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Notes Deploy

The document covers the fundamentals of backend applications and deployment, explaining the differences between frontend and backend, key components like servers, databases, and APIs, as well as the basics of deployment. It also includes guidance on setting up a local development environment with IDEs, installing Git, and using GitHub for version control. Additionally, it features exercises and projects to reinforce learning, such as creating a Node.js application and managing a GitHub repository.

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christian MUNEZERO NSHUTI
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7 views

Notes Deploy

The document covers the fundamentals of backend applications and deployment, explaining the differences between frontend and backend, key components like servers, databases, and APIs, as well as the basics of deployment. It also includes guidance on setting up a local development environment with IDEs, installing Git, and using GitHub for version control. Additionally, it features exercises and projects to reinforce learning, such as creating a Node.js application and managing a GitHub repository.

Uploaded by

christian MUNEZERO NSHUTI
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Backend Deployment Fundamentals:

Full Notes for Modules 1 & 2


Module 1:Understanding Backend Applications
and Deployment
1.1 What is a Backend? Introduction to Backend vs. Frontend

• Frontend vs. Backend Basics:

o The frontend is what users see and interact with, such as web pages
and mobile app screens.
o The backend is the server-side of an application, handling data
processing, storage, and business logic.
o Think of it as a restaurant: the frontend is the dining area, where guests
interact with the menu and waiters, and the backend is the kitchen,
where food is prepared based on the orders.

• Key Components of the Backend:


o Server: Hosts the application and serves responses to the client (e.g.,
web server, application server).
o Database: Stores data for long-term use, such as user profiles, product
listings, etc.
o APIs (Application Programming Interfaces): Bridges between the
client and server, enabling data exchange.

• Example of Client-Server Interaction:


o When a user requests a webpage, the client (browser) sends an HTTP
request to the server.
o The server processes the request, often interacts with a database, and
sends back an HTTP response with the data.
o The client then renders this data for the user.

1.2 Web Servers vs. Application Servers


• Web Servers:
o Primarily handle HTTP requests and serve static content, like HTML,
CSS, and JavaScript files.
o Examples include Apache and Nginx.

• Application Servers:
o Handle application logic and dynamic content, often interacting with
databases.
oCan work alongside web servers to deliver a full application
experience.
o Examples include Tomcat and Node.js (if used as a standalone server).
• Example Scenario:
o For a simple website, a web server like Nginx might be sufficient to
serve static files.
o For a more complex web application, both a web server (like Nginx)
and an application server (like Node.js) may work together, with the
web server forwarding requests to the application server.

1.3 APIs, Databases, and Client-Server Communication


• APIs (Application Programming Interfaces):
o APIs are how applications communicate with each other, often using
HTTP protocols.
o Types of APIs include REST (Representational State Transfer) and
GraphQL.

• Databases:
o Store data used by the backend. Common databases include SQL-based
ones like MySQL, PostgreSQL and NoSQL databases like MongoDB.
• Client-Server Communication:
o Communication typically happens via HTTP requests: GET (retrieve
data), POST (create data), PUT (update data), and DELETE (remove
data).
o Example: A frontend application might use a GET request to retrieve
user data from the backend.

1.4 Basics of Deployment and Why It’s Needed


• Deployment:
o The process of putting an application on a server where it can be
accessed by users.
o Involves transferring code from a developer’s local machine to a remote
server (often using tools like FTP, Docker, or cloud platforms).

• Why Deployment?
o Enables users to access the application over the internet or an internal
network.
o Allows for scalability, so the app can handle many users or requests
simultaneously.

1. Quiz on Backend Terminology:


o Prepare a short quiz with questions like:
▪ What is the difference between a web server and an application
server?
▪ Name two types of databases and explain one difference between
them.
2. Project: Create a small Node.js application that handles requests.
o Extend the above example to include multiple endpoints, e.g., /about,
/contact.

Module 2: Setting Up Your Local Environment and Git

2.1 Setting up a Local Environment with IDEs


• Choosing an IDE (Integrated Development Environment):
o Visual Studio Code (VS Code): Lightweight, highly customizable,
with a large extension library.
o IntelliJ IDEA: Known for Java development but supports multiple
languages.

• Installation Steps (Example for VS Code):


o Download VS Code from the official website:
https://code.visualstudio.com/.
o Install and configure basic extensions: ESLint, Prettier for code
formatting.

• Installing Node.js:
o Step-by-Step:
▪ Download Node.js from https://nodejs.org/.
▪ Follow installation instructions and verify by running node -v
and npm -v in your terminal.

2.2 Installing Git and Version Control Basics


• Installing Git:
o Download Git from https://git-scm.com/ and follow the instructions.
o Set up Git with your name and email:
bash
Copy code
git config --global user.name "Your Name"
git config --global user.email mugaboronald12@example.com

• Basic Git Commands:


o Initialize a Repository: git init
o Staging Changes: git add . to stage all files.
o Committing Changes: git commit -m "Commit message"
o Pushing to Remote: Connect to GitHub and push code with git push
origin main.

• Example Git Workflow:


o Step 1: Create a repository on GitHub.
o Step 2: Clone the repository on your local machine:
bash
Copy code
git clone https://github.com/username/repository-name.git

o Step 3: Make changes, stage, commit, and push.

2.3 Using GitHub for Remote Code Storage


• Creating a Repository on GitHub:
o Log in to GitHub, click on New Repository.
o Name the repository, set it as public or private, and create.

• Adding a Remote to GitHub:


o After creating a local repository, connect it to GitHub:
bash
Copy code
git remote add origin https://github.com/username/repository-name.git
git push -u origin main

• Branching Basics:
o Create a new branch:
bash
Copy code
git branch feature-branch
git checkout feature-branch
o Push branch changes with git push origin feature-branch.

2.4 Exercises for Module 2


1. Set up a GitHub Repository:
o Create a simple "Hello World" repository, commit the initial code, and
push it to GitHub.
2. Practice Branching:
o Create a branch for a new feature in your repository, make a small
change, and push it.
3. Project: Simple Node.js Server with GitHub Integration.
o Create a server with Node.js (similar to Module 1), upload it to GitHub,
and practice committing changes.

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