Hach Flometer
Hach Flometer
80210
FH950
04/2014, Edition 4
User Manual
Table of Contents
Specifications ..............................................................................................................3
Sensor specifications ...................................................................................................3
Portable meter specifications ....................................................................................... 3
User interface specifications ........................................................................................4
General specifications .................................................................................................4
General information ..................................................................................................4
Safety information ........................................................................................................5
Use of hazard information ....................................................................................5
Precautionary labels ............................................................................................5
Certification ........................................................................................................... 5
Product overview .........................................................................................................6
System overview ..................................................................................................6
Sensor overview ...................................................................................................7
Meter overview .....................................................................................................8
Product components ....................................................................................................8
Installation .....................................................................................................................9
Installation with optional accessories ........................................................................... 9
Install the sensor on the universal sensor mount ........................................................ 9
Connect the sensor to the meter ...............................................................................10
Attach the lanyard ......................................................................................................10
Attach the velcro strap ...............................................................................................11
User interface and navigation ............................................................................11
Keypad and key functions .......................................................................................... 11
Status bar ..................................................................................................................12
Navigation and Main Menu .......................................................................................13
Startup and self-test ...............................................................................................17
Sleep mode ................................................................................................................ 17
Operation .....................................................................................................................18
Stream profiles ........................................................................................................... 18
Stations and station spacing ............................................................................... 18
Measure velocity ................................................................................................. 18
Measure velocities in a cross-section .......................................................... 19
Insert or delete a station ..............................................................................21
Conduit profiles ..........................................................................................................22
0.9 x Vmax measurement method ...................................................................... 22
0.2/0.4/0.8 method .............................................................................................. 22
Velocity/Level Integration measurement method ............................................... 23
2D measurement method ...................................................................................24
Download data ...........................................................................................................25
Delete data files ..................................................................................................25
Maintenance ...............................................................................................................25
Download the PVM utility ...........................................................................................25
Update the firmware ..................................................................................................25
Clean the sensor ........................................................................................................ 26
Clean the meter .........................................................................................................27
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Table of Contents
Install or replace the battery ......................................................................................27
Charge the battery .....................................................................................................28
Troubleshooting .......................................................................................................28
Diagnostics ................................................................................................................28
Troubleshoot errors ...................................................................................................29
Replacement parts and accessories ............................................................... 29
Appendix ......................................................................................................................31
Mean-section and Mid-section methods ....................................................................31
Profiles and measurements .......................................................................................32
Site selection .............................................................................................................33
Do a velocity calibration .............................................................................................33
Wet/Dry threshold ......................................................................................................33
2
Specifications
Specifications are subject to change without notice.
Sensor specifications
Specification Details
Velocity measurement
Method Electromagnetic
Accuracy ±2% of reading ±0.015 m/s (±0.05 ft/s) 0 to 3.04 m/s (0 to 10 ft/s); ± 4% of reading from
3.04 to 4.87 m/s (10 to 16 ft/s)
Resolution 0.01 value < 100; 0.1 value < 1000; 1.0 value ≥ 1000
Cable lengths 1.5, 6.1, 12.2 and 30.5 m (5, 20, 40 and 100 ft)
Depth measurement
Accuracy (static) The larger of ± 2% of reading or ± 0.015 m (± 0.504 inches). Steady state temperature
and static non-flowing water.
Resolution 0.01 value < 100; 0.1 value < 1000; 1.0 value ≥ 1000
Pollution degree 2
Protection class II
Battery charger External Class III power adapter 100–240 VAC, 50–60 Hz, 0.3 A input; 12 VDC, 1.0 A
output
English 3
Specification Details
Graphics display Color, LCD 3.5" QVGA transflective (readable in direct sunlight)
Measurement resolution 0.01 value < 100; 0.1 value < 1000; 1.0 value ≥ 1000
Keypad Alpha-numeric
Conduit shapes Circular, rectangular, trapezoidal, 2/3 egg, inverted 2/3 egg
Flow: ft3/sec, million gal/day, gal/day, gal/min, m3/s, m3/min, m3/hour, m3/day, liters/s,
liters/min
Conduit profiling methods 0.9 x Vmax, 0.2/0.4/0.8, velocity and level integrator, 2D
Stream profiling methods 1, 2, 3, 5 and 6 point (velocity method - USGS and ISO)
Languages English, French, Spanish, German, Italian, Dutch, Danish, Swedish, Chinese, Polish,
Japanese, Korean, Portuguese, Slovak, Russian, Hungarian, Bulgarian, Romanian,
Czech, Turkish, Finnish, Greek
General specifications
Specification Details
Maximum number of real-time files Three each with up to 75 readings captured by the user.
Firmware The sensor and portable meter are field upgradeable via USB
General information
In no event will the manufacturer be liable for direct, indirect, special, incidental or consequential
damages resulting from any defect or omission in this manual. The manufacturer reserves the right to
make changes in this manual and the products it describes at any time, without notice or obligation.
Revised editions are found on the manufacturer’s website.
4 English
Safety information
NOTICE
The manufacturer is not responsible for any damages due to misapplication or misuse of this product including,
without limitation, direct, incidental and consequential damages, and disclaims such damages to the full extent
permitted under applicable law. The user is solely responsible to identify critical application risks and install
appropriate mechanisms to protect processes during a possible equipment malfunction.
Please read this entire manual before unpacking, setting up or operating this equipment. Pay
attention to all danger and caution statements. Failure to do so could result in serious injury to the
operator or damage to the equipment.
Make sure that the protection provided by this equipment is not impaired. Do not use or install this
equipment in any manner other than that specified in this manual.
Use of hazard information
DANGER
Indicates a potentially or imminently hazardous situation which, if not avoided, will result in death or serious injury.
WARNING
Indicates a potentially or imminently hazardous situation which, if not avoided, could result in death or serious
injury.
CAUTION
Indicates a potentially hazardous situation that may result in minor or moderate injury.
NOTICE
Indicates a situation which, if not avoided, may cause damage to the instrument. Information that requires special
emphasis.
Precautionary labels
Read all labels and tags attached to the instrument. Personal injury or damage to the instrument
could occur if not observed. A symbol on the instrument is referenced in the manual with a
precautionary statement.
This is the safety alert symbol. Obey all safety messages that follow this symbol to avoid potential
injury. If on the instrument, refer to the instruction manual for operation or safety information.
This symbol indicates the presence of devices sensitive to Electro-static Discharge (ESD) and
indicates that care must be taken to prevent damage with the equipment.
Electrical equipment marked with this symbol may not be disposed of in European domestic or public
disposal systems. Return old or end-of-life equipment to the manufacturer for disposal at no charge to
the user.
Certification
Canadian Radio Interference-Causing Equipment Regulation, IECS-003, Class A:
Supporting test records reside with the manufacturer.
This Class A digital apparatus meets all requirements of the Canadian Interference-Causing
Equipment Regulations.
Cet appareil numérique de classe A répond à toutes les exigences de la réglementation canadienne
sur les équipements provoquant des interférences.
FCC Part 15, Class "A" Limits
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Supporting test records reside with the manufacturer. The device complies with Part 15 of the FCC
Rules. Operation is subject to the following conditions:
Changes or modifications to this equipment not expressly approved by the party responsible for
compliance could void the user's authority to operate the equipment. This equipment has been tested
and found to comply with the limits for a Class A digital device, pursuant to Part 15 of the FCC rules.
These limits are designed to provide reasonable protection against harmful interference when the
equipment is operated in a commercial environment. This equipment generates, uses and can
radiate radio frequency energy and, if not installed and used in accordance with the instruction
manual, may cause harmful interference to radio communications. Operation of this equipment in a
residential area is likely to cause harmful interference, in which case the user will be required to
correct the interference at their expense. The following techniques can be used to reduce
interference problems:
1. Disconnect the equipment from its power source to verify that it is or is not the source of the
interference.
2. If the equipment is connected to the same outlet as the device experiencing interference, connect
the equipment to a different outlet.
3. Move the equipment away from the device receiving the interference.
4. Reposition the receiving antenna for the device receiving the interference.
5. Try combinations of the above.
Product overview
The portable velocity system is used in the field, laboratory and municipalities. Turbulent, noisy and
low flows can be measured with this system.
The meter and sensor get velocity information in conduits and streams. These measurements are
important for calibration in municipal wastewater industries, as well as for environmental-impact
evaluations.
Two types of sensor are available: velocity-only and velocity plus depth. This manual covers both
types of sensors. If information applies to a specified type of sensor, this fact is noted in the text.
System overview
An overview of the assembled system is shown in Figure 1. Refer to the documentation supplied with
the individual components or accessories for more information.
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Figure 1 Assembled components
Sensor overview
Figure 2 shows the main sensor components. Instructions for how to attach the sensor on a standard
or top-setting wading rod are supplied with the accessory.
English 7
Figure 2 Sensor components
Meter overview
Figure 3 shows the features of the meter.
Product components
When purchasing a complete system, refer to Figure 4 to make sure that all components have been
received. If any of these items are missing or damaged, contact the manufacturer or a sales
representative immediately.
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Figure 4 System components
1 Carrying case (with slot for sensor cable) 7 Cloth to dry the sensor
2 USB communication cable 8 Universal sensor mount
3 Adjustable portable meter mount 9 Velcro strap
4 Wall charger and universal plug kit 10 Lanyard
5 Sensor 11 Portable meter
6 Extra thumb screws (4x) 12 Sensor as connected to meter inside case
Installation
Installation with optional accessories
Mount the meter on an optional wading rod for use in low-stage stream environments where the
stream can be waded. Optional accessories let the user take measurements from a bridge or cable
over a stream. A torpedo shaped weight attached below the sensor keeps the sensor in place when
under water. For more information, refer to the documentation supplied with the accessory.
1. The front part of the sensor is round and contains three electrodes. The sensor has a mounting
hole in back and a thumbscrew on top. Put the mounting shaft of the universal mount in the
mounting hole at the back of the sensor. Make sure that the mounting shaft is completely
engaged with the mounting hole and the thumbscrew is engaged with the groove.
2. Hand tighten the thumbscrew.
3. Move a pole 1 inch or less in diameter through the clamp of the universal sensor mount. Tighten
the clamp.
Note: Instructions for how to mount the sensor on a standard or top setting wading rod are supplied with the
accessory.
English 9
Connect the sensor to the meter
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Attach the velcro strap
Use the velcro strap to hold the extra cable. Refer to Figure 5.
English 11
Figure 6 Keypad
Up and Down arrows Moves up or down in the display. If the cursor is at the top or bottom of the display, the
cursor wraps to the bottom or top when the UP or DOWN arrow is pushed.
Quick Jump In normal operation, this key jumps to the Select conduit shape screen.
If the auto-zero feature is disabled, hold this key for five seconds to do a manual zero of
the depth sensor.
In Real-Time mode, the Quick Jump key toggles between the digital and graph views.
Right and Left arrows Moves to the right or left in the display.
Main Menu Moves to the Main Menu from any submenu or screen.
Underscore or decimal Puts in an underscore or decimal character. In numeric-only fields, this key automatically
puts a decimal point in the cursor position.
Alpha-numeric Puts in the key alpha or numeric value. Values are put in the order shown on the key.
After 2 seconds, the value shown in the display is stored and the cursor advances.
Status bar
A status bar is shown in the top of the display. Descriptions of the information in the status bar are
given in Table 2.
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Table 2 Status bar indicators
Indicator Description
USB Shows when a USB cable is connected. If a USB cable is connected and this indicator
does not show in the status bar, the USB cable is not fully engaged. Make sure that the
USB cable is pushed in completely and makes full contact with the connection port.
Conductivity If the sensor is out of the water and non-conductive, a blue ring appears next to the
battery icon. If the sensor is in the water and conductive, the indicator is a solid blue
circle.
Auto zero depth If the depth sensor was zeroed in the last 30 minutes, a solid green circle shows next to
indicator the Conductivity indicator. If the depth sensor was not zeroed in the last 30 minutes,
this indicator flashes red.
1. Real time—Select this option to get real-time velocity and depth information. (A sensor with
depth capability is necessary to read depth). An example of a Real Time screen for sensors with
velocity only is shown in Figure 7. Real time screens for sensors with both velocity and depth is
shown in . The format of the information and options shown depends on the type of sensor used.
In Real Time mode, the Quick Jump key toggles between digital and graphic views of Real Time
information. The velocity is updated in FPA filter mode according to fixed period averaging time.
In RC filter mode, the velocity is updated continuously on the screen every 250 ms.
Option Description
Capture Stores the depth and velocity information shown in memory. The information is saved until
power is cycled, the memory is saved to a non-volatile real-time file, or the user exits from real-
time mode.
Save Saves captured measurements in the volatile memory to a non-volatile real-time file. A
message will show if the number of files is greater than the maximum possible. Files are
stored in tab delimited (.tsv) format.
Done or OK Exits the real-time mode and returns to the Main Menu. If there is unsaved data in volatile
memory, a confirmation message asks the user to confirm the exit without saving the data.
Clear Clears captured measurements from the volatile memory buffer. The user can choose from
Clear Last, Clear All or Cancel options.
