ba final
ba final
Mudaiyur-606 902
CCW331-Business Analytics
Name :
Register Number :
Year :
Semester :
ANNAMALAIAR COLLEGE OF
ENGINEERING
Mudaiyur-606902
BONAFIDE CERTIFICATE
NAME :
Certified that this is a bonafide record of work done by the above student in the
CCW331-Business Analytics period 2023 to 2024.
EX. PAGE
DATE NAME OF THE EXPERIMENT SIGN
NO. NO.
INDEX
EX. PAGE
DATE NAME OF THE EXPERIMENT SIGN
NO. NO.
EX.NO:1
MS Excel is used for processing the data that is in tabular form and then
performing mathematical functions on it to analyze it. This is what the Excel window
looks like (version 2007):
Excel is a tool for coordinating and performing calculations on data. It can examine
data, compute statistics, create pivot tables, and express data as a chart or graph. MS
Excel performs the following basic functions:
In MS Excel, there are rows and columns. The intersection of rows and
columns makes a cell. So each of the cells is an individual unit of data. Each
cell has a cell address which is the number of rows and alphabet of the column
it appears in. No two cells have the same address ever.
One can insert images and figures, header, and footer, charts, and sparklines and
even attach graphs, equations, and symbols.
Formulas
The unique functions that MS Excel has are Formulas & Data. Users can perform
the formula on data to analyze it quickly. Users have to select the cells for that and one
cell becomes one unit of data.
So, if the user selects 10 cells and applies an average formula to them, the user will
get an average of the data output of those 10 cells.
To apply a formula to any data, the user needs to select it without any space. Then
in the function bar, the user needs to type ‘=’ and the abbreviation of the formula the user
wishes to apply.
Data
From the Data menu, the user can perform functions without changing the original
data. Users can filter, add external data from the web & sort data without changing it. For
example, the user can sort the data in alphabetical order.
Page Layout
Users can apply themes, orientation, and check the page setup through the page layout
option.
Review
Proofreading like spell check can be performed for an excel sheet in the review section
and a user can even add comments or remarks in this part.
View
Different views and layouts in which the user wants the spreadsheet to be displayed can
be selected here. Options to zoom in and out, full screen, and pane arrangement are
available under this section.
There are several features that are available in Excel to make our task more
manageable. Some of the main features are:
1. AutoFormat: It allows the excel users to use predefined table formatting option.
4. AutoFill: This feature allows us to quickly fill cells with a repetitive or sequential
record such as chronological dates or numbers and repeated documents.
AutoFill can also be used to copy functions. We can also alter text and
numbers with this feature.
7. Charts: This feature will help you to present the data in graphical form by using
Pie, Bar, Line charts, and more.
8. PivotTable: It flips and sums data in seconds and allows us to
execute data analysis and generating documents like periodic
financial statements, statistical documents, etc. We can also
analyze complex data relationships graphically.
9. Shortcut Menus: The shortcut menu helps users to make the
work done
RESULT:
AIM:
To get the input from user and perform numerical operations (MAX ,MIN ,AVG,
SUM,SORT,ROUND)
PROCEDURE:
Let’s consider the following data:
● Type A1(=)
● Type 5+5
● Hit enter
1. Type B1(=SUM)
2. Double click the SUM command
3. Mark the range A1:A5
4. Hit enter
Step by step:
1. Type C1(=)
2. Select B1
3. Type dollar sign before column and row $B$1
4. Type (+)
5. Select A1
6. Hit enter
7. Fill the range C1:C10
a. MAX Function
The MAX function is a premade function in Excel, which finds the
highest number in a range. It is typed =MAX
The function ignores cells with text. It will only work for cells with numbers.
b. MIN Function
The MIN function is a premade function in Excel, which finds
the lowest number in a range. It is typed =MIN
How to use the =MIN function:
1. Select a cell
2. Type =MIN
3. Double click the MIN command
4. Select a range
5. Hit enter
C. AVERAGE Function
The AVERAGE function is a premade function in Excel, which calculates the
average (arithmetic mean).
It is typed =AVERAGE
It adds the range and divides it by the number of observations.
1. Select a cell
2. Type =AVERAGE
3. Double click the AVERAGE command
4. Select a range
5. Hit enter
6. Next, Fill
C. finding square root using SQRT Function
SQRT(number).Where number is the number or reference to the cell containing the
number for which you want to find the square root.
The ROUND Formula in Excel accepts the following parameters and arguments:
RESULT:
The program of get the input from user and perform numerical operations (MAX
,MIN ,AVG,SUM,SORT,ROUND) is successfully.
EX.NO:02(ii) PERFORM DATA IMPORT /EXPORT OPERATIONS FOR
AIM:
PROCEDURE:
The file type you select will depend on what type of file is required by the program
that will consume the exported data.
