A geographic information system is a system designed to capture, store, manipulate, analyze, manage, and present all types of geographical

data. The acronym GIS is sometimes used for geographical information science or geospatial information studies to refer to the academic discipline or career of working with geographic information systems.[1] In the simplest terms, GIS is the merging of cartography, statistical analysis, and database technology. A GIS can be thought of as a systemit digitally creates and "manipulates" spatial areas that may be jurisdictional, purpose, or application-oriented. Generally, a GIS is custom-designed for an organization. Hence, a GIS developed for an application, jurisdiction, enterprise, or purpose may not be necessarily interoperable or compatible with a GIS that has been developed for some other application, jurisdiction, enterprise, or purpose. What goes beyond a GIS is a spatial data infrastructure (SDI), a concept that has no such restrictive boundaries. In a general sense, the term describes any information system that integrates, stores, edits, analyzes, shares, and displays geographic information for informing decision making. The term GIS-centric, however, has been specifically defined as the use of the Esri ArcGIS geodatabase as the asset/feature data repository central to computerized maintenance management system (CMMS) as a part of enterprise asset management and analytical software systems. GIS-centric certification criteria has been specifically defined by the National Association of GIS-Centric Solutions (NAGCS).[2] GIS applications are tools that allow users to create interactive queries (user-created searches), analyze spatial information, edit data in maps, and present the results of all these operations.[3] Geographic information science is the science underlying geographic concepts, applications, and systems.[4] Applications GIS is a relatively broad term, that can refer to a number of technologies and processes, so it is attached to many operations, in engineering, planning, management, and analysis. GIS techniques and technology Modern GIS technologies use digital information, for which various digitized data creation methods are used. The most common method of data creation is digitization, where a hard copy map or survey plan is transferred into a digital medium through the use of a computer-aided design (CAD) program, and geo-referencing capabilities. With the wide availability of ortho-rectified imagery (both from satellite and aerial sources), headsup digitizing is becoming the main avenue through which geographic data is extracted. Heads-up digitizing involves the tracing of geographic data directly on top of the aerial imagery instead of by the traditional method of tracing the geographic form on a separate digitizing tablet (heads-down digitizing).

GIS uncertainties GIS accuracy depends upon source data, and how it is encoded to be data referenced. Land surveyors have been able to provide a high level of positional accuracy utilizing the GPS derived positions. [14] the high-resolution digital terrain and aerial imagery,[15] the powerful computers, Web technology, are changing the quality, utility, and expectations of GIS to serve society on a grand scale, but nevertheless there are other source data that has an impact on the overall GIS accuracy like: paper maps that are not found to be very suitable to achieve the desired accuracy since the aging of maps affects their dimensional stability. In developing a digital topographic data base for a GIS, topographical maps are the main source of data. Aerial photography and satellite images are extra sources for collecting data and identifying attributes which can be mapped in layers over a location facsimile of scale. The scale of a map and geographical rendering area representation type are very important aspects since the information content depends mainly on the scale set and resulting locatability of the map's representations. In order to digitize a map, the map has to be checked within theoretical dimensions, then scanned into a raster format, and resulting raster data has to be given a theoretical dimension by a rubber sheeting/warping technology process.

