GL BAJAJ INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY AND

MANAGEMENT, GREATER NOIDA

OBJECT ORIENTED PROGRAMMING WITH JAVA LAB

PRACTICAL FILE (BCS 452)
SESSION 2024-25

BACHELOR OF TECHNOLOGY
IN
COMPUTER SCIENCE & ENGINEERING

SUBMITTED BY: SUBMITTED TO:

NAME: Ms. Mitali Bhatt
SECTION: ( Department CSE)
SEMESTER:
ROLL NO.:
 List of Experiments

S.No. Name of Experiment Date of Page No. Grade Sign

Experiment
 Experiment-1
Objective: Use Java compiler and eclipse platform to write and execute java
program.

Software Required: Eclipse,VS Code

ALGORITHM:
1.Install Eclipse
 Download and install the Eclipse IDE from the official
website (https://www.eclipse.org/downloads/).

 Follow the installation instructions for your operating system.

2.Open Eclipse:
 Launch Eclipse IDE after installation.

3.Create a New Java Project:

 Go to File > New > Java Project.

 Enter a project name (e.g., MyJavaProject) and click Finish.

4.Create a Java Class:

 Right-click on the src folder inside your
project. Go to New > Class.

 Enter a class name (e.g., MyFirstJavaProgram) and check the box for public static
void main (String [] args).

 Click Finish.

5.Write Java Code:

 In the editor window for MyFirst JavaProgram.java, write your Java
code. Below is a simple "Hello World" example:

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CODE:

public class MyFirstJavaProgram {

public static void main (String [] args) { System.out.println("Hello

World");

6.Save the Java File:

 Press Ctrl + S (Windows/Linux) or Cmd + S (Mac) to save the Java file.

7.Compile the Java Program:

 Eclipse automatically compiles the Java program when you save the
file. Any compilation errors will be shown in the Problems tab.

8.Run the Java Program:

 Right-click on the MyFirst JavaProgram class file in the Package
Explorer. Select Run As > Java Application.

 The program output (Hello World) will be displayed in the Console view at the
Bottom.

OUTPUT:

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 Experiment-2
Objective: Creating simple java program using command line argument.

Software Required: Eclipse,VS Code

Example 1: Star Pyramid Pattern in Java
CODE:

import java.util.Scanner;

public class StarPattern {

public static void main(String[] args) {
Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in);

// Get number of rows from user

System.out.print("Enter the number of rows: ");
int rows = scanner.nextInt();

// Create the pattern

for (int i = 1; i <= rows; i++) {
// Print spaces
for (int j = 1; j <= rows - i; j++) {
System.out.print(" ");
}
// Print stars
for (int k = 1; k <= (2 * i - 1); k++) {
System.out.print("*");
}
System.out.println();
}

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Example 2: Even Number Series in Java

CODE:

import java.util.Scanner;

public class EvenSeries {

public static void main(String[] args) {
Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in);

// Ask the user how many even numbers to print

System.out.print("Enter the number of even numbers to display: ");
int n = scanner.nextInt();

System.out.println("Even Number Series:");

for (int i = 1; i <= n; i++) {
System.out.print((2 * i) + " ");
}

scanner.close();
}
}

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[Type text]

Experiment-3
Objective: Understand OOPS Concept and basics of Java Programming.

Software Required: Eclipse,VS Code

Theory:

1) Abstraction:

 Abstraction in Java is an OOP concept that hides complex implementation

details and exposes only essential features to the user, achieved through
abstract classes and interfaces.

2) Polymorphism:

 Allows objects of different classes to be treated as objects of a common

superclass.

3) Inheritance:

 Mechanism where a child class acquires properties/methods of parent

class

4) Classes & Objects:

 Class: Blueprint/template (e.g., class Car { })

 Object: Instance of class (e.g., Car myCar = new Car();)

5) Constructor :

 Special method that initializes objects when created (new

keyword).

