Test Name: MATRICES-SET C Subjects: Mathematics and Statistics

Marks: 20 Standard: XII Science English Maharashtra State

Board

Duration: 1 HR

SECTION A

1. Select and write the correct answer for the following multiple choice type of questions: 4

i.
If A = , then co-factor A32 is

(A) –2 (B) –8

(C) 4 (D) 2

Ans: A32 = (–1)3+2.M32 = (–1)5 =2

ii.
If A = , then A–1 is equal to

(A) A2 + A – 2I (B) A2 + 2A – 4I

(C) A2 – A – 3I (D) A2 + A + 2I

Ans: A =

|A| = 1 ≠ 0

adj A = =

∴ A–1 =

A2 – A – 3I

= – –

=
2. Answer the following questions: 2

i. Apply the given elementary transformation on the given matrix:

B= , R1 → R1 – R2.

B=

Applying R1 → R1 – R2, we get

B~

ii. Check whether the following matrix is invertible or not:

Let A =

Then, |A| =

= cos2 θ + sin2 θ = 1 ≠ 0
∴ A is a non-singular matrix.
∴ A is invertible.

SECTION B

Attempt any TWO of the following questions: 4

3.
Find AB, if A = and B = . Examine whether AB has inverse or not.

AB =

= =

∴ |AB| = = 6 – 12 = – 6 ≠ 0

Since AB is a non-singular matrix, AB is invertible.

4. Find the adjoint of the following matrix:

Let A =

Here,
a11 = 2

∴ M11 = 5 and A11 = (–1)1 + 1 (5) = 5

a12 = –3

∴ M12 = 3 and A12 = (–1)1 + 2 (3) = –3

a21 = 3

∴ M21 = –3 and A21 = (–1)2 + 1 (–3) = 3

a22 = 5

∴ M22 = 2 and A22 = (–1)2 + 2 (2) = 2

∴ The matrix of the co-factors is
 = =

Now, adj A = =

5. Find the inverse of the given matrix (if exist).

Let A =

∴ |A| = = –21 + 20 = –1 ≠ 0

∴ A–1 exists.
Consider AA–1 = I

∴ A–1 =

Applying R1 → R1 – R2, we get

A–1 =

Applying R2 → R2 – 2R1, we get

A–1 =

Applying R2 → (–1) R2, we get

A–1 =

Applying R1 → R1 + 3R2, we get

A–1 =

∴ A–1 =

SECTION C

Attempt any TWO of the following questions: 6

6. Solve the given equation by inversion method.

x + y = 4, 2x – y = 5

Matrix form of the given system of equations is

This is of the form AX = B,

where A = ,X= and B =

To determine X, we have to find A–1.

|A| = = –1 – 2 = –3 ≠ 0

∴ A–1 exists.
Consider AA–1 = I

∴ A–1 =

Applying R2 → R2 – 2R1, we get

A–1 =

Applying R2 → we get
 A–1 =

Applying R1 → R1 – R2, we get

A–1 =

∴ A–1 =

Pre-multiplying AX = B by A–1, we get

A–1(AX) = A–1 B
∴ (A–1A)X = A–1 B
∴ IX = A–1 B
∴ X = A–1 B

∴ X=

∴ = = =

∴ By equality of matrices, we get

x = 3, y = 1

7. Solve the given equation by reduction method.

x + 3y = 2, 3x + 5y = 4

Matrix form of the given system of equations is

This is of the form AX = B,

where A = ,X= and B =

Applying R2 → R2 – 3R1, we get

Hence, the original matrix A is reduced to an upper triangular matrix.

∴ By equality of matrices, we get

x + 3y = 2 ...(i)
– 4y = –2 ...(ii)
From equation (ii), y =
Substituting y = in equation (i), we get
x+ =2
∴ x=2– =
∴ x= and y = is the required solution.

8. Solve the given equation by inversion method.

x + 2y = 2, 2x + 3y = 3

Matrix form of the given system of equations is

This is of the form AX = B,

where A = ,X= and B =

To determine X, we have to find A–1.

|A| = = 3 – 4 = –1 ≠ 0

∴ A–1 exists.
Consider AA–1 = I
 ∴ A–1 =

Applying R2 → R2 – 2R1, we get

A–1 =

Applying R2 → (–1)R2, we get

A–1 =

Applying R1 → R1 – 2R2, we get

A–1 =

∴ A–1 =

Pre-multiplying AX = B by A–1, we get

A–1(AX) = A–1 B
∴ (A–1A)X = A–1 B
∴ IX = A–1 B
∴ X = A–1 B

∴ X=

∴ = =

∴ By equality of matrices, we get

x = 0 and y = 1

SECTION D

Attempt any ONE of the following questions: 4

9.
Find the inverse of A = by elementary column transformation.

As A–1 is required by column transformations therefore we have to consider A–1 A = I and have to perform
column transformations on A.
Consider
A–1 A = I

∴ A–1 =

Using C2 → C2 – 3C1 and C3 → C3 – 3C1

∴ A–1 =

Use C1 → C1 – C2

∴ A–1 =

Use C1 → C1 – C3

∴ A–1 =
 ∴ A–1I =

∴ A–1 =

10. Express the given equation in matrix form and solve by the method of reduction.
x + 3y + 2z = 6, 3x – 2y + 5z = 5 and 2x – 3y + 6z = 7

Matrix form of the given system of equations is

This is of the form AX = B,

where A = ,X= and B =

Applying R2 → R2 – 3R1 and R3 → R3 – 2R1 we get

Applying R3 → 11R3 – 9R2, we get

Hence, the original matrix A is reduced to an upper triangular matrix.

∴ =

∴ By equality of matrices, we get

x + 3y + 2z = 6 ...(i)
–11y – z = –13 ...(ii)
31z = 62 ...(iii)
i.e., z = 2
Substituting z = 2 in equation (ii), we get
–11y – 2 = –13
∴ y=1
Substituting y = 1 and z = 2 in equation (i), we get
x + 3(1) + 2(2) = 6
∴ x=–1
∴ x = –1, y = 1 and z = 2 is the required solution.