A quantitative analysis of maps brings accuracy issues into focus. The electronic and other equipment used to make measurements for GIS is far more precise than the machines of conventional map analysis.[16] All geographical data are inherently inaccurate, and these inaccuracies will propagate through GIS operations in ways that are difficult to predict. A GIS can also convert existing digital information, which may not yet be in map form, into forms it can recognize, employ for its data analysis processes, and use in forming mapping output. For example, digital satellite images generated through remote sensing can be analyzed to produce a map-like layer of digital information about vegetative covers on land locations. Another fairly recently developed resource for naming GIS location objects is the Getty Thesaurus of Geographic Names (GTGN), which is a structured vocabulary containing about 1,000,000 names and other information about places.[17] Likewise, researched census or hydrological tabular data can be displayed in map-like form, serving as layers of thematic information for forming a GIS map. Data representation Main article: GIS file formats GIS data represents real objects (such as roads, land use, elevation, trees, waterways, etc.) with digital data determining the mix. Real objects can be divided into two abstractions: discrete objects (e.g., a house) and continuous fields (such as rainfall amount, or elevations). Traditionally, there are two broad methods used to store data in a GIS for both kinds of abstractions mapping references: raster images and vector. Points, lines, and polygons are the stuff of mapped location attribute references. A new hybrid method of storing data is that of identifying point clouds, which combine three-dimensional points with RGB information at each point, returning a "3D color image". GIS Thematic maps then are becoming more and more realistically visually descriptive of what they set out to show or determine. Data capture Example of hardware for mapping (GPS and laser rangefinder) and data collection (rugged computer). The current trend for GIS is that accurate mapping and data analysis are completed while in the field. Depicted hardware (field-map technology) is used mainly for forest inventories, monitoring and mapping. Data captureentering information into the systemconsumes much of the time of GIS practitioners. There are a variety of methods used to enter data into a GIS where it is stored in a digital format. Existing data printed on paper or PET film maps can be digitized or scanned to produce digital data. A digitizer produces vector data as an operator traces points, lines, and polygon boundaries from a map. Scanning a map results in raster data that could be further processed to produce vector data. Survey data can be directly entered into a GIS from digital data collection systems on survey instruments using a technique called coordinate geometry (COGO). Positions from a global navigation satellite system (GNSS) like Global Positioning System (GPS), another survey tool, can also be collected and then imported into a GIS. A current trend in data collection gives users the ability to utilize field computers with the ability to edit live data using wireless connections or disconnected editing sessions. This has been enhanced by the availability of low cost mapping grade GPS units with decimeter accuracy in real time. This eliminates the need to post process, import, and update the data in the office after fieldwork has been collected. This includes the ability to incorporate positions collected using a laser rangefinder. New technologies also allow users to create maps as well as analysis directly in the field, making projects more efficient and mapping more accurate. Remotely sensed data also plays an important role in data collection and consist of sensors attached to a platform. Sensors include cameras, digital scanners and LIDAR, while platforms usually consist of aircraft and satellites. Recently with the development of Miniature UAVs, aerial data collection is becoming possible at much lower costs, and on a more frequent basis. For example, the Aeryon Scout was used to map a 50 acre area with a Ground sample distance of 1 inch (2.54 cm) in only 12 minutes.[18]

The majority of digital data currently comes from photo interpretation of aerial photographs. Soft-copy workstations are used to digitize features directly from stereo pairs of digital photographs. These systems allow data to be captured in two and three dimensions, with elevations measured directly from a stereo pair using principles of photogrammetry. Currently, analog aerial photos are scanned before being entered into a soft-copy system, but as high quality digital cameras become cheaper this step will be skipped. Satellite remote sensing provides another important source of spatial data. Here satellites use different sensor packages to passively measure the reflectance from parts of the electromagnetic spectrum or radio waves that were sent out from an active sensor such as radar. Remote sensing collects raster data that can be further processed using different bands to identify objects and classes of interest, such as land cover. When data is captured, the user should consider if the data should be captured with either a relative accuracy or absolute accuracy, since this could not only influence how information will be interpreted but also the cost of data capture. In addition to collecting and entering spatial data, attribute data is also entered into a GIS. For vector data, this includes additional information about the objects represented in the system. After entering data into a GIS, the data usually requires editing, to remove errors, or further processing. For vector data it must be made "topologically correct" before it can be used for some advanced analysis. For example, in a road network, lines must connect with nodes at an intersection. Errors such as undershoots and overshoots must also be removed. For scanned maps, blemishes on the source map may need to be removed from the resulting raster. For example, a fleck of dirt might connect two lines that should not be connected. Raster-to-vector translation Data restructuring can be performed by a GIS to convert data into different formats. For example, a GIS may be used to convert a satellite image map to a vector structure by generating lines around all cells with the same classification, while determining the cell spatial relationships, such as adjacency or inclusion. More advanced data processing can occur with image processing, a technique developed in the late 1960s by NASA and the private sector to provide contrast enhancement, false colour rendering and a variety of other techniques including use of two dimensional Fourier transforms. Since digital data is collected and stored in various ways, the two data sources may not be entirely compatible. So a GIS must be able to convert geographic data from one structure to another.

Projections, coordinate systems and registration Main article: Map Projection The earth can be represented by various models, each of which may provide a different set of coordinates (e.g., latitude, longitude, elevation) for any given point on the Earth's surface. The simplest model is to assume the earth is a perfect sphere. As more measurements of the earth have accumulated, the models of the earth have become more sophisticated and more accurate. In fact, there are models that apply to different areas of the earth to provide increased accuracy (e.g., North American Datum, 1927 NAD27 works well in North America, but not in Europe). See datum (geodesy) for more information. The newer World Geodetic System, 1984 WGS84, works well around the world. Spatial analysis with GIS This is a rapidly changing field, and GIS packages are increasingly including analytical tools as standard builtin facilities or as optional toolsets, add-ins or 'analysts'. In many instances such facilities are provided by the original software suppliers (commercial vendors or collaborative non commercial development teams), whilst in