Sp
eci
fy
wh
ere
yo
u
want to save the file. Click Save.
A dialog box appears stating that some of the workbook features may be lost. Click Yes.
Steap 2: Import Data
Excel can import data from external data sources including other files,
databases, or web pages.
1. Click the Data tab on the Ribbon..
2. Click the Get Data button.
6. Click Import.
If, while importing external data, a security notice appears saying that it is
The Perform data import /export operations for different file formats is successfully.
EX.NO:03 MEAN, MEDIAN, MODE AND STANDARD DEVIATION,
AIM:
To perform statistical operations: Mean, Median, Mode and Standard deviation,
Variance, Skewness, Kurtosis
PROCEDURE:
Step 1: If you haven't already installed the Analysis ToolPak , Click the
Microsoft Officebutton, then click on the Excel Options , and then select Add-Ins ,
Click Go, check the AnalysisToolPak box, and click Ok.
Step 2: Select Data tab, then click on the Data Analysis option, then selects
Descriptive Statistics from the list and Click Ok. [Data tab >> Data Analysis >>
Descriptive Statistics]
Step 3: In the Input Range we select the data, and then select Output Range where
you want the output to be stored. If you don’t specify the output range it will throw
output in the new worksheet.
Step 4: Check Summary Statistics and Confidence Level for Mean options. By
default the confidence level is 95%. You can change the level as per the hypothesis
standard of study.
Step 5: When you click Ok, you will see the result in the selected output
range.
OUTPUT:
RESULT:
The perform statistical operations: Mean, Median, Mode and Standard deviation,
Variance, Skewness, Kurtosis is successfully
EX.NO:04
AIM:
To Perform Z-test, T-test & ANOVA
PROCEDURE:
Step 3: The next argument is “x.” Since we have already assumed the hypothesized
population mean is 6, apply this value to this argument
Step 4: The last argument is optional, so close the formula to get the Z.TEST value.
Step 5: It is a one-tailed Z TEST value to get the two-tailed Z.TEST value to multiply this
value by 2
Steps to perform T TEST: (to find p-value)
=T.TEST(A2:A7,B2:B7,1,2)
Step 2: Press “Enter,” and Excel will calculate the p-value as 0.38692 in cell B9.
Step 4: Click in the Output Range box and select cell E1.
Step 5: Click OK to view the results.
OUTPUT:
RESULT:
AIM:
To Perform data preprocessing operations on handling missing data , Normalization
PROCEDURE:
Normalization
RESULT:
The Perform data preprocessing operations on handling missing data , Normalization
is successfully.
EX.NO:06
AIM:
To perform dimensionality reductiom operation using PCA,KPCA & SVD
PROCEDURE:
PCA
KPCA
SVD
PROCEDURE:
To perform bivariate and multivariate analysis in Excel, follow these steps:
Bivariate Analysis
Bivariate analysis is the study of the relationship between two variables. It can be used
to identify patterns, correlations, and trends in the data.
There are a variety of bivariate analysis techniques that can be used in Excel, including:
o Scatter plots
o Correlation coefficients
o Linear regression
Multivariate Analysis
Multivariate analysis is the study of the relationship between three or more variables. It
can be used to identify patterns, correlations, and trends in the data that are not visible when
examining the variables individually. There are a variety of multivariate analysis techniques
that can be used in Excel, including:
Bivariate Analysis
Multivariate Analysis
RESULT:
DATE: APPLY AND EXPLORE VARIOUS PLOTTING FUNCTIONS ON THE DATA SET.
AIM:
To apply and explore various plotting functions on the data set.
PROCEDURE:
Step 1: Open the Excel workbook that contains the dataset that you want to plot.
Step 3: Click on the Insert tab and then select the type of chart or graph that you want to
create.
Step 4: In the Chart Wizard dialog box, select the options that you want for
OUTPUT:
RESULT:
The apply and explore various plotting functions on the data set is successfully.
EX.NO:09
AIM:
To explore the features of power BI Desktop.
PROCEDURE:
Visit https://powerbi.microsoft.com/en-us/downloads/
We can see the below screen after opening the Power BI Desktop.
Step 3: Explore the features.
• We can add visuals to the report page by clicking the New visual option.
• you can create reports and dashboards using as simple or as complex visualizations as
you want to represent your data set with.
• In Power BI we can create visuals such as; Ribbon chart, Waterfall chart, Scatter chart,
Pie chart, Map, Filled map, Funnel chart, Clustered bar chart, Gauge chart, et cetera…
Text Box
With the Text box option, we can insert a text box in the report page and set the
font type and font size for the text visual.
In the Insert tab, from the Text box option, we can insert a text box in the report
page and set the font type and font size for the text visual.
