Construction Materials Quality Test Concrete Section:-

1. Aggt’s
2. Cement
3. Masonry Stone
4. Drilled Core/Rock
5. Concrete
6. Re-bars

Definitions:-

- Aggt’s:- Fine Agg’t –Less than 0.5mm/P. 3/8”

C/Agg’t- >0.5mm

- Fine Agg’t:- Manufactured Sand

Natural Sand
- C/Agg’t/Crushed- 01, 02, 03 10mm, 20mm, 30mm

Agg’t Quality Test F/Agg’t

- Gradation /Sieve Analysis

- Mortar Strength
- Organic Impurities
- Clay Content/Pass No 200
- Clay Lumps & Friable Particles Sand Equivalent
- Specific Gravity
- Water Absorption
- Fineness Modulit
- Unit Weight /Density

C/Agg’t-Crushed
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- Gradation/Sieve Analysis
- Specific Gravity
- Water absorption
- Unit Weight
- Clay Lumps

Cement Q. Tests/OPC, PPC

- Setting Time/Consistency
- Cement mortar Strength
- Auto Clave Expansion
- Fines of Cement
- Sp. Gravity

Masonry Stone

- Compressive Strength
- Sp. Gravity
- Water Absorption

Rock Core Drilled

- Unconfined Compressive Strength (UCS)

- Point load (PL)
- Specific Gravity (SP.G)
- Unit Weight/Density
- Porosity

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 Concrete Test
- Concrete Mix Design
- Compressive Strength
- Slump Test
- Unit Weight

Re-bars Test
- Tensile Strength
- Yield Strength
- Elongation
- Mass per meter (kg/m)
- Bending
- Reduction of area

Sampling:- 3.Samples from each diameter. Randomly not less than 70cm in length and
(Nont bended sharp-cut at edges (two) edges.

Grades of Steel-(2)
G 40, G60
G 40 – minimum Yield strength = 300 Mpa and minimum tensile Strength = 500 Mpa or
280 and 420
G60- minimum Yield strength = 420 Mpa & minimum Tensile strength = 620 Mpa
Elongation – min 12 & 14%
Mass permeter (kg/m)
Length/weight (Unit wt.)

Test Procedures:- How to Lest

Gradation/Fine Agg’t/C/Agg’t
- Qurtering/Split Enough

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 - Oven Dry for 24hr + 110+ 50C
- Sieve by using sieves
- Calculate & Report

Mortar Strength/preparation
- Pass No 4 sieve:- Treated and
Recieved
- Sock in pure water for 24 hrs bouth treated & recieved (3% sodium Hydro-oxide
- Recived (As it is)
- Wash treated one by No 200 sive adding. Solution
- SSD Bouth (T & R) check SSD by cone test (weight)
o Cement -600gm
o Water-360ml
o Sand – Flow Table 10 blows 95-105
o Casting 2L/25 Blows in mold
- Tream after 2 hrs
- Stay for 24hrs in mold
- Put/sock in water for 1,3,7 Ages
- Fiend load & calculate R/T x 100 > 95%

Organic Impurities
- Air dry the sample
- Pass No 4 sieve
- Add the sample 3 ½ OZ
- Add sodium Hydroxide 7 OZ
- Shek well & Put for 24hrs
- Test by ASTM Fig No

Clay content/pass No 200 sieve

- Oven dry for 24 hrs110 + 50C
- Take weight > 500 gm ml
- Sock for 24hr in water

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 - Wash by 200 seive
- Oven dry for 24hrs 110 + 505
- Take weight (m2)
- Clay Content = M1-M2 x 100
M2
Clay Lumps of C/Agg’t
do gradation by sieves 1 ½”, ¾”, 3/8”, No 4
Pass 3/8” – Retain No 4 = 1000 gm
Pass ¾” – Retain 3/8” = 2000 gm
Pass 1 ½” –Retain ¾” = 3000gm
Over 1 ½” = 5000gm
1 ½ - Wash by No 4
¾” – Wash by No 4
3/8” – Wash by No 4
No4 – Wash by No 8 if % retain Less than 5% Reject A-B/A x 100
Clay Lumps = A-B/A x 100

Clay Lumps of Fine Agg’t

- Oven dry 1100C + 5 for 24 hrs
- Retain on 16 sieve and take weight (m1)
- Sock in water for 24hrs
- Wash by 20/850 MC sieve
- Oven dry for 24hrs/ 110+50C
- Take weight (m2)

Clay Lumps = m1-m2 x 100

m1
Sp. Gravity F/Agg’t (3)
- Sock in water for 24hrs
- SSD room T0C
- Check SSD by cone
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 - Weight Sand 500gm/use form at

