1.

Vegetable Enterprise
Crop Season Area (m²) Planting Expected Key Tasks &
Density Yield Timing
Cabbage Winter (Apr 400 30 cm × 35 t/ha Nursery 4
– Aug) & 45 cm weeks →
Summer (Sep transplant;
– Jan, under harvest 90 days
shade net)
Tomatoes Early 300 60 cm 60 t/ha Seedling trays
Summer (greenhouse/low rows, 45 (4 weeks) →
(Sep) & Late tunnel) cm transplant;
Summer spacing trellis & prune;
(Jan) pick weekly
Onions Winter (May 200 15 cm 25 t/ha Direct seed;
– Jun rows harvest 150
sowing) days; cure 3
weeks
Peas Winter (Apr 150 double 8 t/ha Trellis net;
sowing) rows 10 (fresh pick every 2
cm apart pods) days for 4
weeks
Bell Summer (Oct 200 45 cm × 25 t/ha Mulch; stake;
Peppers transplant) 45 cm harvest 80–90
days
Carrots Winter ( 150 2 cm in- 40 t/ha Thinning 3
row weeks after
emergence;
harvest 90 days
Lettuce Winter 120 30 cm × 25 t/ha Succession
(April/May) 30 cm sow every 3
weeks
Rape Winter (Apr– 120 15 cm 20 t/ha Side-dress N 3
Aug) rows weeks after
transplant

Kitchen first, then weekly “Friday market” for surplus. Crop residues feed goats & pigs;
compostables go to vermicompost pit.

2. Cattle Enterprise
Parameter Dairy Herd Beef Herd
Starting stock 8 Friesian/Jersey cows + 1 bull 6 weaners for fattening
18 kg mixed ration (70 % good Brachiaria paddock + 5 kg home-mixed
Daily feed
pasture, 30 % dairy meal) concentrate
Production 18–20 ℓ/cow/day (school uses 60 250 kg live-weight gain per cycle (8
 Parameter Dairy Herd Beef Herd
target ℓ/week; surplus sold) months)
A.I. every 14–15 months; heat Buy weaners in Jan, sell finished steers
Reproduction
detection by pupils in Sep (pre-summer feed crunch)

3. Fish Enterprise (Tilapia)

Pond size &
3 ponds @ 12 m × 8 m, 1 m deep
number
Stocking density 3 fish/m² (≈ 2 800 fish total)
Homemade 28 % protein pellets (maize bran, soya, fishmeal) 5 % body
Feeding
weight/day
Fingerlings stocked Sept; harvest table-size (350 g) in Feb (rain-fed
Cycle
water turnover)
~ 900 kg/pond/yr; school kitchen takes 50 %, remainder sold to staff &
Yield
parents

4. Pig Enterprise
Breeding
4 sows + 1 boar (Large White × Landrace)
stock
Farrowings 2 litters/sow/year, 10 piglets/litter
Grow-out 3–4 months to 85 kg live weight
Feed 60 % school kitchen leftovers + 40 % formulated mash
± 280 market pigs; 6 slaughtered for school functions; balance sold as pork
Annual output
& bacon

5. Chicken Enterprise
Layers

 Flock: 300 layers (Hy-Line Brown) on deep litter

 Cycle: 18 mo production → cull for meat
 Eggs: 260 eggs/hen/yr ≈ 78 000 eggs (≈ 300 eggs/week to kitchen; rest sold)

Broilers

 Batch size: 200 chicks every 8 weeks

 Turn-around: 6 weeks to 2 kg dressed weight
 Sales: 50 % to kitchen (week-end meals); 50 % sold live or fresh-dressed
6. Sheep Enterprise (Dorper × Local)
 Flock: 25 ewes, 1 ram
 Breeding: Accelerated lambing every 8 months
 Target: 35 lambs/yr; 10 retained, 15 consumed by kitchen (special events), 10 sold as
mutton

7. Goat Enterprise (Boer for meat, Saanen cross for milk)

 Herd: 20 does (15 meat, 5 dual-purpose), 1 buck
 Kidding: 3 kids/2 yrs/doe
 Milk: 6 ℓ/day from Saanen crosses (used in school porridge)
 Meat: 20 kids finished to 22 kg carcass weight—half sold at Easter market, half for
kitchen stews

8. Key Production Factors, Risks & Management Actions

Factor Enterprises Risk / Practical Management at
Affected Opportunity School Farm
Irrigation Vegetables, Water stress ↓ Borehole + 10 000 L tank,
reliability pasture, fish yields drip lines, mulching, schedule
watering during off-peak
hours
Rainfall All field crops, Droughts or Plant drought-tolerant
variability grazing floods varieties; water-harvesting
trenches; raised beds for wet
spells
Monkeys & Vegetables, Crop theft, egg 2.5 m chain-link fence, scare
baboons chickens predation wires, reflective tape, student
patrols, secure hen-house
Insect pests Vegetables, Leaf damage, fruit Weekly scouting; neem +
(aphids, fruit- pasture loss chilli sprays; introduce
borer, ladybirds; rotate crops
armyworm)
Livestock Cattle, poultry, High mortality, Strict vaccination schedule;
diseases (FMD, pigs production loss footbaths; quarantine pen for
Newcastle, ASF) new stock
Feed availability Cattle, pigs, Undernutrition, ↑ Grow forage sorghum & sweet
& cost goats, chickens, costs potato vines; formulate rations
fish with school leftovers and
moringa leaf meal
Predators Poultry, young Stock losses Netting over runs; night
(hawks, bush goats/sheep housing; livestock guardian
cats, dogs) dog
 Soil fertility Vegetables Low yield, Compost from kitchen waste;
disease rotate legumes; periodic soil
susceptibility testing; lime when pH < 5.5
Labor & student All Missed husbandry Farm club rota; task boards;
timetable tasks weekend caretaker for
livestock
Market price Surplus Lower revenue Forward supply agreements
swings produce with local vendors; staggered
plantings; value-addition
(pickles, dried veg)
Record-keeping All Poor decisions, Student digital logbook
wastage (Google Sheets offline-sync)
updated each afternoon