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Option Description
Setup Allows the user to modify the main filter parameters and enable and program the Maximum
Depth sensor positioning feature. The Maximum depth feature allows a user to enter system
parameters for depth measurement in Real Time mode. The user can choose to enter a
maximum depth value taken directly with a ruler measurement (manual), or taken indirectly
with the depth measurement (automatic). Both methods enable the Maximum Depth sensor
positioning feature.
In automatic mode setup, the user directly enters the distance from the bottom of the channel
to the bottom of the sensor mount (offset). The setup interface will continuously show the
current depth value returned by the sensor plus the offset. The meter stores this value as the
Maximum Depth when the OK button is pushed. In all other cases, the depth values shown do
not include the offset.
The Maximum depth feature requires a sensor with velocity plus depth.
Files or Shows a summary of each real-time file stored in non-volatile memory. Files can be
View individually viewed and deleted.
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Figure 8 Real time screen for sensor with depth
2. Profiler— Select this option to do stream or conduit velocity measurements. The meter shows
prompts when user input is necessary. The meter saves up to 10 profiles with up to 32 stations
per profile. This number can be greater if data acquisition time is less than the maximum. A
percentage of the remaining memory is given in 1% resolution. Refer to the Appendix
on page 31 for more information about profiles.
Option Description
Stream This option is used to set up a profile for a stream or flowing channel. Do velocity measurements to
calculate total discharge based on ISO 748 or USGS standards for Mid-section or Mean-section
methods.
Files This option is used to view or delete stored files. Files can be deleted all at once or individually.
Setup This option is used to set up or change the settings for filter parameters and the Maximum Depth
feature.
3. Set up—Select this option to change general system settings and preferences.
Option Description
Velocity Calibrates the sensor. Adds a field offset to the factory calibration. Refer to the Appendix
calibration on page 31 for more information.
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Option Description
Filter Applies a data acquisition filter (Main filter or Pre-filter). The user can select the filter
parameters parameters.
Main filter
• Fixed Period Averaging (FPA)—Fixed Period Averaging averages data over a user
selectable fixed period of time (1 to 480 seconds). The default is 10 seconds. If the FPA
value is 5, the velocity value shown in the display is updated once every 5 seconds.
• RCA time constant—The RC filter helps smooth out turbulence through the use of a
selected time constant in the filter algorithm. This mode is useful when searching for a
maximum velocity, for example in the common 0.9 x Vmax profile method. High RC filter
time constants give higher degrees of smoothing. The time constant can be set from 2 to
20 seconds, with a default value of 6. At 1 time constant, the filter settles to
approximately 60% of the final value. At 5 time constants, the filter settles to 99.9% of
the final value. Thus, if the RC value is set to 2, the final value shows after 10 seconds.
Pre-filter
• Median filter—The filtering process is done in the sensor. The feature can be disabled.
However, the recommended (default) value is 5. Enable the feature to enter or change
this value.
Wet/dry Sets the sensor submersion threshold for wet and dry conditions. The default value is 20%.
threshold Refer to Wet/Dry threshold on page 33 for more information.
EMI Sets the local line frequency for ambient noise rejection to 50 Hz or 60 Hz (default).
Clock Sets the date and time of the portable meter in 24-hour format. Daylight savings time is not
supported.
• Mass Storage (default)—This mode operates like a memory stick or hard drive. Files are
read-only.
• CDC—This mode is used to update firmware.
Units Sets the units for velocity, flow and depth measurements. Options are Metric or English
(default).
Beeper On (default) or Off. If set to On, the meter makes an audible tone when the sensor is at the
correct depth for applicable profile methods. The meter also makes an audible tone when
an inactive button is pushed in any menu. This feature is available only with the optional
depth sensor.
Flow Selects the method of flow calculation for open water segment (stream profiles only).
calculation Options are Mean-section or Mid-section. Refer to the Appendix on page 31 for more
information.
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Option Description
Station entry
• Fixed—The operator puts in the width of the stream and the number of stations for
measurements. The meter divides the cross-section into evenly spaced distances
between the station verticals.
• Non-fixed (default)—The operator selects the spacing between station verticals. This is
the more commonly used option as it lets the operator include obstructions and other
restrictions in the cross section.
4. Diagnostics— Select this option to troubleshoot problems with the meter or an attached sensor.
For more information about the Diagnostics options, refer to Diagnostics on page 28.
WARNING
Fire and explosion hazards. Do not use or store the instrument in direct sunlight, near a heat source or
in high temperature environments such as a closed vehicle in direct sunlight. Failure to take this
precaution can make the battery overheat and cause a fire or explosion.