3 Types of Sp. Gr.

1. Apparent
2. SSD
3. Bulk

1. Bulk Sp. Gr = A
(B+5-C)
2. SSD = S/(B+S-C)
3. Apparent = A/(B+A-C)

A=Weight of oven dry sample in air

B= Weight of pycnometer filled with water
C= Weight of py cnometer with sample and water at mark.
S = Weight of SSD sample in air
RF- ASTM C-128
04.02
Section 4, 1994

Sp. Gr. Of C/Agg’t (3)

- Oven dry sample for 24hrs 110 + 50C- Retain on No 4 Sieve

- Sock in H20 for 24hr
- SSD and weigh in air (B)
- Weigh in water (C)
- Oven dry 110 + 50C for 24hrs and weigh in air (A)
1. Bulk Sp. Gr = A/ (B-C)
2. Bulk Sp. Gr (SSD) = B/(B-C
3. Apparent = A/ (A-C)
A. Oven dry sample in air
B. SSD sample in air
C. Weight of sample in water. ASTM C-127-88 04.02
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 RF- section 4 1994

Sand Equivalent:- Preparation

- Air dry sample pass 4
- Take 3 OZ sample (2)
- Distilled water
- Stock solution - Ca Cl2
- Grad cylinder
- Wt putting assembly & Irrigator Tube
Water = 978ml
Ca Cl2 = 22ml
- 4” solution - Fill
Pore -3 OZ sand - Add in to the bottle
- Stay for 10 min before shake
- Shake - 90 cycle in 30 seconds
- Irrigate & fill 15” markSolution
- Put for 20min
- Take 1st clay reading
- Take 2nd Sand reading
SE = SR x 100
CR

Unit Weight F/A & C/Agg’t

- Loose unit weight
- Compact unit weight
- Loose-Fill the sample in mold & Tream- (road)
- Copact-3 layer /25 below and Tream

Water absorption

- Sock for 24 hrs in H20

- SSD take wt in air (m1)
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 - Oven dry for 24hr 110 0C + 5
- Take wt dry (m2)
% Absorption = m1 – m2 x 100
m2

Cement Test
Material Cement & H2 O
Equipment Auto Clave-
Expansion Tester
- Consistency tester
- Gillmore Neddles
- Molds
- Gasket
- Trawl
- V-cat Neddles
- Injector
- Key
- Stop Watch
- Thermometer 4600C

Procedures:-
Setting Time (Consistency)
- Weight Cement 500 gm
- Water cement ratio 0.26-0.33 initial water = 0.26 x 500 = 130ml
- Penetration – 10+1mm in 30 seconds for (Gillmore Niddle ) and 25mm in 30
seconds for N-Cat Neddle. Mixing hr = 3min
- Initial Setting time by Gillmore Neddle not less than one hrs & Final time setting
time not more than 10hrs. Initial setting time by V-Vat Neddle Not Less than
45min and final setting time not more than 6 hrs.
- Casting autoclave:- cement used for time of setting (consistency) x 2
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 - Water Ditto
- Tam ping by fingers 25 x 2 layers
- Put in moist place for 24hrs in mold
- Measure initial height by length comprator
- Put the specimen (Sample) in to the cylinder (auto clave expansion tester)
- Add 500 distilled water in to the cylinder
- Inject value Hole
- Use Gasket for Cylinder
- Tight the cylinder head bolts
- On all switch (1st portion 1hr heating period)
- Open draft (value (top one) until the steam come out. Then close.
- Close the vent value (down one)
- 2nd portion (3rd heating period)
- Switen of heater A or B
- Tight the bolts
- Keep it for 3 hrs

Cooling Period
- Put off the main switch
- Open the vent value (down)
- Stay until the pressure gauge becomes 20-25 PSI
- Then open the draft value (top one)

Final cooling
- Open the cylinder head Bolts
- Leave the bars for 15min
- Take out the bars from cylinder and stay for 15min in air
- Measure the height
- AEX = IL - FL x 0.001 x 100 = Blow 0.02 – 0.8 %
10” x 2.54cm
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Cement Mortar Test
- Cement 500gm
- Water cement ratio 0.485
- Standard Sand = 1375gm
- Casting 25 blows. Measuring 105-115 flow by caliper (4 sides) then 32blows 2
layers (wooden Standard)
- Treiming at the sometime
- Stay the specimen in mold for 24hrs then sock in water for Ages (1,3,7,14---

Concrete Mix Design

Materials – Cement = 50kg
- Sand = 40kg
- C/Agg’t = 80kg
- Water = 15litter

Equipments:- Molds Cube /Cylinder

- Tamping rod
- Slump test cone
- Pans
- Stop watch
- Measuring rulers
- Mallet (hammer)
- Viberator
- Trawles
- Shovels
- Mixer/lab
Mix Data – Sp. Gravity for Agg’ts & Cement
- % absorption
- Max Size of Agg’t

