class 1 bcn
class 1 bcn
Computer networking is the practice of connecting multiple computing devices to share resources,
exchange data, and enable communication. Networks rely on physical and logical infrastructure to
function, and one of the fundamental components is cabling. Cables serve as the medium through
which data travels between devices, making them essential for wired networks.
Two commonly used types of network cables are crossover cables and straight-through cables,
which follow specific wiring standards to ensure proper communication. Additionally, understanding
the color coding of wires within Ethernet cables is crucial for correct installation and troubleshooting.
Straight-Through Cables
• Definition: A straight-through cable is a type of Ethernet cable in which the wiring is the
same on both ends. It follows either the T568A or T568B standard on both connectors.
• Purpose: These cables are used to connect different types of devices, such as:
o A switch to a hub.
• Pin Configuration:
o The pinout on both ends of the cable is identical, meaning Pin 1 on one connector
connects to Pin 1 on the other connector, and so on.
o Pin 1: Orange/White
o Pin 2: Orange
o Pin 3: Green/White
o Pin 4: Blue
o Pin 5: Blue/White
o Pin 6: Green
o Pin 7: Brown/White
o Pin 8: Brown
Crossover Cables
• Definition: A crossover cable has different wiring on each end. One connector follows the
T568A standard, while the other follows T568B.
• Purpose: These cables are used to connect similar types of devices, such as:
• Pin Configuration:
o End 1 (T568A):
▪ Pin 1: Green/White
▪ Pin 2: Green
▪ Pin 3: Orange/White
▪ Pin 4: Blue
▪ Pin 5: Blue/White
▪ Pin 6: Orange
▪ Pin 7: Brown/White
▪ Pin 8: Brown
o End 2 (T568B):
▪ Pin 1: Orange/White
▪ Pin 2: Orange
▪ Pin 3: Green/White
▪ Pin 4: Blue
▪ Pin 5: Blue/White
▪ Pin 6: Green
▪ Pin 7: Brown/White
▪ Pin 8: Brown
Ethernet cables, such as Cat5, Cat5e, and Cat6, consist of twisted pairs of wires. Each pair contains
two wires:
1. T568A
2. T568B
The wires inside the cable follow specific color codes to ensure proper pairing and signal
transmission.
• Solid Wires:
Twisted Pairs
The wires are twisted in pairs to reduce electromagnetic interference (EMI) and crosstalk between
the wires. Each pair is assigned a specific color:
This organization is critical when wiring connectors to maintain consistent communication and avoid
errors.
4. Conclusion
Understanding the differences between crossover and straight-through cables, as well as the role of
solid and dotted color wires, is essential for setting up and maintaining a functional wired network.
Proper cable selection ensures efficient data transmission and reduces connection issues. With
modern advancements like Auto-MDIX, some networking devices can automatically adjust for cable
type, but knowing the basics of cable wiring remains an invaluable skill for network administrators
and IT professionals.