Section A

1. (c) [ML-1T-1]
Explanation:
[coefficient of viscosity] = [ML-1T-1]

2.
(b) −A cos(kx + ωt)
Explanation:
For a stationary wave to form, two identical waves should travel in opposite directions. Further at x = 0, resultant y (from both
the waves) should be zero at all instants.

3.
(c) 3

5
^
i +
4

5
^
j

Explanation:
⃗ +m r ⃗ +m r ⃗
m1 r 1 2 2 3 3
⃗
r CM =
m1 + m2 + m3

^ ^ ^ ^
2( i )+4( i + j )+4( j )
=
2+4+4

^ ^
6 i +8 j 3 4
^ ^
= = i + j
10 5 5

4.
(b) 9:4
Explanation:
Given:
Diameter of section1 = d1 = 2.5 cm
Diameter of section2 = d2 = 3.75 cm
According to the law of continuity,
Along a streamline,
Av=constant.
∴ A1 v1=A2 v2

∴π r12v1=π r22 v2
2 2
πd v1 πd v2
1 2
∴ =
4 4
2
v1 d 2
2 3.75 9
∴ = = =
v2 2 2 4
d 2.5
1

5.
(c) Conservation of angular momentum
Explanation:
Kepler's second law states that the radius vector drawn from the sun to a planet sweepts out equal areas in equal intervals of
time. It is based on the law of conservation of angular momentum.

6.
(b) 2a sin (kx)
Explanation:

1
 We have incident wave y1 = a sin (kx - ωt)
So the reflected wave is y2 = a sin (kx + ωt)
From principle of superposition, the standing wave equation obtained after superimposing y1 and y2, we get
y(x, t) = 2a sin kx cos ωt
Thus, the resultant amplitude is
A(x) = 2a sin kx

7.
(c) E
Explanation:
Instantaneous velocity,
ds
v =
dt

= Slope of the displacement-time curve at any instant.

Slope and hence instantaneous velocity is negative at point E.

8.
(d) 1 : 4
Explanation:
−
−−
vO dH
= √
vH d
O

−−
=√ 1

16
=
1

4
=1:4

9.
(b) 90o
Explanation:
h= 2σ cos θ

rρg

When θ = 90o, h = 0

10.
(b) 4
Explanation:
The distance of A from the sun is 4 times greater than that of B from the sun.

11.
(c) 5:1
Explanation:
I1ω 1 = I2ω 2
I1 ω2
=
I2 ω1

ω1 = 1rev/s
ω2 = 25rev/s
if the radius of gyration is k1 and k2 then
2
Mk ω2
1
=
2 ω1
Mk
2
−− −−
k1 ω2 25 5
= √ = √ =
k2 ω1 1 1

k1:k2 = 5:1

12.
(c) 3%
Explanation:

2
 Δl
× 100 = 100αΔT
l
ΔV
× 100 = 100γΔT = 100 × 3α × ΔT
V

Hence for the same rise of temperature, increase in volume is 3 times the increase in length.

13.
(d) A is false but R is true.
Explanation:
Assertion is false and reason is true because for elastic collision, e - 1, so the velocity of separation equals velocity of approach
but these are not the relative speeds of the bodies.

14.
(b) Assertion and reason both are correct statements but reason is not correct explanation for assertion.
Explanation:
Assertion and reason both are correct statements but reason is not correct explanation for assertion.

15.
(d) A is false but R is true.
Explanation:
Binding energy is the minimum energy required to free a satellite from gravitational attraction. It is the negative value of the
total energy of the satellite. Let a satellite of mass m be revolving around the earth of mass Me and radius Re.
The total energy of satellite = P.E. + K.E.
G Me m
=− Re
+
1

2
mv
2

G Me m GMe
=− Re
+
m

2 Re
= −
GMm

2Re

∴ The binding energy of satellite = -[total energy of satellite] which depends on the mass of the satellite.