Types of Constructors in Java

1. Default Constructor
 Created automatically by Java if no constructor is defined.

 Has no parameters.

2. Parameterized Constructor
 Accepts parameters to initialize objects with specific values.

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[Type text]

3.Copy Constructor

 Creates an object by copying values from another object.

6) this Keyword:

 Refers to current class instance

7) Constructor Overloading:

 Having multiple constructors with different methods.

Code:

class Student {
// Instance variables
String name;
int age;
double gpa;

// 1. Default Constructor (no parameters)

Student() {
name = "Unknown";
age = 18;
gpa = 3.0;
System.out.println("Default constructor called");
}

// 2. Parameterized Constructor
Student(String name, int age) {
this.name = name;
this.age = age;
System.out.println("Parameterized constructor (name, age) called");
}

// 3. Another Parameterized Constructor (overloaded)

Student(String name, int age, double gpa) {
this.name = name;
this.age = age;
this.gpa = gpa;
System.out.println("Parameterized constructor (name, age, gpa) called");
}

// 4. Copy Constructor
Student(Student other) {
this.name = other.name;
this.age = other.age;
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[Type text]

this.gpa = other.gpa;

void display() {
System.out.println("Name: " + name + ", Age: " + age + ", GPA: " + gpa);
}
}

public class Main {

public static void main(String[] args) {
// Creating objects using different constructors

// 1. Default constructor
Student s1 = new Student();
s1.display();

// 2. Parameterized constructor (2 args)

Student s2 = new Student("Alice", 20);
s2.display();

// 3. Parameterized constructor (3 args) - overloaded

Student s3 = new Student("Bob", 21, 3.8);
s3.display();
// 4. Copy constructor
Student s4 = new
Student(s3); s4.display();
}
}

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 Experiment- 4
Objective: Create java program using inheritance and polymorphism.

SOFTWARE REQUIRED: Eclipse,VS Code

THEORY:

1)Inheritance:

 Mechanism where a child class acquires properties/methods of parent

class

ypes of Inheritance
1. Single Inheritance

A subclass inherits from one superclass.

CODE:

class Animal
{ void
eat() {
System.out.println("This animal eats food");
}
}

class Dog extends

Animal { void bark() {
System.out.println("Dog barks");
}
}

public class Main {

public static void main(String[]
args) { Dog d = new Dog();
d.eat();
d.bark();
}
}

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 2. Multilevel Inheritance

 A class inherits from a class which itself inherits from another class.

CODE:

class Grandparent
{ void
display1() {
System.out.println("Grandparent");
}
}

class Parent extends Grandparent

{ void display2() {
System.out.println("Parent");
}
}

class Child extends

Parent { void
display3() {
System.out.println("Child");
}
}

public class Test {

public static void main(String[]
args) { Child c = new Child();
c.display1();
c.display2();
c.display3();
}

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3.Hierarchical Inheritance

 Multiple classes inherit from the same parent class.

CODE:
class Animal{
void sound() {
System.out.println("Animal makes a sound");
}
}

class Cat extends

Animal { void
meow() {
System.out.println("Cat meows");
}
}

class Dog extends

Animal { void
bark() {
System.out.println("Dog barks");
}
}

public class Main {

public static void main(String[]
args) { Cat c = new Cat();
Dog d = new Dog();

c.sound();
c.meow();

d.sound();
d.bark();
}
}

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 2)Polymorphism
It allows objects to behave differently based on their context, even if they share the same
interface or method name.

Types of Polymorphism in Java

1. Compile-time polymorphism(Method Overloading):

 When multiple methods in the same class have the same name but different
parameters.

CODE:
class Calculator {
int add(int a, int b) {
return a + b;
}

double add(double a, double

b) { return a + b;
}

int add(int a, int b, int c) {

return a + b + c;
}
}

public class Main {

public static void main(String[] args) {
Calculator calc = new Calculator();
System.out.println(calc.add(2, 3)); // int version
System.out.println(calc.add(2.5, 3.5)); // double version
System.out.println(calc.add(1, 2, 3)); // 3-arg version
}
}

2. Runtime Polymorphism (Method Overriding)

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 When a subclass provides a specific implementation of a method already defined in its
superclass.

