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Object Oriented Programming

The document outlines key concepts and questions related to Object-Oriented Programming (OOP) in C++, covering fundamental principles such as encapsulation, inheritance, polymorphism, and memory management. It includes sections on basic conceptual questions, inheritance, polymorphism, and advanced scenarios, as well as coding challenges and miscellaneous questions. The content serves as a comprehensive guide for understanding and applying OOP principles in C++.

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2 views3 pages

Object Oriented Programming

The document outlines key concepts and questions related to Object-Oriented Programming (OOP) in C++, covering fundamental principles such as encapsulation, inheritance, polymorphism, and memory management. It includes sections on basic conceptual questions, inheritance, polymorphism, and advanced scenarios, as well as coding challenges and miscellaneous questions. The content serves as a comprehensive guide for understanding and applying OOP principles in C++.

Uploaded by

Ankur verma
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as TXT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Object Oriented Programming

1. Basic Conceptual Questions


What is Object-Oriented Programming (OOP)?
What are the four main pillars of OOP?
How is OOP different from procedural programming?
What are classes and objects in C++?
What is the difference between structure (struct) and class (class) in C++?
What is encapsulation? How does it enhance security?
Explain abstraction with an example.
What is polymorphism? How is it achieved in C++?
What is inheritance? How does it help in code reusability?
Can we create an object of a class without defining it?

2. Inheritance-Based Questions
What are the different types of inheritance in C++?
What is the difference between private, protected, and public inheritance?
What happens when a derived class has a member function with the same name as the
base class?
What is virtual inheritance? Why is it needed?
Explain the diamond problem in C++ and how it can be solved.
What happens if the base class constructor is private? Can it still be inherited?
Can a constructor be inherited in C++?

3. Polymorphism-Based Questions
What is function overloading?
What is operator overloading? Give an example.
What is function overriding? How is it different from function overloading?
What is a virtual function?
What happens if a destructor is not declared as virtual in an inheritance
hierarchy?
What is a pure virtual function?
What is an abstract class?
Can we have a pure virtual destructor? If yes, why do we need it?

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4. Encapsulation & Abstraction-Based Questions


How does encapsulation help in achieving abstraction?
Can we access private members of a class outside the class?
What are getter and setter methods? Why are they used?
Can a class have all private members? If yes, how will objects interact with it?
What is the difference between a friend function and a member function?

5. Constructors & Destructors


What are constructors?
What are the different types of constructors in C++?
What is a copy constructor? When is it called?
What is the difference between a deep copy and a shallow copy?
When do we need to define our own copy constructor?
Can a constructor be private? If yes, when would you use it?
What is a destructor? When is it called?
Can we have a static constructor in C++?

6. Memory Management & Dynamic Allocation


What is the difference between new and malloc()?
What is the difference between delete and delete[]?
What are smart pointers? Explain unique_ptr, shared_ptr, and weak_ptr.
What happens if a constructor throws an exception?
How can we avoid memory leaks in C++?
What is RAII (Resource Acquisition Is Initialization)?

7. Virtual Functions & VTables


What is a virtual table (vtable)?
How does C++ implement runtime polymorphism using vtable and vptr?
What happens if a derived class does not override a virtual function of the base
class?
Can constructors be virtual in C++?
How does C++ resolve function calls when multiple inheritance is involved?

8. Static Members & Friend Functions


What are static variables in a class?
Can a static function access non-static members of a class?
What is a friend function? When would you use it?
What is the difference between a friend class and a friend function?

9. Advanced & Scenario-Based Questions


How can we prevent a class from being inherited?
How can we prevent object instantiation of a class?
What is the CRTP (Curiously Recurring Template Pattern) in C++?
How can we implement a singleton class in C++?
What is the rule of three, five, and zero in C++?
Can an abstract class have a constructor?
Explain covariant return types in function overriding.
What is object slicing? How can we prevent it?

10. Coding-Based Questions


Basic Coding Questions
Write a class in C++ that represents a Bank Account with deposit and withdrawal
functionalities.
Write a program to demonstrate constructor overloading.
Implement a class with getter and setter functions to access private members.
Intermediate Coding Questions
Implement a class hierarchy for different types of employees (e.g., full-time,
part-time) using inheritance.
Write a program demonstrating function overriding and runtime polymorphism.
Implement operator overloading for the + operator in a complex number class.
Advanced Coding Questions
Write a smart pointer class to handle dynamic memory.
Implement a deep copy constructor for a class that dynamically allocates memory.
Implement a thread-safe Singleton class in C++.

11. Miscellaneous & Trick Questions


Can a destructor be private? If yes, in what scenario?
Why can’t constructors be virtual?
What will happen if we don’t write a copy constructor but use = assignment?
What are explicit constructors in C++?
What is multiple dispatch? Does C++ support it?
How can you call the base class constructor from the derived class?
Can a function be both virtual and inline?
How do you implement dynamic polymorphism without virtual functions?
Can a function return an object of a class by reference?
What is delegating constructor in C++?

Wrap-Up Questions
How would you explain OOP concepts to a non-technical person?
What are some real-world applications of OOP?
When should we not use OOP?
How can we make C++ code more maintainable and scalable using OOP?

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