other cases facilities have been developed and are provided by third parties. Furthermore, many products offer software development kits (SDKs), programming languages and language support, scripting facilities and/or special interfaces for developing one's own analytical tools or variants. The website Geospatial Analysis and associated book/ebook attempt to provide a reasonably comprehensive guide to the subject. [19] The impact of these myriad paths to perform spatial analysis create a new dimension to business intelligence termed "spatial intelligence" which, when delivered via intranet, democratizes access to operational sorts not usually privy to this type of information. Slope and aspect Slope, aspect and surface curvature in terrain analysis are all derived from neighbourhood operations using elevation values of a cell's adjacent neighbours.[20] Authors such as Skidmore,[21] Jones[22] and Zhou and Liu[23] have compared techniques for calculating slope and aspect. Slope is a function of resolution, and the spatial resolution used to calculate slope and aspect should always be specified[24] The elevation at a point will have perpendicular tangents (slope) passing through the point, in an east-west and north-south direction. These two tangents give two components, z/x and z/y, which then be used to determine the overall direction of slope, and the aspect of the slope. The gradient is defined as a vector quantity with components equal to the partial derivatives of the surface in the x and y directions.[25] The calculation of the overall 3x3 grid slope and aspect for methods that determine east-west and north-south component use the following formulas respectively:

Zhou and Liu[23] describe another algorithm for calculating aspect, as follows:

Data analysis It is difficult to relate wetlands maps to rainfall amounts recorded at different points such as airports, television stations, and high schools. A GIS, however, can be used to depict two- and three-dimensional characteristics of the Earth's surface, subsurface, and atmosphere from information points. For example, a GIS can quickly generate a map with isopleth or contour lines that indicate differing amounts of rainfall. Such a map can be thought of as a rainfall contour map. Many sophisticated methods can estimate the characteristics of surfaces from a limited number of point measurements. A two-dimensional contour map created from the surface modeling of rainfall point measurements may be overlaid and analyzed with any other map in a GIS covering the same area. Additionally, from a series of three-dimensional points, or digital elevation model, isopleth lines representing elevation contours can be generated, along with slope analysis, shaded relief, and other elevation products. Watersheds can be easily defined for any given reach, by computing all of the areas contiguous and uphill from any given point of interest. Similarly, an expected thalweg of where surface water would want to travel in intermittent and permanent streams can be computed from elevation data in the GIS.

Topological modeling A GIS can recognize and analyze the spatial relationships that exist within digitally stored spatial data. These topological relationships allow complex spatial modelling and analysis to be performed. Topological relationships between geometric entities traditionally include adjacency (what adjoins what), containment (what encloses what), and proximity (how close something is to something else). Networks Geometric networks are linear networks of objects that can be used to represent interconnected features, and to perform special spatial analysis on them. A geometric network is composed of edges, which are connected at junction points, similar to graphs in mathematics and computer science. Just like graphs, networks can have weight and flow assigned to its edges, which can be used to represent various interconnected features more accurately. Geometric networks are often used to model road networks and public utility networks, such as electric, gas, and water networks. Network modeling is also commonly employed in transportation planning, hydrology modeling, and infrastructure modeling. Hydrological Modeling GIS hydrological models can provide a spatial element that other hydrological models lack, with the analysis of variables such as slope, aspect and watershed or catchment area.[26] Terrain analysis is fundamental to hydrology, since water always flows down a slope.[26] As basic terrain analysis of a digital elevation model (DEM) involves calculation of slope and aspect, DEMs are very useful for hydrological analysis. Slope and aspect can then be used to determine direction of surface runoff, and hence flow accumulation for the formation of streams, rivers and lakes. Areas of divergent flow can also give a clear indication of the boundaries of a catchment. Once a flow direction and accumulation matrix has been created, queries can be performed that show contributing or dispersal areas at a certain point.[26] More detail can be added to the model, such as terrain roughness, vegetation types and soil types, which can influence infiltration and evapotranspiration rates, and hence influencing surface flow. One of the main uses of hydrological modeling is in environmental contamination research. Cartographic modeling