CODE:
class Animal {
void sound() {
System.out.println("Animal makes a sound");
}
}

class Dog extends Animal {

void sound() {
System.out.println("Animal makes a sound");
}
}

class Cat extends

Animal { void
sound() {
System.out.println("Cat meows");
}
}

public class Main {

public static void main(String[] args)
{ Animal a;

a = new Dog();
a.sound();

a = new Cat();
a.sound();
}
}

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[

Experiment-5
Objective: Implement user handling technique using exception handling and
multithreading.

Software Required: Eclipse,VS Code

Theory: Here are common java exceptions:

Arithmetic Exception Divide by zero, etc.

Null Pointer Exception Accessing members of a null object
Array Index Out Of Bounds Exception Invalid index in an array
IO Exception Input/output operation fails
Class Not Found Exception Class not found while loading

In java exception can be handle using:

try Defines a block of code to test for exceptions.

catch Catches and handles exceptions thrown in the try block.
finally Executes code after try/catch, whether or not an exception occurred.
throw Manually throws a specific exception.
throws Declares exceptions a method might throw to the caller.

Code:
//1.Arithmetic Exception
public class ExceptionHandling {
public class ExceptionHandling{
public static void main(String[] args) {
try{
int a=5/0;
}
catch(ArithmeticException e){
System.out.println("Exception caught:"+e.getMessage());
}
}
}

//2.Null Pointer Exception Handling

try{
String str=null;
System.out.print(str.length());
}
catch(NullPointerException e){
System.out.println("Exception
caught:"+e.getMessage());
}

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[

//3.Number Formal Exception Handling

try{
String Number="abc";
int b=Integer.parseInt(Number);
}
catch(NumberFormatException e){
System.out.println("Exception caught:"+e.getMessage());
}

//4.Array Index out of Exception Handling

try {
int[] arr = {1, 2, 3};
System.out.print(arr[5]);
} catch (ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException e) {
System.out.println("Exception caught: " + e.getMessage());
}

//multithreading

class A extends Thread {

public void run() {
for (int i = 1; i <= 10; i++) {
System.out.println("2 * " + i + " = " + (2 * i));
}
}
}

class B extends Thread {

public void run() {
for (int i = 1; i <= 10; i++) {
System.out.println("5 * " + i + " = " + (5 * i));
}
}
}

public class C {
public static void main(String[] args) {
A t1 = new A();
B t2 = new B();
t1.start();
t2.start();
}
}

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 [Type text]

Example 2:
class MyTask implements Runnable {
public void run() {
try {
System.out.println("Task started.");

// Simulate some work

for (int i = 1; i <= 3; i++) {
System.out.println("Step " + i);
if (i == 2) {
throw new RuntimeException("Error at step 2");
}
}

System.out.println("Task completed.");
} catch (Exception e) {
System.out.println("Caught exception: " + e.getMessage());
}
}
}

public class Main {

public static void main(String[] args) {
Runnable task = new MyTask();
Thread thread = new Thread(task);
thread.start();
}
}

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[]
Experiment-6

Experiment-6
Objective:Create a java program using java packages.

Software Required: Eclipse,VS Code

Theory:
Package Class Used Purpose
java.util ArrayList, Date Lists, date-time
java.text Simple Date Format Formatting Date objects
java.io File, I O Exception Creating/handling files
java.time Local Date Time Current date and time
java.math Big Decimal High-precision arithmetic

Code:
import java.math.BigInteger;
import java.util.Scanner;

public class PowerAndMod {

public static void main(String[ ] args) {
Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in);

System.out.print("Enter base: ");

BigInteger base = new BigInteger(scanner.nextLine());

System.out.print("Enter exponent: ");

BigInteger exponent = new BigInteger(scanner.nextLine());

System.out.print("Enter modulus: ");

BigInteger modulus = new BigInteger(scanner.nextLine());

BigInteger result = base.modPow(exponent, modulus);

System.out.println(base + "^" + exponent + " mod " + modulus + " = " + result);

scanner.close();
}
}

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[Type text]

Experiment-7
Objective:Create a java program using java I/O packages.