The battery must be installed in the meter and charged before use. For more information about
battery installation and replacement, refer to Install or replace the battery on page 27. For
information on how to charge the battery, refer to Charge the battery on page 28.
Note: The meter is not operational while the battery charges.
Sleep mode
The meter backlight goes dim after 30 seconds of no activity and goes into sleep mode after
60 seconds of no activity. These actions do not occur if the meter is in real-time mode or while the
meter is measuring. After 30 minutes in sleep mode, the meter power goes off.
To cancel the sleep mode, push any key. The display brightness goes back to the normal level and
all keys go back to their normal functions.
English 17
Operation
Stream profiles
Stations and station spacing
For a well-chosen cross-section, division into 25 to 30 partial sections is typically sufficient. If the
cross-section is very smooth and the velocity distribution very consistent, it is possible to decrease
the number of stations.
Make the distance between the partial stations so that no individual station contains more than 10%
of the discharge. The ideal measurement is one in which each partial station contains 5% or less (≤
5%) of the total discharge, but this is rarely possible when 25 stations are used. Partial stations
should not have equal widths across the entire cross-section unless the discharge is well-distributed.
Distances between stations are generally smaller where water depth and flow velocities change
significantly. Places where depth and velocities frequently change significantly include bank areas,
vertical or steep slopes, ledges in divided cross-sections and transitions from the main stream bed to
the foreland. Stations should also be located at points of significant changes in the stream bed
profile.
The measurement cross-section must be set at right angles to the direction of flow. Cross-sections
must not contain still areas, counter currents or eddies. Do not put the sensor in deep pools, below
large inflows, or near ship moorings, ferries or sluices.
Use Table 3 as a guide for the number of stations necessary for an acceptable measurement. The
information is based on EN - ISO 748 standards.
Table 3 Number of stations in relation to the waterway width
Feet Meters Number of stations
> 16.4 ≥5 ≥ 22
Measure velocity
Measurement quality is dependent on the correct selection of a measurement cross-section. Select a
section of stream with the following characteristics:
• The flow directions at each measurement point across the stream are parallel to the bank and
perpendicular to the cross-section.
• The streambed is stable and free of large rocks, weeds and protruding obstructions such as piers
that cause turbulence.
It is often not possible to completely satisfy all of these conditions. Use the criteria to select the best
possible section and then select a cross-section.
The general procedure to take velocity measurements in river and stream profiles is described below.
Make the first measurement in a stream profile at the top. Make each subsequent measurement
below the last one.
For accurate measurement results, stand to the side of the instrument. Refer to Figure 9.
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Figure 9 Position of user in the flow
Option Description
Stream Used for measurements in a stream profile.
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Option Description
Setup Used to set up filter parameters and the Maximum depth feature.
Option Description
Manual In this mode, the instrument prompts the user to manually enter the maximum depth of each
vertical. This value is normally obtained from a wading rod.
Automatic In this mode (available only on sensors with the depth option), the instrument uses the pressure
transducer to measure the maximum depth at each vertical.
a. If Automatic is selected, enter the distance from the bottom of the channel to the bottom of the
sensor mount.
b. Put the sensor at the lowest position on the wading rod.
c. Enter the minimum depth (measured from the bottom) that the sensor can read. Refer to
Figure 11.
4. Select Top or Bottom for the measurement reference then push OK.
5. If necessary, change or update the filter parameters in Profiler Setup.
6. In the Profiler menu, select Stream.
7. Enter a name for the stream profile. Make profile names alpha-numeric with a maximum of
11 characters. Push OK to save the profile name or select Clear to delete all current stream
profile data.
8. Enter the stage reference. This is typically an elevation value from an immovable object such as a
survey marker or bridge, etc.
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9. In the Station menu, select Edge/Obstruction. Select one of the options.
Option Description
Left Select this option if the station is at the left edge of the water or an obstruction (i.e, sandbar,
pylon or large boulder).
Right Use this option if the station is at the right edge of water or an obstruction (i.e., sandbar, pylon
or large boulder).
Open water Use this option to configure the edge as an open water environment (default).
a. If Manual mode was selected in the Profiler setup, enter the total depth of water at this vertical
position.
b. If Automatic mode was selected in the Profiler setup, push OK to set the maximum flow depth
at the value shown.
12. If Left or Right was selected in Step 9, enter an edge factor for the vertical. Select a factor from
the list or User-defined. For User-defined values, enter a roughness factor between 0.50 (very
rough) and 1.00 (smooth). The roughness factor is relevant only for right angled cross sections. It
is used as a factor in the calculation of the discharge proportion of edge areas. For example:
• Smooth edge with no vegetation (e.g., concrete, steel, cement)— 0.8 to 0.9
• Brick sides with vegetation— 0.7
• Rough walls with heavy vegetation—0.6 to 0.5
13. Select Measure Velocity. Select the number of points on the vertical to collect.
14. Select a measurement point from the list. Obey the instrument prompts and adjust the sensor to
the correct depth. If the sensor has a depth option, adjust the sensor depth until the depth box is
green. This means the sensor is in at the correct position.
Note: Red indicates more adjustment is necessary. Yellow indicates the depth is close to the correct depth.
15. Select Capture to start the measurement process.
16. If necessary, the setup can be changed and the measurement can be repeated. When the
measurement is complete, push OK to store the data.
17. Repeat steps 13–16 for the other measurement points on the vertical.
18. When all measurements for the station are complete, select Main or Verify. results. Push OK to
return to the list of measurement points.
Option Description
Verify Shows the average velocity reading for the station based on the measurement method.
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1. Select Prev and push OK until the display shows the information for Station 3.
2. Select Ins and push OK.
The instrument adds a new station named Station 4. Subsequent stations are automatically given
new sequential numbers.
3. To delete the current station (when in non-fixed mode), select Del and push OK.
Conduit profiles
It is possible to use all of the methods for conduit profiles in this section in sites with a typical profile
shape and sufficient depth to measure 3-point velocities. The 0.9 x Vmax method can also be used
when the depth is not sufficient for multi-point profiles.
Note: In typical conduit profiles, the first measurement is made at the bottom. Subsequent measurements are
made above the one made before. A different procedure may be necessary for some profiles.
Option Description
0.9 x Vmax The meter calculates flow based on 90% of the fastest velocity. This is the recommended
method when the depth is less than 12.7 cm (5 in.) or when the velocity is not stable.
0.2/0.4/0.8 The meter calculates the flow value based on velocity measurements taken at 0.2, 0.4 and
0.8 x the depth. One and two-point versions of this method are also possible.
Vel./Lev. Integ. The meter integrates 10 separate velocity and level measurements to calculate the flow
level.
2D The sensor collects information while constantly moved through the flow in a specified
pattern. The meter calculates the flow value when the user selects Save. This method is
recommended for flows where a difference of 30% or more exists between the right and left
side velocities.
0.2/0.4/0.8 method
Do measurements at one, two or three points to calculate an average velocity. Each point represents
a percentage of the maximum depth as measured on the center line as shown in Figure 12.
22 English
Figure 12 2-4-8 profile
Option Description
Three point Three-point measurement at 0.2, 0.4 and 0.8 x maximum depth
3. For the selected option, select a measurement point. The meter shows the sensor adjustment
information.
4. If necessary, adjust the sensor as necessary.
5. Select Capture.
The meter gets information from the sensor and shows the velocity value in numerical and
graphical form.
6. If necessary, select Setup to change the Y-axis range or the data filter parameters.
7. Push OK.
8. Do steps 3–7 for all of the other measurement points then push OK to return to the list of
measurement points.
9. Select Flow.
10. Select Save to save the information to a data file.
English 23
The handheld unit gets information from the sensor and shows the average velocity value in
numeric and graphical form.
5. If necessary, select Setup to change the Y-axis range in FPA filtering mode, the X and Y-axis
range when in RC filtering mode or the data filter parameters.
6. Push OK to confirm the information.
7. Select Next. The next measurement screen in the series appears.
8. Do steps 2–7 for the other measurement depths.
9. Select one of the options at the bottom of the screen.
Option Description
Save Calculates the current flow value and saves this information to a data file.
2D measurement method
Velocity is measured while the sensor is moved through the flow as shown in Figure 13.
Select Cancel at any time to cancel the measurement and return to the Select Method menu.
Note: The RC filter mode with a value of 2 to 4 seconds is recommended for this method.
Option Description
Save Calculates the current flow value and saves this information to a data file.
1 Start 2 Finish
24 English
Download data
The meter directory is Read Only. In Windows, the meter operates as a mass storage device or
removable hard drive.
Maintenance
Download the PVM utility
The PVM utility is used to update the firmware in the portable meter. The PVM Utility is available at
http://www.hach.com or http://www.hachflow.com. Do the steps listed for the selected URL.
1. Go to http://www.hach.com.
2. Search for FH950.
3. Select the product.
4. Click the Downloads tab.
5. Click the download link.
6. Click PVMSetup.msi.
7. Select Save or Run.
1. Go to http://www.hachflow.com.
2. Click Data Management.
3. Click Software Download Center.
4. Click the FH950 link.
5. Click PVMSetup.msi.
6. Select Save or Run.
English 25
The PVM Utility is necessary for this procedure. To download the PVM Utility, refer to Download the
PVM utility on page 25.
This is the general procedure to update firmware for the meter and sensor. To update the sensor
firmware, the sensor must be connected to the meter.
Chemical exposure hazard. Obey laboratory safety procedures and wear all of the personal protective
equipment appropriate to the chemicals that are handled. Refer to the current safety data sheets
(MSDS/SDS) for safety protocols.
Clean the sensor when unexpected increases or decreases in flow or level trends occur and after
use in sandy or muddy waterways.
For heavy contamination, soak the sensor in clear water for a few minutes to help make the
contamination easy to remove.
Disconnect the sensor from the meter before it is cleaned. Use only solutions listed as acceptable in
Table 4 to clean the sensor. For sensors with a pressure cell (i.e., velocity plus depth sensors), make
sure the holes for the pressure cell chambers are washed out and clear of contamination. Rinse the
sensor with clean water before re-attaching the sensor to the assembly.
Table 4 Acceptable and unacceptable cleaning solutions
Acceptable Do not use
Aromatic hydrocarbons
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Clean the meter
1. Push the power button to de-energize the meter.
2. Use a clean, moist cloth to clean the meter exterior. Mix the water with a mild detergent if
necessary.
3. Dry the meter exterior with a clean cloth. Let the meter dry in air completely before it is energized
again.
Note: Do not use paper-based cloths to clean the display. This type of cloth can cause damage to the display
screen.
WARNING
Fire and explosion hazards. Battery substitution is not permitted. Use only batteries that are supplied by
the instrument manufacturer.
WARNING
Multiple hazards. Do not disassemble the instrument for maintenance. If the internal components must
be cleaned or repaired, contact the manufacturer.
NOTICE
Discard used batteries promptly. Keep used batteries away from children. Do not disassemble the battery or
discard the battery in fire.
The instrument is shipped without the battery installed. Order new batteries from the instrument
manufacturer. Refer to Replacement parts and accessories on page 29. Recycle or discard used
batteries in accordance with local regulations.
Note: If the instrument must be returned to the factory for repair or maintenance, remove the battery and put the
battery in a protective cover before shipment.
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Figure 14 Remove the battery
1. Connect the round end of the charger cable to the power jack of the portable meter. Refer to
Figure 3 on page 8.
2. Connect the wall charger plug to a power outlet.
A blue light shows around the charge port while the battery charges. When the charge process is
complete, the blue light goes off. A discharged battery gets a full charge in about 8 hours.
Note: The meter is not operational while the battery charges. The battery does not charge through the USB
cable connection.
Troubleshooting
Diagnostics
In the Main Menu, select Diagnostics to see information about the meter and do the diagnostic tests
in Table 5.
Table 5 Meter diagnostics
Option Description
About Shows information about the meter and the sensor. Includes the serial number and the firmware
version.
Delete files Deletes all files from memory to make space for new measurements. Make sure that the data is
downloaded to a PC before this option is selected. The system automatically reformats the
memory after file deletion.
Key pad test Does a test of any button to make sure that the button is functional.
28 English
Table 5 Meter diagnostics (continued)
Option Description
Display test Does a test on the display to make sure that the display is functional.
Event log Lets the user see, delete or export the event log. Export the event log to make the contents
available as an accessible file through USB mass storage. This option is used primarily by factory
service.
Troubleshoot errors
The meter and sensor contain no user-serviceable parts. For the errors and messages listed, try the
corrective action.
If the problem does not go away or a problem occurs that is not in the list, contact the manufacturer.
Sensor is not connected Connect a sensor and try the action again.
Value is out of range Change the measurement parameters or put in a different value, then
try the action again.
Sensor data is known to be not correct Clean the sensor and test.
or not accurate
Sensor is not recognized Check the sensor connection. Make sure that the lock nut on the
connection port is tight (finger-tighten only).
Data is not available or access to the Make sure that the USB option (Main Menu) is set to Mass Storage.
data is not possible
Meter is unresponsive Push and hold the power button for at least 3 seconds. This de-
energizes the meter. Energize the meter again.
Note: Do not use this method to power off while in normal operation or if the file
access icon is visible in the display.
Note: Product and Article numbers may vary for some selling regions. Contact the appropriate distributor or refer to
the company website for contact information.
Replacement parts
Table 6 Velocity only sensor
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Table 7 Velocity with depth sensor
English/Metric FH950.1
Accessories
Table 9 Wading rods
Standard wading rod kit, Metric (includes the bullet items below) 75002M
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Table 10 General accessories (continued)
Appendix
Mean-section and Mid-section methods
The user can select the Mean-section or the Mid-section method for flow calculations. The Mean-
section method divides the cross-section into individual flow segments. Pairs of adjacent verticals are
the limits of the segments. The two edges of the cross-section are given values of 0 for the velocity
and depth. The total flow is the sum of the partial flows of all segments. Figure 15 shows the
definitions and the equation for the Mean-section method.
Where:
V = velocity at vertical
b = distance to vertical from bank
h = depth at vertical
q = flow at vertical
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The Mid-section method also divides the cross-section into individual flow segments. With the Mid-
section method, the segments are not between verticals but are defined by half of the distance to
neighbor verticals in each case. For this reason, the first and last verticals should be as near to the
edges as possible (i.e., left edge of water (LEW) and right edge of water (REW)). Boundary
conditions dictate the proximity of the first and last vertical to the edge of water.
Experience shows that the Mid-section method gives more exact results compared to the Mean-
section method so it is the default setting. Figure 16 shows the definitions and equation for the Mid-
section method.
Where:
m = station number
n = total number of stations
V = velocity at vertical
b = distance to vertical from bank
h = depth at vertical
q = flow at vertical
32 English
Figure 17 Typical profile
1 Depth 2 Velocity
Site selection
A site with the typical profile shape gives the most accurate results. Visual inspection is typically
sufficient to identify problem sites. Use the information in these guidelines to help select the best site.
These guidelines apply to conduit and stream profiles.
• The channel should have as much straight run as possible. If the length of the straight run is
limited, the length upstream from the profile should be two times the downstream length.
• The channel should be free of flow disturbances. The site must not have protruding pipe joints,
sudden changes in diameter, contributing side-streams, outgoing side-streams or obstructions.
Remove all rocks, sediment or other debris from the bottom of the pipe.
• The flow should not have visible swirls, eddies, vortices, back-flow or dead zones.
• Do not select areas immediately downstream from sharp bends or obstructions.
• Do not select areas with converging or diverging flow (approaches to a flume) or vertical drops.
• Do not select areas immediately downstream from sluice gates or places where the channel spills
into a body of stationary water.
Do a velocity calibration
Use this feature to remove a velocity offset if necessary. The velocity offset stays active until the
meter power is switched off.
1. Collect a bucket of water from the water in the profile area. The bucket must be non-metallic and
at least 20.32 cm (8 in.). The water depth must be at least 15.24 cm (6 in.).
2. Put the sensor in the center of the bucket so that it does not touch the sidewall or the bottom of
the bucket.
3. Let the water become still.
4. Let the velocity reading stabilize.
5. Select Zero Velocity.
Wet/Dry threshold
The wet/dry threshold is the trigger point for the meter to know when the sensor is in or out of the
water. This information is important because if the meter does not know that the sensor is under the
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surface of the water, the meter sets the velocity value to zero. For a profile or real-time reading, the
meter prompts the user to submerge the sensor in the water.
If the specific conductivity of the water being measured is very low, adjust the threshold value for the
best performance. Go to Setup Menu>Wet/Dry Threshold.
For troubleshooting, the present reading is used as a guide to set a custom threshold. Get a reading
in the water (wet) and then out of the water (dry). The threshold value must be between the wet and
dry value. For example, if the actual wet value is 17 and the actual dry value is 2, put in a threshold
value half way between 2 and 17. The default value is 20.
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U.S. and countries other than EU Marsh-McBirney and Sigma Flow France and UK
HACH COMPANY Products (except Sigma Flow (Sigma Flow Products Only)
4539 Metropolitan Court Products in France and the UK) HACH LANGE GmbH
Frederick, MD, 21704-9452, U.S.A. FLOWTRONIC, SA. Willstätterstraße 11
Tel. (800) 368-2723 Rue J.H. Cool 19a D-40549 Düsseldorf, Germany
Fax (301) 874-8459 B-4840 Welkenraedt, Belgium Tel. +49 (0) 211 5288-0
hachflowsales@hach.com Tel. +32 (0) 87 899 799 Fax +49 (0) 211 5288-143
www.hachflow.com Fax +32 (0) 87 899 790 E-mail: info@hach-lange.de
www.flow-tronic.com www.hach-lange.com