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 - F/Modules
- N/M/Content
- W/C-Ratio
- Air Content

Classes of Concrete
Classes C10, C15, C20, C25, C30, C35 C10 used for lean concrete and walk way
- 15 & 20 for masonry Foundation and head walls culvert
- C-25 used for all general use C-30 used for concrete bridges & railings and
prestressed concrete section
- 3 days = 40% of 28 days of days
- 7 days = 65% of 28 days
- 14 days = 75% of 28 days
- 28 days = 7d + (30 √ 7d)
- Cylinder molds 6” x 12” or 15cm x 30cm or 150mm x 300mm
- Cube molds = 15cm x 15cm

Conversion
- Cylinder to Cube = x 0.8 or ÷1.25
- Cube to cylinder = x 1.25 or ÷ 0.85

Mixing – 4 min = total

- 1min Dry batch
- 3 min with water
- 3 layer 25 blows. Cylinder
- 2 layer 32 blows. Cube
- Treaming after 2hrs (room T0C)
- Stay in mold for 24 hrs
- Sock in wate for Ages 7 days
14 days and
28 days
Compressive Strength

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 Cylinders-stay 2hrs before testing
- Cubes- test at the same time moist condition
- Masonry stone – cape-mortar before testing
- Drilled core – Tream bouth edges.

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 Concrete Mix Design
Project:-
Submitted By:-
- Class of Concrete:
- Desired Strength:
- Required Slump:
- Type of Cement:
Station of F/A –
Station of C/A -
Station of Cement
- Sp. Gr. of F/A – 2.65
- % Abs. F/A – 0.66
- N/M/C of F/A – 0.16
- F.M of F/A – 3.0
- Sp. Gr. of C/A – 2.64
- % Abs of C/A – 1.74
- N/M/C of C/A – 0.24
- Nominal Max Size of C/A – ¾”

- Absolute Volume of Cement – 425/3000 = 0.14167 m3

--
Water - 190/1000 = 0.19 m3
- Air – 2%/100 = 0.02 m3
Total Volume of Cement + Water + Air = 0.25167 m3
Agg’t volume 1-0.35167 = 0.64833 m3
F/A = 0.64833 x 0.35 = 0.2269 m3
C/A = 0.64833 x 0.65 = 0.4214 m3
- By weight : Cement = 0.14167 x 3.0 x 1000 = 425 kg/ m3
F/A = 0.2269 x 2.65 x 1000 = 601.3 kg/ m3
C/A = 0.4214 x 2.64 x 1000 = 1112.5 kg/ m3
- Mixing weight (Dry Base)
F/A = 601.3 x 0.5/100 = 3.01 lt
C/A = 1112.5 x 1.5/100 = 16.7lt
- Adjusted C/A, F/A, Cement and Water = (Lab batch)
F/A = 601.3 kg x 0.04 = 24.1 kg
C/A = 1112.5 kg x 0.04 = 44.5 kg
Cement = 425 kg x 0.04 = 17kg

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Water = 209.17 x 0.04 = 8.4 lt

Slake Durability test for rooks

1. Prepare 10 pices of rook each 40-60gm weight and a total weight of

450-550gm
2. Weigh the dram alone (C)
3. Weigh the dram and sample in air before oven dry (A)
4. Weigh the dram & sample after oven dry (B) and cool for 20 min.

W= (A-B) x 100
(B-C)

E.g. A= 2184.43gm (before oven dried)

B = 2181.21gm (after oven dried)
C = 1721.42 gm (mass of dram) then

(A-B)
W= (B-C) X 100

(2184.43 – 2181.21) X 100 = 0.70%

(2181.21 – 1721.43)

W = Percentage water content

B = Mass of dram plus oven-dingd
Sample before the First Cycle (after oven dry)
A = Mass of dram plus

Sample at Natural moisture content (before oven dry) NMC.

5. Fill the tank with distilled water at the mark and rotate the dram (test)
for 10 min.
6. Again oven dry for 16-24hrs 110+ 50C and cool for 20 min. then
repeat No 5 and No 6

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 7. Finally weigh the dram and sample after oven dry then

Id = (WF-C) X 100
(B-C)

Id = slake durability index (2nd cycle)

B = mass of dram plus oven – dried
Sample before the 1st cycle (g)
WF = mass of dram plus oven-dried sample retained after the second
cycle g

C = mass of dram
E.g. = B = 2181.21 gm
WF = 2178.18 gm
C = 1721.42 gm

Id = (2178.18 – 1721.42) X 100 = 99.34%

(2181.21 – 1721.42)

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