16. (a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
Explanation:
If the scalar product of two vectors are zero, then the vectors are perpendicular to each other. So
^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^
( i + i + k) ⋅ ( i − 2 j + k) = ^i ⋅ ^i − 2(^j ⋅ ^j ) + k ⋅ k = 0
^ ^

Section B
17. Let h be the depth of the well. Then time t1 taken by the stone to fall into well under gravity is given by
−−
h = 0 +
1

2
gt
2
1
or t1 = √ 2h

Time taken for the splash to travel height h is given by t 2 =

h

where v = velocity of sound

But t1 + t2 = 1.45 s
−−
2h h
∴ √ + = 1.45
g v

−
−−
or √ 2h

9.8
+
332
h
= 1.45

On solving, h = 9.9 m.
18. i. 5238 N has four significant digits.
ii. 4200 kg = 4.200 × 103 kg has four significant figures
iii. 34.000 m has five significant digits.
iv. 0.02340 N/m has four significant digits.
19. The dimensions of LHS are
[M] [L T–1]2 = [M] [L2 T–2]
= [M L2 T–2]
The dimensions of RHS are [M][L T–2] [L] = [M][L2 T–2]
= [M L2 T–2]
The dimensions of LHS and RHS are the same and hence the equation is dimensionally correct.

3
 −−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−
20. F = √F
2
1
+ F
2
2
+ 2F1 F2 cos θ

−−−−−−−
2 2 ∘
F = √F + F (θ = 90 )
1 2

−−−−−−−−−−
2 2
F = √(16) + (12)

F = 20N
F 20
a= =
m 200

a = 0.1 m/s2
−−−−
GMP
21. v (escape speed on a planet) = √
p
RP

−−−−
GMe
ve (escape speed on the earth) = √ Re
−−−−−−−−
−−−−−
vP MP Re
⇒
ve
=√ Me
×
Rp
= √8 × 1

2
=2

vp = 2ve = 22.4 km/s

OR
Total energy of a satellite revolving in circular orbit around a planet.

For a satellite orbiting around a planet, the tangential/orbital velocity will be.
−−−−−
GM
v = √
(R+h)

where R is radius of the planet and h is the height from the surface of the planet. So, kinetic energy of the satellite
KE =
1
mv =
2
2
, 1

2
GmM

(R+h)

m is the mass of the satellite

The gravitational P. E at infinity is considered to be zero, so the P. E at distance (R + h) from the centre of the planet will be
−GmM
PE =
R+h

Total energy E = K.E + P.E

GmM GmM −1 GmM
=
2(R+h)
−
(R+h)
=
2 (R+h)
.

4
 Section C

22. (a)

23. Mass of copper block, m = 2.5 kg = 2.5 = 2.5 × 1000 = 2500 g

Increase in the temperature , Δθ = 500 C ∘

Specific heat of copper, C = 0.39 J g-1 C-1

Latent heat of fusion for water, L = 335 J g-1
Heat lost by the copper block = Q = mCΔθ
= 2500 × 0.39 × 500
= 487500 J
Let m1 is the amount of ice that melts on absorbing heat by copper block.
heat gained by melting of m1 gram of ice, Q = m1L
Q 487500
∴ m1 = = = 1455.22g
L 335

Hence, 1.45 Kg of maximum ice can get melt on placing the copper block on ice cube.
24. Given: x = 18t + 5t2
(18t + 5t2) = 18 + 10t
dx d
i. Velocity, v = dt
=
dt

At t = 2 s, the instantaneous velocity = 18 + 10 × 2 = 38 ms-1

ii. Displacement at t = 2 s is x1 = 18 × 2 + 5 × 22 = 56m
Displacement at t = 3 s is x2 = 18 × 3 + 5 × 32 = 54 + 45 = 99 m

= 43 ms-1
x2 − x1 99 − 56
Average velocity, v̄ = =
t2 − t1 3 − 2

(18 + 10t) = 10 ms-2

dv d
iii. Acceleration, a = dt
=
dt

25.