Software Required: Eclipse,VS Code

Code:
import java.io.FileWriter;
import java.io.FileReader;
import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.IOException;

public class SimpleFileIO {

public static void main(String[] args) {
String filename = "sample.txt";
String content = "Hello";

try {

FileWriter writer = new FileWriter(filename);

writer.write(content);
writer.close();
System.out.println("Successfully wrote to the file.");

FileReader reader = new FileReader(filename);

BufferedReader bufferedReader = new BufferedReader(reader);

System.out.println("Reading from the file:");

String line;
while ((line = bufferedReader.readLine()) != null) {
System.out.println(line);
}

bufferedReader.close();
reader.close();

} catch (IOException e) {
System.out.println("An error occurred:");
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}

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 Experiment-8
Objective:Create industry oriented application using Spring Framework

Student Management System with Spring Boot

Project Structure:
src/
├── main/
│ ├── java/com/example/studentmgmt/
│ │ ├── controller/
│ │ ├── model/
│ │ ├── repository/
│ │ └── StudentMgmtApplication.java
│ └── resources/
│ ├── application.properties
│ └── templates/
└── test/

Student entity:
@Entity
public class Student {
@Id
@GeneratedValue(strategy = GenerationType.IDENTITY)
private Long id;

@Column(nullable = false)
private String name;

@Column(nullable = false, unique = true)

private String email;

private String department;

// Constructors, getters, setters

}

Student Repository:
public interface StudentRepository extends JpaRepository<Student, Long> {
List<Student> findByDepartment(String department);
}

Student Controller:
@Controller
@RequestMapping("/students")
public class StudentController {

@Autowired
private StudentRepository studentRepository;

@GetMapping
public String listStudents(Model model) {
model.addAttribute("students", studentRepository.findAll());
return "students";
}

@GetMapping("/new")
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 public String showForm(Model model) {
model.addAttribute("student", new Student());
return "add-student";
}

@PostMapping("/add")
public String addStudent(@ModelAttribute Student student) {
studentRepository.save(student);
return "redirect:/students";
}
}

Students.html
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html xmlns:th="http://www.thymeleaf.org">
<head>
<title>Students</title>
</head>
<body>
<h1>Student List</h1>
<table>
<tr th:each="student : ${students}">
<td th:text="${student.id}"></td>
<td th:text="${student.name}"></td>
<td th:text="${student.email}"></td>
<td th:text="${student.department}"></td>
</tr>
</table>
<a href="/students/new">Add Student</a>
</body>
</html>

Add-student form.html
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html xmlns:th="http://www.thymeleaf.org">
<head>
<title>Add Student</title>
</head>
<body>
<h1>Add New Student</h1>
<form th:action="@{/students/add}" th:object="${student}" method="post">
Name: <input type="text" th:field="*{name}"><br>
Email: <input type="email" th:field="*{email}"><br>
Department: <input type="text" th:field="*{department}"><br>
<button type="submit">Submit</button>
</form>
</body>
</html>

Application.properties
# Database (using H2 for simplicity)
spring.datasource.url=jdbc:h2:mem:studentdb
spring.datasource.driverClassName=org.h2.Driver
spring.datasource.username=sa
spring.datasource.password=

