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TP02 - Introduction to PLC Programming using Ladder

This report discusses the fundamentals of PLC programming using Ladder Logic, focusing on binary concepts, logical functions, and the use of normally open and normally closed contacts. It includes examples of creating PLC programs to toggle an LED using push buttons and explains the addressing conventions in PLC systems. The document also outlines the process for testing and deploying programs using OpenPLC Runtime.

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AMEL REBBOUCHE
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4 views

TP02 - Introduction to PLC Programming using Ladder

This report discusses the fundamentals of PLC programming using Ladder Logic, focusing on binary concepts, logical functions, and the use of normally open and normally closed contacts. It includes examples of creating PLC programs to toggle an LED using push buttons and explains the addressing conventions in PLC systems. The document also outlines the process for testing and deploying programs using OpenPLC Runtime.

Uploaded by

AMEL REBBOUCHE
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Ministry of higher education and scientific research

University of Skikda ,Faculty of Technology

Department of Electrical Engineering

REPORT ON THE TEST OF:

TP02 - Introduction to PLC


Programming using Ladder

3rd Year Licence Electrotechnique

Prepared by: Corrected by:

Bouhalissa fatima Khoualed Samir

Hadef Warda

Snoussi Meryem

February 25, 2025

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Solution 1: First Steps in PLC Programming using Ladder Logic

1. Binary Concepts in Ladder Logic

Ladder Logic relies on binary operations, where inputs and outputs are represented by
ON (1) and OFF (0) states. Normally open (NO) and normally closed (NC) contacts
define the operating conditions of circuits.

Logical Concepts in Ladder Logic

The basic logical functions used in Ladder Logic include:

• AND: All conditions must be true to activate the output.


• OR: At least one condition must be true to activate the output.
• NOT: Inverts the state of a condition. These operations are achieved by
combining contacts and coils in Ladder diagrams.

2. • Normally Open Contact (NO)

• Operation: If the condition is TRUE, the contact closes, allowing logic flow. If
the condition is FALSE, the contact remains open, blocking logic flow.
• Common Uses: Start push buttons, selector switches, digital instrumentation,
internal programming.

• Normally Closed Contact (NC)

• Operation: If the condition is TRUE, the contact opens, blocking logic flow. If
the condition is FALSE, the contact closes, allowing logic flow.
• Common Uses: Emergency stop buttons, safety interlocks, fail-safe mechanisms.

• Output Coil Symbol

• Operation: Represents a PLC digital output. When activated, it energizes the


connected device (e.g., motor, light, relay).
• Common Uses: Controlling actuators, motors, alarms, and indicator lights.

3. Based on the documentation from Autonomy Logic, the meaning of the given
notations:

• %IX0.0 & %IX0.3: These represent digital input addresses in a PLC system.
The IX prefix indicates an input bit, while 0.0 and 0.3 specify the hierarchical
address within the input module.
• %QX0.1 & %QX0.7: These represent digital output addresses. The QX prefix
signifies an output bit, and the numbers indicate specific output locations.

The notation %QX0.8 follows the IEC 61131-3 standard for PLC addressing, where:

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• %Q represents an output variable.
• X indicates a bit-level address (1-bit).
• 0.8 refers to the hierarchical address, where 0 is the byte index and 8 is the bit
position.

However, according to the documentation on Autonomy Logic, the least significant part
of a bit address must be between 0 and 7. Since %QX0.8 exceeds this range, it is
considered invalid in OpenPLC addressing

4. Creating a PLC Program in OpenPLC:

we create a PLC program in Ladder Diagram (LD) that toggles a LED using a push
button :

A . we create a new project and select Ladder Diagram (LD) as the programming
language.

B . we assign the push button to a digital input (%IX0.2) and we assign the LED to a
digital output (%QX0.0).

C . Create the Ladder Logic

D . Testing the program on Test plate:

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5. Running the PLC Program:

Solution 2: Ladder Logic for LED Toggle Using Two Push Buttons

Example 1:

1. Define the Memory Addresses

• Assign %IX0.3 and %IX0.4 for the two push buttons (PB0 and PB1).
• Assign %QX0.2 for the LED.

2. Implement the Logic

• We use a Normally Open (NO) Contact for each push button.


• PB0 turns the LED ON (%IX0.3 → %QX0.2).
• PB1 turns the LED OFF (%IX0.4 → %QX0.2).

3. Simulate the Program

• We verify that pressing PB1 turns the LED ON, and pressing PB2 turns it OFF.

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4. Deploy Using OpenPLC Runtime

• After testing, we use OpenPLC Runtime to run the program on a PLC setup.

Example 2:

1. Define the Memory Addresses

• Assign %IX0.5 and %IX0.6 for the two push buttons (PB0 and PB1).
• Assign %QX0.2 for the LED.

2. Implement the Logic

• We use a Normally Open (NO) Contact for PB0 and Normally Close (NC)
Contact for PB1.
• PB0 turns the LED ON (%IX0.5 → %QX0.2).
• PB1 turns the LED OFF (%IX0.6 → %QX0.2).

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3. Simulate the Program

• We verify that pressing PB0 turns the LED ON, and pressing PB1 turns it OFF.

4. Deploy Using OpenPLC Runtime

• After testing, we use OpenPLC Runtime to run the program on a PLC setup.

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