F, E, A, D, C
b = 11, and c = 18, so their sum is 29. 3. a) 4x, –x b) 6, –2.5, –0.1
2. a) One is twice the other. c) a, 7a, 1.5a d) f 2, –6f 2
b) If x = 1, the difference is 3. 3
e) 6st, st , –st f) –0.6p2, –p2, 10p2
3. 4 dimes, 2 nickels, and 20 pennies 4
4. 2t2, where t is the triangular number 2
1 g) 0.5jk, –jk, 6jk h) , 0.12, 9
5. The distance travelled will be the distance on 5
6 4. a)2m2 + 3m –6 b) –8k2 + k + 8
5 c) 2c d) 12n + 6 e) b2 – 14b f) 7w
Earth in the same time. Distance = t 2 . The Earth’s
6 g) –8a – 8 h) –8s2 + 10s – 2
version’s constant is 6 times the moon’s. 5. a)
BLM 5–5 Section 5.1 Extra Practice
1. a) i) 1 ii) monomial b) i) 3 ii) trinomial
c) i) 2 ii) binomial d) i) 2 ii) binomial
e) i) 1 ii) monomial f) i) 3 ii) trinomial b) P = w + (w + 7) + w + (w + 7)
2. Monomials: 3y, x2 c) 4w + 14
Binomials: c + d, –7e2 – 4f 6. a) p = 8n – 440 b) 8n = 440, n = 55. It
Trinomials: m2 – n – 8, 4z2 –y2 – 6 breaks even after selling 55 yearbooks.
Polynomials: a2 – 3n – 6a –5n2, a + 2b – 2c – 3d
3. a) i) 1 ii) monomial b) i) 3 ii) trinomial BLM 5–8 Section 5.2 Math Link
c) i) 2 ii) binomial d) i) 3 ii) trinomial 1. a) No; It means that the terms with
e) i)1 ii) monomial f) i) 2 ii) binomial variables that appear earliest in the alphabet
4. a) 1 b) 2 c) 1 d) 2 e) 2 f) 2 appear first in the algebraic expression;
5. a) i) 1 ii) 3 b) i) 2 ii) 3 c) i) 1 ii) 2 2a + 2f b) c + 4d + e
d) i) 2 ii) 1 e) i) 0 ii) 1 f) i) 2 ii) 4 2. a) 4b + 4c, a + 2b + 2c + f
6. a) –x + 3 b) x2 + x – 2 b) Examples: b + 2c + d + 2f, 2b + 2d + e,
c) –2x2 – 3x + 4 d) 2x2 – 5 a + 3b + 2d, 2b + 3d + f
7. a) 3 b) 3 c) –4 d) 2 e) 2 f) –8 3. 5b; d + f

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 .…BLM 5–13.…
(continued)
4. BLM 5–10 Section 5.3 Math Link
Algebraic Substitute 1.
Combination Expression Into
Step Arithmetic Algebra
Equal to e Equal to e e + c + 4d Simplified
Step 1 Pick a
5 books 5b 5b + c + 4d 5b + c + 4d 12 n
number.
1 soccer ball
(d + f) + c + Step 2 Add 5. 12 + 5 = 17 n+5
and d+f c + 5d + f
4d Step 3 Double 2 × (12 + 5)
1 coffeemaker 2(n + 5)
the sum. = 34
5. Example: Find an expression that adds up to 101, Step 4 2 × (12 + 5) 2(n + 5)
and replace some variables with their equivalents as Subtract 10. – 10 = 24 – 10
done in #4. Then, combine like terms to obtain new Step 5 Answer to
expressions. Determine the Step 4, 24, 2(n + 5) − 10
BLM 5–9 Section 5.3 Extra Practice original divided by 2
2
number. = 12
1. a) 3x2 + x2 – 2x + x, 4x2 – x
2.
b) 4n2 – n2 – 2n + 5n – 4, 3n2 + 3n – 4
c) 3r2 + 7r – 8 – 11, 3r2 + 7r – 19 Step Arithmetic Algebra
1. Pick a number. 6 n
d) 2b2 – 2b2 – 8b + 11b, 3b
2. Multiply by 2. 2 ×6 2n
e) 7t2 – 2t2 – 6t + 6t + 9 – 5, 5t2 + 4
3. Add 9. (2 × 6) + 9 2n + 9
f) –14k + 8k – 10 – 23, –6k – 33 4. Subtract 3. (2 × 6) + 6 (2n + 9) – 3
2. a) 5. Divide by 2. (2 × 6) + 6 ( 2n + 9 ) − 3
2 2
6. The answer is 3. (2 × 6) + 6
–6 ( 2n + 9 ) − 3 –n
Subtract the
2 2
original number.)
–2x + 3
BLM 5–11 Chapter 5 Test
b)
1. A 2. C 3. B 4. B
5. 0 6. 1 7. x 8. –3x2 + x – 2
9. a) B b) D c) A d) C
10. Striped shapes are positive.
x2+3x
3. a) –6a b) 3c2 + 9
c) –d2 + 8d – 2 d) –6w2 – 4w + 0.8
4. a) (5a – 4) + (–3a + 2), 5a – 3a – 4 + 2,
2a – 2 x2 + 2x + 3
b) (7 – 6r) + (–3 – r), –6r – r + 7 – 3, –7r + 4 11. a) 12.5n, where n represents the number
c) (6y2 – 2y) + (y2 + 3y), 6y2 + y2 – 2y + 3y, of people
7y2 + y b) 50 + 5n c) 17.5n + 50 d) $155
d) (8 – 5t) + (9 + 4t),–5t + 4t + 8 + 9, –t + 17
e) (h – 1) + (–3h2 – 7), –3h2 + h – 1 – 7, BLM 5–12 Chapter 5 Math Link:
–3h2 + h – 8 Wrap It Up!
f) (4k2 – 6k + 1) + (2k2 – 5), 1. a) 236; 396; 96; 3 b) The middle digit
4k2 + 2k2 – 6k + 1 – 5, 6k2 – 6k – 4 is the sum of the other two. The middle digit
5. a) (x – 2) + (2x – 6) + (3x – 9) is 9. The other two digits have a sum of 9.
b) (6 – 2) + [2(6) – 6] + [3(6) – 9] = 19 2. Example:
c) x + 2x + 3x – 2 – 6 – 9 = 6x – 17 Step Arithmetic Algebra
d) 6(6) – 17 = 19
Step 1 Pick a number. 11 n

Step 2 Double it. 22 2n

Step 3 Add 9. 31 2n + 9

Step 4 Add the number

42 3n + 9
you started with.

Step 5 Divide by 3. 14 n+3

Step 6 Add 4. 18 n+7

Step 7 Subtract the

7 7
number you started with.

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