# H2 Console (access at http://localhost:8080/h2-console)

spring.h2.console.enabled=true
spring.h2.console.path=/h2-console
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# JPA/Hibernate
spring.jpa.show-sql=true
spring.jpa.hibernate.ddl-auto=update
spring.jpa.properties.hibernate.format_sql=true

main application class

@SpringBootApplication
public class StudentMgmtApplication {
public static void main(String[] args) {
SpringApplication.run(StudentMgmtApplication.class, args);
}
}

Run the project:

1. Run StudentMgmt application.

2. Access at http://localhost:8080/students

Technologies used:

Component Technology
Backend Spring Boot 3.x
Database H2 Database
ORM Spring Data JPA
Templating Thymeleaf
Build Tool Maven / Gradle

Key Features

- Create, Read student records

Core Student Management - Simple department-based filtering
- Basic form validation (email format, required fields)

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 Experiment-9
Objective: Test restful web services using springboot.

Theory: pom.xml
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0
http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

<groupId>com.example</groupId>
<artifactId>simple-rest</artifactId>
<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
<packaging>jar</packaging>

<parent>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
<version>3.0.6</version>
</parent>

<dependencies>
<!-- Web starter -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
</dependency>

<!-- Testing starter -->

<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
</dependencies>

<properties>
<java.version>17</java.version>
</properties>

</project>

Application.java
package com.example.simplerest;

import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;

@SpringBootApplication
public class Application {
public static void main(String[] args) {
SpringApplication.run(Application.class, args);

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 }
}

HelloController.java
package com.example.simplerest;

import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;

@RestController
public class HelloController {

@GetMapping("/hello")
public String hello() {
return "Hello, World!";
}
}

HelloControllerTest.java
package com.example.simplerest;

import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.boot.test.autoconfigure.web.servlet.AutoConfigureMockMvc;
import org.springframework.boot.test.context.SpringBootTest;
import org.springframework.test.web.servlet.MockMvc;

import static org.springframework.test.web.servlet.request.MockMvcRequestBuilders.get;

import static org.springframework.test.web.servlet.result.MockMvcResultMatchers.content;
import static org.springframework.test.web.servlet.result.MockMvcResultMatchers.status;

@SpringBootTest
@AutoConfigureMockMvc
public class HelloControllerTest {

@Autowired
private MockMvc mockMvc;

@Test
public void testHello() throws Exception {
mockMvc.perform(get("/hello"))
.andExpect(status().isOk())
.andExpect(content().string("Hello, World!"));
}
}

Run at browser:
https://localhost:8080/hello

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Running the project:

Testing at browser:

Running Test:

23
 Experiment-10
Objective: Test Frontened Web application with springboot.

Spring Boot Backend (Java)

backend/pom.xml
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
</dependencies>

HelloController.java
@RestController
@RequestMapping("/api")
public class HelloController {
@GetMapping("/hello")
public String sayHello() {
return "Hello from Spring Boot!";
}
}

Backened Test Example

@SpringBootTest
@AutoConfigureMockMvc
class HelloControllerTest {
@Autowired
private MockMvc mockMvc;

@Test
void helloEndpointReturnsMessage() throws Exception {
mockMvc.perform(get("/api/hello"))
.andExpect(status().isOk())
.andExpect(content().string("Hello from Spring Boot!"));
}
}
React Frontend with Testing

App.js

import React, { useEffect, useState } from 'react';

import axios from 'axios';

function App() {
const [msg, setMsg] = useState('');

useEffect(() => {
axios.get('http://localhost:8080/api/hello')
.then(res => setMsg(res.data));
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}, []);

return <h1>{msg}</h1>;
}

export default App;

App.test.js
import { render, screen } from '@testing-library/react';
import App from './App';
import axios from 'axios';

jest.mock('axios');

test('shows message from backend', async () => {

axios.get.mockResolvedValue({ data: 'Hello from Spring Boot!' });

render(<App />);
const msg = await screen.findByText('Hello from Spring Boot!');
expect(msg).toBeInTheDocument();
});

Run at:
http://localhost:3000

Start Backened:

Start Frontend:

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