We know that when the applied force on a body is small enough, it does not move. It means that force of friction is just balancing
the applied force. However, as the applied force is increased beyond a limit, the body starts moving. Force of friction is present
when the given body is in motion. From these considerations we classify friction in case of sliding motion in following three
categories:
5
 i. Static friction: Static friction is a self-adjusting force because it comes into play when the body is lying over the surface of
another body without any motion. If we have not applied any force on a body to move the body, the frictional force also
becomes zero. In Figure, the region OA of the graph is the region of static friction.
ii. Limiting friction: It is the maximum value of static friction. Thus, limiting friction is the force of friction at the moment when
a body just tends to slide over the surface of another body i.e, when that body overcomes the force of static friction, the
maximum value of static friction is reached which is known as limiting friction. In the figure, frictional force corresponding to
point A represents the limiting friction.
iii. Kinetic friction: Kinetic friction is that opposing (or retarding) force which comes into play when a body actually slides over
the surface of another body. The value of kinetic friction for a given pair of surfaces is less than the corresponding value of
limiting friction. Moreover, the force of kinetic friction throughout remains constant for a given body and does not depend
upon the speed of motion of the body. In the figure, the region BC of the graph is representing kinetic friction.

26.

27. An instinctive answer to (a) might be that the force on the wall in case (a) is normal to the wall, while that in case (b) is inclined at
30° to the normal. This answer is wrong. The force on the wall is normal to the wall in both cases. How to find the force on the
wall? The trick is to consider the force (or impulse) on the ball due to the wall using the second law, and then use the third law to
answer (a). Let u be the speed of each ball before and after collision with the wall, and m the mass of each ball. Choose the x and
y axes as shown in the figure, and consider the change in momentum of the ball in each case:
Case (a)
(px)initial = mu (py)initial = 0
(px)final = -mu (py)final = 0
Impulse is the change in the momentum vector.
Therefore,
x-component of impulse = – 2 mu
y-component of impulse = 0
Impulse and force are in the same direction.
Clearly, from above, the force on the ball due to the wall is normal to the wall, along the negative x-direction. Using Newton’s
third law of motion, the force on the wall due to the ball is normal to the wall along the positive x-direction. The magnitude of the
force cannot be ascertained since the small-time taken for the collision has not been specified in the problem.
Case (b)
(px)initial = mu cos 30o, (py)initial = -mu sin30o

(px)final = -mu cos 30o, (py)final = -mu sin30o

Note, while px changes sign after the collision, py does not. Therefore,

6
 x-component of impulse = -2 mu cos 30°
y-component of impulse = 0
The direction of impulse (and force) is the same as in (a) and is normal to the wall along the negative x-direction. As before, using
Newton’s third law, the force on the wall due to the ball is normal to the wall along the positive x-direction.
The ratio of the magnitudes of the impulses imparted to the balls in (a) and (b) is
2mu 2
= ≈ 1.2
o √3
(2mu cos30

28. (a) Pascal’s Law : It states that the “pressure exerted at any point on an enclosed liquid is transmitted equally in all directions”
OR “the pressure in a fluid at rest is the same at all points if they are at the same height”.
(b)

OR
(A)

(B) Terminal velocity r2. So a bigger rain drop with larger radius falls faster.
7
 Section D
29. Read the text carefully and answer the questions:
Potential energy is the energy stored within an object, due to the object's position, arrangement or state. Potential energy is one of
the two main forms of energy, along with kinetic energy. Potential energy depends on the force acting on the two objects.

(i) (a) mechanical energy

Explanation:
mechanical energy
(ii) (a) potential energy decreases
Explanation:
potential energy decreases
(iii) (c) both only when spring is stretched and compressed
Explanation:
both only when spring is stretched and compressed
OR

(b) T-2
Explanation:
T-2
(iv) (b) 5 × 105 J
Explanation:
5 × 105 J
30. Read the text carefully and answer the questions:
Gas molecules move in random motion inside the container. The pressure exerted by the gas is due to the continuous collision of
the molecules against the walls of the container. Due to this continuous collision, the walls experience a continuous force which is
equal to the total momentum imparted to the walls per second.

(i) (d) 1:2

Explanation:
1:2
(ii) (c) directly proportional to the density
Explanation:
directly proportional to the density

8 / 13
 (iii) (a) pressure increase
Explanation:
pressure increase
(iv) (b) becomes double
Explanation:
becomes double
OR

(d) M1L2T-2K-1
Explanation:
M1L2T-2K-1
Section E
31. (a)

(b)

OR
(a)

9
(b)

32. (a)

(b)

OR

(a)

10
(b)0.44rad/s, 5.3 ms -1, 2.3 ms -2

33. (a)

(b) 28N OR
(a)

11
(b)

12