Monitoring & Continuous Improvement

1. Weekly crop walk (students + ag-science teacher) → note pests, irrigation issues.
2. Monthly livestock weight check using portable scale; adjust feed rates.
3. Term-end review meeting: compare yields to targets, recalculate kitchen demand, set
next term’s planting and stocking numbers.
4. Annual farm open day shows parents outcomes and raises funds.

Next Steps

 Design a simple Gantt chart or wall calendar mapping each enterprise’s key tasks
—let me know if you’d like a printable version.
 Budget update: I can provide a cash-flow projection reflecting the new production
plans.

Just tell me what format or extra detail you need, and I’ll prepare it!

GreenFuture School Farm Business Plan

Sustainable Production for School Kitchen and Income
Generation
(Zimbabwe Context – Vegetable, Livestock & Fish Enterprises)

0. Project Management
0.1 Project Team

Role Person Involved Responsibilities

Project
Agriculture Teacher Overall supervision, training, farm planning
Coordinator
Farm Manager Appointed support staff Day-to-day farm operations
Record-keeping, planting, sales, animal
Student Committee Senior Agriculture Club
feeding
School Bursar/Head of Budgeting, cash management, expense
Financial Officer
Dept control
Kitchen Liaison School Kitchen Head Coordinating produce for meal planning

0.2 Timeline (First 12 Months)

Quarter Focus Area

Q1 Infrastructure setup, fencing, pond repairs, seedbed preparation, livestock housing
Planting (winter veg), chicken batch start, fish restocking, goat & cattle feeding
Q2
plan
Q3 Harvests (vegetables, eggs, milk), weekend markets begin, second broiler cycle
Q4 Summer planting, pig farrowing, end-of-year performance review

5.0 Marketing and Sales Plan

5.1 Target Markets

 Internal: School kitchen (first priority)

 Local Community: Parents, teachers, local vendors, tuckshops
 Bulk Buyers: Restaurants, butcheries, boarding schools (for pigs, goats, chickens)

5.2 Products for Sale

Product Category Market Format

Vegetables Fresh bundles at gate market & local grocers
Eggs Weekly trays (30s) to staff and tuckshop
Broilers Live or dressed (pre-order basis)
Pork, Mutton Sold per kg or as half carcasses
Fish Live or dressed on market days
Goat Milk Pre-ordered for health shops/staff

5.3 Promotion Strategies

 Announcements at assembly
 Posters around school and nearby community
 Social media for updates and orders (e.g., WhatsApp group for staff/parents)
 Farm Open Day with tasting stalls
6.0 Problems / Challenges
Challenge Risk / Impact Mitigation Strategy
Monkey/Baboon Damage to crops, loss of Electric fencing in hotspots; daily
Invasion fruit patrol
Water Shortages Low yields in dry months Borehole, drip irrigation, water
harvesting tanks
Limited Labor Missed feeding/weeding Farm Club Roster + dedicated
tasks support staff
Pests & Diseases Crop loss, livestock Organic sprays, vaccines, regular
mortality inspections
Input Price Volatility Increased cost of feed, Use compost, forage crops, bulk-
fertilizers buy inputs
Market Fluctuation Lower returns on sales Staggered planting; negotiate
supply agreements
Theft (esp. chickens) Loss of income and Night security patrol, padlocks,
animals staff oversight
Feed Shortages (dry Poor livestock weight gain Store maize stover, grow forage
season) sorghum early

7.0 Financial Projections (Annual Estimates)

7.1 Revenue Projections

Enterprise Revenue Estimate (USD)

Vegetable Sales $1,200
Egg Sales (300 hens) $600
Broiler Sales $1,000
Pork/Bacon Sales $1,500
Goat/Sheep Meat $800
Fish Sales $600
Milk Sales $500
(cow/goat)
Total Revenue $6,200

7.2 Cost Estimates

Expense Category Annual Cost (USD)

Seeds & Inputs $500
Feed (all livestock) $1,800
Vet & Health Supplies $300
Water/Irrigation $250
Security & Fencing $200
Infrastructure Repair $300
 Expense Category Annual Cost (USD)
Misc. & Labor Support $400
Total Expenses $3,750

7.3 Net Income

Estimated Annual Profit:

$6,200 – $3,750 = $2,450

Note: This is a conservative estimate; profits can rise with better yields, added value (e.g.,
drying veg), and reduced losses.

8.0 Conclusion
The GreenFuture School Farm represents a practical, scalable, and educational agricultural
initiative that provides:

 Nutritious food for students

 Hands-on training in farming and agribusiness
 A sustainable source of income to support school programs