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CCS372 Units 3 to 5 Technical Notes

The document covers server and storage virtualization, detailing types such as full, para, and OS-level virtualization, along with their benefits. It also discusses network virtualization technologies, hypervisors, and virtual machine management, including security concerns and best practices. Key tools and case studies like VMware vSphere and OpenStack are mentioned as examples of virtualization solutions.

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3 views2 pages

CCS372 Units 3 to 5 Technical Notes

The document covers server and storage virtualization, detailing types such as full, para, and OS-level virtualization, along with their benefits. It also discusses network virtualization technologies, hypervisors, and virtual machine management, including security concerns and best practices. Key tools and case studies like VMware vSphere and OpenStack are mentioned as examples of virtualization solutions.

Uploaded by

Kowsalya
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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CCS372 - Virtualization: Units 3 to 5 (Technical Notes)

UNIT 3: SERVER AND STORAGE VIRTUALIZATION

Server Virtualization is the process of partitioning a physical server into multiple virtual servers. It enables better

utilization of resources and flexibility in deployment.

Types of Server Virtualization:

- Full Virtualization: Emulates hardware to run unmodified guest OS (e.g., VMware ESXi).

- Para Virtualization: Guest OS is aware of virtualization and communicates with the hypervisor (e.g., Xen).

- OS-Level Virtualization: Uses a single OS kernel to run multiple isolated user-space instances (e.g., Docker, LXC).

Benefits:

- Maximized hardware usage

- Energy and cost savings

- Efficient resource allocation and management

Storage Virtualization:

- Combines multiple storage devices into a single logical pool.

- Types include block-level (SAN) and file-level (NAS) virtualization.

- Key techniques: RAID, Thin Provisioning, Storage Tiering, Snapshots.

UNIT 4: NETWORK VIRTUALIZATION AND HYPERVISORS

Network Virtualization abstracts networking hardware and services to allow dynamic and scalable network management.

Key Technologies:

- VLANs: Logical separation of networks within a switch.

- VXLANs: Overlay technology to scale VLANs beyond traditional limits.

- SDN (Software Defined Networking): Centralized network control via software APIs.

Hypervisors:

- Type 1 (Bare Metal): Runs directly on the physical hardware. Examples: VMware ESXi, Microsoft Hyper-V.

- Type 2 (Hosted): Runs on a host OS. Examples: VMware Workstation, Oracle VirtualBox.
CCS372 - Virtualization: Units 3 to 5 (Technical Notes)

Comparison:

Type 1 Hypervisors are more secure and performant for enterprise environments, while Type 2 are suitable for

development/testing environments.

UNIT 5: VIRTUAL MACHINE MANAGEMENT, SECURITY AND CASE STUDIES

Virtual Machine Management includes provisioning, monitoring, and migration of virtual machines.

Key Concepts:

- VM Provisioning: Creation and configuration of virtual machines using templates or automation tools.

- Monitoring: Tracking resource usage and performance metrics.

- Migration: Moving VMs across hosts, e.g., live migration (zero downtime), cold migration.

Security Concerns in Virtualization:

- VM Escape: Attacker breaks out of a VM to interact with the host.

- Hypervisor Threats: Attacks targeting the virtualization layer.

- Inter-VM Attacks: Data leakage or side-channel attacks between VMs.

Security Best Practices:

- Use hardened hypervisors

- Isolate network traffic with firewalls and VLANs

- Patch management and regular updates

Case Studies/Tools:

- VMware vSphere: Enterprise virtualization platform with robust management tools.

- KVM: Open-source Linux-based hypervisor integrated into the kernel.

- OpenStack: Open-source cloud operating system managing compute, storage, and network.

- Citrix XenServer: Commercial-grade virtualization solution built on Xen.

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