Using the Shapes option, we can insert shapes like block arrows pointing to
different directions and basic shapes such as circles, ovals, lines, pentagons, hexagons,
etcetera…
RESULT:
AIM:
To Prepare and load data
PROCEDURE:
(Users can import data from Azure Synapse Analytics SQL, Excel,
Text/CSV, Web, Amazon RedShift, Oracle, MySQL, Snowflake, SAP
databases, Google Big Query, MariaDB, SharePoint List, etc., in Power
BI Desktop based on their requirements.)
Step 5: Data Transformation (Optional):
If needed, use the Power Query Editor to clean and transform the data. Ex; (Shaping and
Cleaning data)
1. Right Click Sheet1 -> Rename. Rename it to Orders.
2. Right Click Order ID-> Remove Empty.
3. Right Click Order Date -> Date filters -> Between -> Filter Rows tab
select Advanced radio button -> Select 05-08-2014 in date picker
parallel to is after or equal to -> Select 11-05-2016 in date picker
parallel to is before or equal to.
4. Right Click Quantity -> Number filters -> Greater than or equal to ->
Filter Rows tab select Basic radio button -> Select 2 in drop-down
parallel is greater than or equal to -> OK
OUTPUT:
RESULT:
AIM:
To develop the data model
PROCEDURE:
Step 3: Then, click Options and settings -> Options -> Current File
Step 4: Next up, load the data by selecting Data Load option
Step 5: Upload the CSV files to your Power BI dashboard by clicking the “Get
data” option from thetop menu and then selecting “Text/CSV” option from
the dropdown list.
Ex; for this experiment we’ve imported the below csv file;
https://files.grouplens.org/datasets/movielens/ml-latest-small.zip
(You will see the four CSV files in the form of tables and their corresponding
columns in the Reports View as shown)
Step 6: Finally, to display the Power BI Model, click the “Model” icon from
the left menu bar on the Reports view.
OUTPUT:
RESULT:
AIM:
To perform DA calculations
PROCEDURE:
In Power BI, DAX can be used to construct two distinct kinds of expressions and
calculations:
i. Calculated columns
ii. Calculated measures
Step 3: In the Power BI Desktop left pane, select the Data tab
Step 4: Next, click the New Column button
Step 5:In the Formula bar, enter “Column =” and hit enter.
Steps to create Calculated Measure:
Step 6: Next, type the expression for the resultant size to the right of the equals sign.
OUTPUT:
RESULT:
AIM:
To design a report a analyst
PROCEDURE:
(Ex; here, we’ll be using the “Retail Analysis Sample” prepared by Microsoft
and Obvience)
Step 3: go to the “Datasets” section in your workspace and click the ‘Create report’
icon.
Step 6: Modifying;
Step 9: Save your report by clicking ‘File’ from the tab list and select ‘Save’
OUTPUT:
RESULT:
AIM:
PROCEDURE:
Step 2: Import the folder containing all CSVs into Power BI by selecting “Get Data”
option from the top ribbon, “More” from the bottom, then, select add folder and
input the path of the folder.
Step 5: Right-click on the column name, select “Replace values” and input
“.csv” in value to find and leave replacement value.
Step 6: Click close and apply to get the transformed data into the report.
Adding Numeric Cards: For our case, we will add Total views, Authors, and
Article count cards. To add a card, simply drag it from the visualization pane on the
right.Then, right-click on the data source, select the new measure option, and
input the format/formula for the same.
Step 8: Pick any non-null column from the data. and drag the measures into individual
cards.
click on three dots, select “Get more visuals” and in the marketplace, search for the
word cloud. You will see an official Microsoft visual. Click get it now to install.
Then, Drag the articles categories column into the word cloud category option to
generate word cloud.
Next up, select the username (distinct) as values and creator club status as a
legend.
Step 11: Adding Slicers to sort the data;
For our dataset, we will add two slicers: One for the blogathon editions or the data
source and the second one for the usernames column or the authors.
OUTPUT:
RESULT:
AIM:
PROEDURE:
Import the dataset into Power BI and perform data cleaning and transformation. This
may include handling missing data, removing duplicates, and converting data types.
Step 3: Data Exploration
Create visualizations to explore the dataset. Common visualizations for stock data
analysis include line charts to visualize stock price trends over time, bar charts for trading
volume, and candlestick charts to show open, close, high, and low prices.
Use Power BI to analyze and present trends in Apple's stock prices. You can create line
charts to illustrate daily, weekly, or monthly price trends. Identify key events or periods that
affected the stock price and add annotations to your visualizations to explain them.
Step 5: Dashboard Creation
Create a user-friendly dashboard in Power BI that includes all your visualizations, key
insights, and explanations. Design the dashboard to tell a compelling story about Apple's stock
price performance.
RESULT: