Chemistry 241 Practice Exam I Name(print)

Austell

USEFUL EQUATIONS, TABLES AND VALUES

F + F2 + 4Kw –K + K2a + 4KaF F + F2 + 4Kw

[H+] = [H+] = a [OH– ] =
2 2 2

–K + K2b + 4KbF [base] pK + pKa2

[OH– ] = b pH =pKa + Log10 pH = a1
2 [acid] 2

Ka1 Ka2 F + K a1 Kw Ka(A) Kb(B)

[H +] = K =
[H+] = Ka1 Ka2 K a1 + F Kw

H+ Ka
0 = 1 =
H+ + Ka +
H + Ka

H+2 Ka1 H+
0 = 1 =
H+2 + H+ Ka1 + Ka1 Ka2 H+2 + H+ Ka1 + Ka1 Ka2

Ka1 Ka2
2 =
+2
H + H+ Ka1 + Ka1 Ka2 Kw = 1.0 x 10-14 (treat as exact)

COMPOUND Ka1 Ka2 Ka3

-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Acetic Acid 1.75 x 10–5 ----- -----
Adipic Acid (C6H10O4 ) 3.80 x 10–5 3.80 x 10–6 -----

Aminobenzene 2.51 x 10–5 ----- -----

(aniline, C6H5NH2)
Ammonia 5.70 x 10-10 ----- -----
-5
Butanoic Acid 1.52 x 10 ----- -----
(CH3CH2CH2CO2H)
Carbonic Acid 4.45 x 10–7 4.69 x 10–11 -----
-11
Ethylamine 2.31 x 10 ----- -----
(CH3CH2NH2)

Formic Acid (HCOOH) 1.80 x 10–4 ----- -----

Phenol (hydroxybenzene) 1.05 x 10–10 ----- -----

Phosphoric Acid (H3PO4) 7.11 x 10–3 6.32 x 10–8 7.10 x 10–13
Propanedioic Acid 1.42 x 10 -3 2.01 x 10 -6
(HO2CCH2CO2H)
Sulfurous Acid 1.23 x 10-2 6.60 x 10-8 ------
Confidence interval = x ± ts/ √ n

t table data
***Important Directions – READ CAREFULLY***

ALL ANSWERS MUST BE ON ANSWER SHEET. MUST SHOW ALL CALCULATION WHERE REQUESTED ON
WORK SHEETS TO GET ANY CREDIT. SHOW pH’s and pKa’s TO TWO DECIMAL PLACES.
SHOW ALL OTHER NUMBER CALCULATIONS TO 3 Sig Fig.
READ AND FOLLOW THE DIRECTIONS IN ALL QUESTIONS CAREFULLY.

I. Multiple Choice/short answer – Put the correct letter, word or number answer as appropriate in the
blank on the answer sheet.

1. The substance whose titration is shown above is a:

A) weak acid with pKa equal to 3.0 J) weak base with pKb equal to 3.0
B) weak acid with pKa equal to 4.0 K) weak base with pKb equal to 4.0
C) weak acid with pKa equal to 5.0 L) weak base with pKb equal to 5.0
D) weak acid with pKa equal to 6.0 M) weak base with pKb equal to 6.0
E) weak acid with pKa equal to 7.0 N) weak base with pKb equal to 7.0
F) weak acid with pKa equal to 8.0 O) weak base with pKb equal to 8.0
G) weak acid with pKa equal to 9.0 P) weak base with pKb equal to 9.0
H) weak acid with pKa equal to 10.0 Q) weak base with pKb equal to 10.0
2. The substance whose titration is shown above is composed of:
A) 2.4 mMoles of a weak acid Remember: 1 mMole = 1 x 10-3 mole
B) 4.8 mMoles of a weak acid
C) 6.4 mMoles of a weak acid
D) 9.6 mMoles of a weak acid
E) 14.4 mMoles of a weak acid
F) 2.4 mMoles of a weak base
G) 4.8 mMoles of a weak base
H) 6.4 mMoles of a weak base
 J) 9.6 mMoles of a weak base
K) 14.4 mMoles of a weak base

3. Which acid below is NOT classified as a STRONG acid?

A) HClO4 B. HCl C. HF D. HNO3 E. HBr
4. Which acid below plays the MOST important role in the buffering of your blood?

A) HCl B. H2CO3 C. H3PO4 D. H2SO4 E. HNO3

5. What acid is mixed with hydrochloric acid in a specific ratio to make aqua regia which can be used to
dissolve precious metals?
A) HClO4 B. HBr C. H2SO4 D. HNO3 E. HBr
- -9
6. The concentration of methoxide ion (CH3O ) in pure methanol (CH3OH) is 4.5 x 10 M
at 298 K. Calculate the autoprotolysis constant (K) for methanol.
-34 -9
A) 4.0 x 10 G) 4.5 x 10
-17 -10
B) 4.0 x 10 H) 2.8 x 10
-9 -7
C) 1.4 x 10 J) 1.0 x 10
-20 -17
D) 8.0 x 10 K) 2.0 x 10
-20 -17
E) 4.0 x 10 L) 1.0 x 10
-19
F) 1.6 x 10
7. Near what pH value or values will sulfurous acid make a good buffer?
A) 7.2 B) 6.3 C) 8.3 D) 6.3 & 10.3
E) 1.9 & 7.2 F) 4.5 G) 1.9 H) 10.3
8. The most likely reason a pH meter measurement (actual pH) will deviate from the calculated value at
concentrations of 0.100 M, 1 M and greater is…
A) error in the instrument electronics cause by ion interference at extremes of pH.
B) interference from sodium and potassium ions in the salt solutions used.
C) deviations in the activity coefficient (γ) seen at high ionic strengths making the activity not equal to
concentration.
D) the low electrolyte strength.
E) none of the above.
9. The fact that no acid strength stronger than that of H30+ can be measured in aqueous solution is known
as…?
10. What compound according the History Channel video we watched in class is produced in the largest amount
in the US annually? (put formula or name in blank on answer sheet)
11. Write out the charge and mass balance equations for a solution of 0.100 H2CO3. (2 pts each)

12. The pH of a 0.20 M solution of a weak base is 10.5. What is the pKb of this base?
A) 3.5 B) 6.3 C) 6.8 D) 8.0 E) 9.2 F) 10.5 G) 11.0 H) 12.1
13. What is the equilibrium constant for the reaction of formic acid with sodium hydroxide (NaOH)?
(to 3 sig. figs.)
14. The mean, standard deviation, and relative standard deviation for 357, 345, 297, and 315, are x = 328.5, s =
27.4, and 8.3%, respectively. If each of the numbers in the data set is divided by 3, what will be the
mean, standard deviation, and relative standard deviation?

A. 328.5, 27.4, 8.3%

B. 109.5, 9.1, 2.8%
C. 328.5, 27.4, 2.8%
D. 109.5, 9.1, 8.3%
E. 109.5, 27.4, 8.3%

15. The percentage of an additive in gasoline was measured six times with the following results: 0.13, 0.12,
0.16, 0.17, 0.20, and 0.11%. Report the 90% and 99% confidence intervals for the percentage of
additive.

II. Weak acid / weak base problems involving amino acids.

Consider the amino acid aspartic acid (See Table 10-1) for questions 1-6.

1. What is the pH of a 100.0 mL solution of 0.150 F disodium aspartate (fully deprotonated aspartic acid)?
2. What is the pH of a 100.0 mL solution of 0.150 F aspartic acid dihydrochloride (fully protonated aspartic
acid) after 1.200 g of NaOH (FW 40.00 g/mol) has been mixed with it?
3. How many grams of NaOH (FW 40.00 g/mol) must be added to 100.0 mL of 0.150 M aspartic acid
dihydrocholoride (fully protonated aspartic acid) to produce a solution of pH 9.00?
4. In what pH range will aspartic acid be found predominantly in a zwitterionic form? At what pH is the
maximum amount of zwitterion present? (2 questions worth 2 pts each)
5. Which species below would be the predominant species at pH 5.00?
6. What would the fractional composition (α) be for the following zwitterionic form of glycine be at pH 8.00?

7. Draw the proper structure with charges for the 2nd most abundant form of glycine found in solution at pH
8.00? (use the structure in #6 to help)

Note: Our exam in fall 2023 may have more titrations involving amino acid solutions and a statistics
question or two. See Acid-base practice handouts #4-6 and review of statistics.

III. Quick and easy titration problems

A 50.0 mL solution of 0.140 M butanoic acid is titrated with 0.100 M KOH. Find the volumes and pH’s
requested below.

1. What volume of base is needed to reach the equilibrium point?

2. What is the pH at the equivalence point?
3. What volume of base is needed to reach a pH of 7.00?
4. What is the pH after 80.0 mL of base have been added?
The end

Check that all pH’s are given to two decimal places on your
answer sheet, and other calculated answers are reported to 3
significant figures.