An example of use of layers in a GIS application. In this example, the forest cover layer (light green) is at the bottom, with the topographic layer over it. Next up is the stream layer, then the boundary layer, then the road layer. The order is very important in order to properly display the final result. Note that the pond layer was located just below the stream layer, so that a stream line can be seen overlying one of the ponds. The term "cartographic modeling" was (probably) coined by Dana Tomlin in his PhD dissertation and later in his book which has the term in the title. Cartographic modeling refers to a process where several thematic layers of the same area are produced, processed, and analyzed. Tomlin used raster layers, but the overlay method (see

below) can be used more generally. Operations on map layers can be combined into algorithms, and eventually into simulation or optimization models. Map overlay The combination of several spatial datasets (points, lines or polygons) creates a new output vector dataset, visually similar to stacking several maps of the same region. These overlays are similar to mathematical Venn diagram overlays. A union overlay combines the geographic features and attribute tables of both inputs into a single new output. An intersect overlay defines the area where both inputs overlap and retains a set of attribute fields for each. A symmetric difference overlay defines an output area that includes the total area of both inputs except for the overlapping area. Data extraction is a GIS process similar to vector overlay, though it can be used in either vector or raster data analysis. Rather than combining the properties and features of both datasets, data extraction involves using a "clip" or "mask" to extract the features of one data set that fall within the spatial extent of another dataset. In raster data analysis, the overlay of datasets is accomplished through a process known as "local operation on multiple rasters" or "map algebra," through a function that combines the values of each raster's matrix. This function may weigh some inputs more than others through use of an "index model" that reflects the influence of various factors upon a geographic phenomenon. Geostatistics Main article: Geostatistics Geostatistics is a point-pattern analysis that produces field predictions from data points. It is a way of looking at the statistical properties of those special data. It is different from general applications of statistics because it employs the use of graph theory and matrix algebra to reduce the number of parameters in the data. Only the second-order properties of the GIS data are analyzed. When phenomena are measured, the observation methods dictate the accuracy of any subsequent analysis. Due to the nature of the data (e.g. traffic patterns in an urban environment; weather patterns over the Pacific Ocean), a constant or dynamic degree of precision is always lost in the measurement. This loss of precision is determined from the scale and distribution of the data collection. To determine the statistical relevance of the analysis, an average is determined so that points (gradients) outside of any immediate measurement can be included to determine their predicted behavior. This is due to the limitations of the applied statistic and data collection methods, and interpolation is required to predict the behavior of particles, points, and locations that are not directly measurable. Hillshade model derived from a Digital Elevation Model (DEM) of the Valestra area in the northern Apennines (Italy) Interpolation is the process by which a surface is created, usually a raster dataset, through the input of data collected at a number of sample points. There are several forms of interpolation, each which treats the data differently, depending on the properties of the data set. In comparing interpolation methods, the first consideration should be whether or not the source data will change (exact or approximate). Next is whether the method is subjective, a human interpretation, or objective. Then there is the nature of transitions between points: are they abrupt or gradual. Finally, there is whether a method is global (it uses the entire data set to form the model), or local where an algorithm is repeated for a small section of terrain. Interpolation is a justified measurement because of a spatial autocorrelation principle that recognizes that data collected at any position will have a great similarity to, or influence of those locations within its immediate vicinity.

Digital elevation models (DEM), triangulated irregular networks (TIN), edge finding algorithms, Thiessen polygons, Fourier analysis, (weighted) moving averages, inverse distance weighting, kriging, spline, and trend surface analysis are all mathematical methods to produce interpolative data. Address geocoding Main article: Geocoding Geocoding is interpolating spatial locations (X,Y coordinates) from street addresses or any other spatially referenced data such as ZIP Codes, parcel lots and address locations. A reference theme is required to geocode individual addresses, such as a road centerline file with address ranges. The individual address locations have historically been interpolated, or estimated, by examining address ranges along a road segment. These are usually provided in the form of a table or database. The GIS will then place a dot approximately where that address belongs along the segment of centerline. For example, an address point of 500 will be at the midpoint of a line segment that starts with address 1 and ends with address 1000. Geocoding can also be applied against actual parcel data, typically from municipal tax maps. In this case, the result of the geocoding will be an actually positioned space as opposed to an interpolated point. This approach is being increasingly used to provide more precise location information. There are several potentially dangerous caveats that are often overlooked when using interpolation. See the full entry for Geocoding for more information. Various algorithms are used to help with address matching when the spellings of addresses differ. Address information that a particular entity or organization has data on, such as the post office, may not entirely match the reference theme. There could be variations in street name spelling, community name, etc. Consequently, the user generally has the ability to make matching criteria more stringent, or to relax those parameters so that more addresses will be mapped. Care must be taken to review the results so as not to map addresses incorrectly due to overzealous matching parameters. Reverse geocoding Reverse geocoding is the process of returning an estimated street address number as it relates to a given coordinate. For example, a user can click on a road centerline theme (thus providing a coordinate) and have information returned that reflects the estimated house number. This house number is interpolated from a range assigned to that road segment. If the user clicks at the midpoint of a segment that starts with address 1 and ends with 100, the returned value will be somewhere near 50. Note that reverse geocoding does not return actual addresses, only estimates of what should be there based on the predetermined range. Data output and cartography Cartography is the design and production of maps, or visual representations of spatial data. The vast majority of modern cartography is done with the help of computers, usually using a GIS but production quality cartography is also achieved by importing layers into a design program to refine it. Most GIS software gives the user substantial control over the appearance of the data. Cartographic work serves two major functions: First, it produces graphics on the screen or on paper that convey the results of analysis to the people who make decisions about resources. Wall maps and other graphics can be generated, allowing the viewer to visualize and thereby understand the results of analyses or simulations of potential events. Web Map Servers facilitate distribution of generated maps through web browsers using various implementations of web-based application programming interfaces (AJAX, Java, Flash, etc.). Second, other database information can be generated for further analysis or use. An example would be a list of all addresses within one mile (1.6 km) of a toxic spill. Graphic display techniques

Traditional maps are abstractions of the real world, a sampling of important elements portrayed on a sheet of paper with symbols to represent physical objects. People who use maps must interpret these symbols. Topographic maps show the shape of land surface with contour lines or with shaded relief. Today, graphic display techniques such as shading based on altitude in a GIS can make relationships among map elements visible, heightening one's ability to extract and analyze information. For example, two types of data were combined in a GIS to produce a perspective view of a portion of San Mateo County, California.

The digital elevation model, consisting of surface elevations recorded on a 30-meter horizontal grid, shows high elevations as white and low elevation as black. The accompanying Landsat Thematic Mapper image shows a false-color infrared image looking down at the same area in 30-meter pixels, or picture elements, for the same coordinate points, pixel by pixel, as the elevation information.

A GIS was used to register and combine the two images to render the three-dimensional perspective view looking down the San Andreas Fault, using the Thematic Mapper image pixels, but shaded using the elevation of the landforms. The GIS display depends on the viewing point of the observer and time of day of the display, to properly render the shadows created by the sun's rays at that latitude, longitude, and time of day. An archeochrome is a new way of displaying spatial data. It is a thematic on a 3D map that is applied to a specific building or a part of a building. It is suited to the visual display of heat loss data. Spatial ETL Spatial ETL tools provide the data processing functionality of traditional Extract, Transform, Load (ETL) software, but with a primary focus on the ability to manage spatial data. They provide GIS users with the ability to translate data between different standards and proprietary formats, whilst geometrically transforming the data en-route. GIS Data Mining GIS or spatial data mining is the application of data mining methods to spatial data. Data mining, which is the partially automated search for hidden patterns in large databases, offers great potential benefits for applied GISbased decision-making. Typical applications including environmental monitoring. A characteristic of such applications is that spatial correlation between data measurements require the use of specialized algorithms for more efficient data analysis[27].

GIS developments

GeaBios tiny WMS/WFS client (Flash/DHTML) Many disciplines can benefit from GIS technology. An active GIS market has resulted in lower costs and continual improvements in the hardware and software components of GIS. These developments will, in turn, result in a much wider use of the technology[original research?] throughout science, government, business, and industry, with applications including real estate, public health, crime mapping, national defense, sustainable development, natural resources, landscape architecture, archaeology, regional and community planning, transportation and logistics. GIS is also diverging into location-based services (LBS). LBS allows GPS enabled mobile devices[28] to display their location in relation to fixed assets (nearest restaurant, gas station, fire hydrant), mobile assets (friends, children, police car) or to relay their position back to a central server for display or other processing. These services continue to develop with the increased integration of GPS functionality with increasingly powerful mobile electronics (cell phones, PDAs, laptops). OGC standards Main article: Open Geospatial Consortium The Open Geospatial Consortium (OGC) is an international industry consortium of 384 companies, government agencies, universities and individuals[29] participating in a consensus process to develop publicly available geoprocessing specifications. Open interfaces and protocols defined by OpenGIS Specifications support interoperable solutions that "geo-enable" the Web, wireless and location-based services, and mainstream IT, and empower technology developers to make complex spatial information and services accessible and useful with all kinds of applications. Open Geospatial Consortium (OGC) protocols include Web Map Service (WMS) and Web Feature Service (WFS). GIS products are broken down by the OGC into two categories, based on how completely and accurately the software follows the OGC specifications.

OGC standards help GIS tools communicate. Compliant Products are software products that comply to OGC's OpenGIS Specifications. When a product has been tested and certified as compliant through the OGC Testing Program, the product is automatically registered as "compliant" on this site. Implementing Products are software products that implement OpenGIS Specifications but have not yet passed a compliance test. Compliance tests are not available for all specifications. Developers can register their products as implementing draft or approved specifications, though OGC reserves the right to review and verify each entry. Web mapping Main article: Web mapping In recent years there has been an explosion of mapping applications on the web such as Google Maps and Bing Maps. These websites give the public access to huge amounts of geographic data. Some of them, like Google Maps and OpenLayers, expose an API that enable users to create custom applications. These toolkits commonly offer street maps, aerial/satellite imagery, geocoding, searches, and routing functionality. Other applications for publishing geographic information on the web include Cadcorp's GeognoSIS, ESRI's ArcIMS Server, Google Earth, Google Fusion Tables, and the open source alternatives of MapServer, Mapnik, and GeoServer. Global climate change, climate history program and prediction of its impact Maps have traditionally been used to explore the Earth and to exploit its resources. GIS technology, as an expansion of cartographic science, has enhanced the efficiency and analytic power of traditional mapping. Now, as the scientific community recognizes the environmental consequences of anthropogenic activities influencing climate change, GIS technology is becoming an essential tool to understand the impacts of this change over time.[30] GIS enables the combination of various sources of data with existing maps and up-to-date information from earth observation satellites along with the outputs of climate change models. This can help in understanding the effects of climate change on complex natural systems. One of the classic examples of this is the study of Arctic Ice Melting.

The outputs from a GIS in the form of maps combined with satellite imagery allow researchers to view their subjects in ways that literally never have been seen before. The images are also invaluable for conveying the effects of climate change to non-scientists. Adding the dimension of time The condition of the Earth's surface, atmosphere, and subsurface can be examined by feeding satellite data into a GIS. GIS technology gives researchers the ability to examine the variations in Earth processes over days, months, and years. As an example, the changes in vegetation vigor through a growing season can be animated to determine when drought was most extensive in a particular region. The resulting graphic, known as a normalized vegetation index, represents a rough measure of plant health. Working with two variables over time would then allow researchers to detect regional differences in the lag between a decline in rainfall and its effect on vegetation. GIS technology and the availability of digital data on regional and global scales enable such analyses. The satellite sensor output used to generate a vegetation graphic is produced for example by the Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer (AVHRR). This sensor system detects the amounts of energy reflected from the Earth's surface across various bands of the spectrum for surface areas of about 1 square kilometer. The satellite sensor produces images of a particular location on the Earth twice a day. AVHRR and more recently the Moderate-Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) are only two of many sensor systems used for Earth surface analysis. More sensors will follow, generating ever greater amounts of data. In addition to the integration of time in environmental studies, GIS is also being explored for its ability to track and model the progress of humans throughout their daily routines. A concrete example of progress in this area is the recent release of time-specific population data by the US Census. In this data set, the populations of cities are shown for daytime and evening hours highlighting the pattern of concentration and dispersion generated by North American commuting patterns. The manipulation and generation of data required to produce this data would not have been possible without GIS. Using models to project the data held by a GIS forward in time have enabled planners to test policy decisions using Spatial Decision Support Systems.

Magnasoft - About Us
About Us The application of geospatial technology today, extends far beyond the traditional boundaries of mapping. Today business organizations and government departments worldwide are leveraging the power of GIS to improve services and boast productivity. The challenge for them, however, is how to do it at a reasonable cost, have control over execution time, ensure the quality of solutions and keep abreast of changing technologies. Magnasoft Incorporated in year 2000 combines the power of GIS technology with extensive subject matter expertise to implement powerful spatial technology solutions that integrate seamlessly with the IT framework of organizations. From Data capture and conversion, Application development, Enterprise Integration and Photogrammetry, covering the complete terrain in spatial systems. Magnasoft, latest endeavor includes Market Mapper for mapping the market potential, North Star, location based navigation product for School buses in 2009 and have planned an array of products to come in near future.

Magnasoft is mentored by Global Technology Ventures, a premier venture capital company. Vision Accelerated Growth by 2015, by providing multi-focussed spatial solutions, through responsible value addition. Mission Locate....for a better living ! Values At Magnasoft, Complete Ownership of customer needs by practicing: C Complete Ownership I Integrity: Complete ownership to be ethical, sincere and open C Customer Needs: Complete ownership that delivers customer delight by understanding of customer needs A Accountable: Complete ownership to meet & exceed targets that are set for internal & external customer R Respect: Complete ownership to treat people fairly while facilitating accelerated growth & learning E Entrepreneurship: Complete ownership of accelerated growth driven by collaborative Leadership

INVESTORS Global Technology Ventures Amalgamated Bean Coffee Trading Company (Coffee Day) Magnasoft is backed by Global Technology Ventures (GTV), a Bangalore-based venture investment company, set up by the Sivan Securities Group. Some of GTV's ventures are MindTree, Kshema Technologies, Ivega Corporation, and Ittiam. Visit Global Technology Ventures Ltd at http://www.gtvltd.com The Sivan Securities Group comprised of the erstwhile Sivan Securities Ltd., an investment banking & securities broking company (the broking arm has presently evolved into Way 2 Wealth Securities while the equity research and investment banking arm into GTV), and Amalgamated Bean Coffee Trading Company (ABC a.k.a Coffee Day), Indias largest exporter of green coffee. ABCs interests cover almost the entire gamut of businesses related to Coffee including plantations, exports, curing & roasting, domestic retail coffee and a chain of specialty coffee cafes. GTV partners with exceptional entrepreneurs, who have a gut for the original, and are passionately dedicated to building category-leading companies. Investing in ventures across all stages, GTV provides access to capital and resources to companies with global market leadership potential. Culture and Philosophy HR Philosophy

"To Make Our Internal Customers Traverse the Path of Accelerated Growth through Complete Ownership of Our Customer Needs by providing Fulfilling Career in Multi Focused Spatial Solutions, Services & Products to our Employees Delight" At Magnasoft we are driven by our strategic goal: "Accelerated growth by 2012 providing multi focused spatial solutions ensuring complete ownership of our customers needs" Magnasoft encourages collaboration amongst its members Magnasoft endeavors to: Inculcate an open, interactive, congenial and innovative work environment. Collaborative work environment aimed at achieving the highest quality results. Development of employees through training programs that would enhance their skills - a way of life at Magnasoft. Maintain a warm and positive work environment, where every employee maintains the self-confidence and self-esteem of others

Values The C-I-C-A-R-E Principle. At Magnasoft, Complete Ownership of customer needs by practicing: C I Complete Ownership Integrity: Complete ownership to be ethical, sincere and open

C Customer Needs: Complete ownership that delivers customer delight by understanding of customer needs A Accountable: Complete ownership to meet & exceed targets that are set for internal & external customer R E Respect: Complete ownership to treat people fairly while facilitating accelerated growth & learning Entrepreneurship: Complete ownership of accelerated growth driven by collaborative Leadership

Culture at Magnasoft Complete Ownership of Learning, Earning and Fun with Pride at work". We facilitate a friendly environment that enables our employees to take complete ownership of what ever they do. That is reflected in our associates relationships internally with colleagues, clients, partners, or the society in which we live. As a dynamic and fast growing company, we are committed to the complete ownership of continuous excellence by focusing beyond technology and practicing innovative methods of financial management, business development strategies and nurturing human resources. Well established HR policies and practices that cater to the diversified and far-flanked employees working across the globe. We take complete ownership to provide balance in professional and personal life of our employee's providing an invigorating working environment for overall development of an individual.

Competency building and continuous learning Magnasoft believes in "LIVING ON THE EDGE". Magnasoft inculcates an environment of competency An epitome that envisages the concept of competency building by constantly nourishes our employees through investment in skill enhancement programs and professional training that accelerates development of the overall personality of employees. All associates at Magnasoft are provided training program that will ensure long term growth and productivity. Performance Management The Performance Management System is a composite and is evolved from the current software industry trends and best practices to best suit our environment. The integrated approach of Complete Ownership is practiced to identify and reward employees appropriately at all levels in the organization. The senior management and middle management are highly mature in their approach, by practicing a more voluntary strategy and target-oriented MBO (Management by Objective). The system ensures vertical & horizontal growth of the organization.

Benefits Healthcare At Magnasoft we believe "a healthy associate is a happy associate". In consonance with the philosophy Magnasoft provides Health Insurance Benefits for all full-time associates and designated dependents. Associates and dependents are also provided access to insurance coverage under hospitalization scheme by United India Insurance Co. Ltd. In addition, Magnasoft associates have access to the group personal accident and life insurance. The overage starts from the day associate employment commences. Non-monetary Benefits Magnasoft provides competitive non-monetary benefits to its associates over and above their normal compensation to achieve maximum productivity by providing a satisfying and comfortable work environment. The facilities include:

Recreation room Cafeteria Photogrammtetry Lab Company-Wide Events and Celebrations to promote recognition, team interaction and bonding

Corporate Social Responsibility Our unique belief in being a responsible corporate have led us to create our own brand of "Complete Ownership of Social Responsibility" of participation ownership at Magnasoft. The belief is translated in facilitating our associates in their endeavors to be socially responsible citizens of the society in which they live. During the past decade, our economic reality has undergone a dramatic transformation and a fundamental shift. After years of economic expansion fueled by unrealistic rates of consumption and unsustainable levels of private debt, the global economy has reset at a lower baseline level of activity. Today, people borrow less, save more, and spend with much greater caution. This is the new normal and it will be with us for some time to

come. The issue now is how to respond!!! At Magnasoft, we look at this phenomenon as a transformation that will change the way we experience the world and share our experiences with others. It's a transformation in which the barriers between technologies will fall away so we can connect to people and information no matter where we are. It's a transformation where new innovations will shorten the path from inspiration to accomplishment. Magnasoft combines the power of GIS, LiDAR, mapping, photogrammetry and other geospatial technologies with extensive subject matter expertise to implement powerful GIS solutions that integrate seamlessly with the IT framework of organizations. From GIS Data capture and GIS data development, GIS Application development, 3D laser scan data processing and modeling, Enterprise Integration and Photogrammetry specializing in topographical, parcel and cadastral mapping, orthophoto generation and rectification, aerial triangulation, contour generation etc covering the complete terrain in GIS systems. For years, we at Magnasoft have talked about how our services enable companies to do more with less. But during this economic reset, we strive to provide business leaders with the answer to a slightly different question: Can my company do more, with less? Magnasoft Consulting is India's Smartest GIS Services provider established in 2000 & based out of Bangalore, India's Silicon Valley. Backed with a State of the art Infrastructure and an highly passionate and competent team we believe in creating a 'difference' in the world of GIS innovations. Our focus is on providing enable you to leverage adversities in your favor & gain definitive competitive differentials transforming your extended GIS team into a strategic asset that makes it possible to cut costs without crippling customer service or constraining workforce creativity and effectiveness. Our Emphasis has always been on 'Quality' and 'Process' enabling us to be a Great Business Partner to all our GIS Customers. Please feel free to contact us anytime, we welcome your feedback and inquiries regarding GIS Data capture and GIS data development, GIS Application development, 3D laser scan data processing and modeling, Enterprise Integration and Photogrammetry - specializing in topographical, parcel and cadastral mapping, orthophoto generation and rectification, aerial triangulation, contour generation etc covering the complete terrain in GIS systems. Quality & Processes Quality - A Journey to Excellence Our Quality Policy "Convergence of Minds, Processes and Efforts that Result in benchmarked Quality Products and Services Ensuring Customer Delight through Complete Ownership of Customer Needs." In today's competitive and dynamic business world, quality is the most essential ingredient for ensuring customer delight. Our Complete Quality Ownership culture is a journey to excellence that encompasses innovation and institutionalization providing integrity to operations. Our Complete Quality Ownership provides, focus, strategies and quality system that enable us to deliver performance and growth. Our focus on quality has been consistently recognized and rewarded by organizations all over the world, including:

We're a continuously learning and improving organization that guarantees customer delight by:

Understanding customer requirements and expectations through our domain knowledge and systematic requirements elicitation Conceiving value adding IT solutions Constantly improving quality focus in design and development Maintaining predictability of software quality and progress visibility Constantly addressing customer problems and issues Providing cost-effective solutions Magnasoft has achieved ISO 9001:2000 certification in a short period Magnasoft is one of the few GIS companies achieving ISO certification with distinction Magnasoft is among the recipients of the prestigious "European Seal of Excellence 2004" Magnasoft is the winner of the prestigious Udyog Rattan Award and the Exellence Award of 2009 from the Institute of Economic Studies for outstanding performance in productivity, quality, innovation and management.

Offices INDIA USA Europe

Head Office Atlanta, Georgia London, UK Magnasoft Consulting India (P) Ltd.Magnasoft Spatial Services Inc.Magnasoft Europe Ltd. 33/1, Lalbagh Road,2696, S. Colorado Blvd., #580,28 Britton Street, Bangalore 560027, India.Denver, CO 80222, USA.London ECIM 5UE Phone : +1 303 300 4840Phone : +44 870 803 1044 Tel: 91 (80) 4346-6000Atlanta, GAFax : +44 203 176 0035 Fax: 91 (80) 2222-7580 Phone: + 1 404 380 1598 SEZ Office Houston, Texas SEZ Tower-1,Office 2, 201B, 2ndPhone: + 1 713 429 Floor, Phone: + 1 713 609 9768 Global Village Special Economic Zone, Mylasandra, Pattanagere Village,Los Angeles, Califoria Bangalore, India.Phone: + 1 310 424 Fax : +1 303 484 2043 Tel: +91 (80) 4309-7444 web : Sales, Marketing & Alliances : marketing (at) magnasoft (dot) com

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Solutions Magnasoft is known for its reliable enterprise GIS solutions - solutions that integrate legacy data, systems, and applications into user-friendly, enterprise-wide solutions.

Our expertise enables using and managing GIS data easy by integrating GIS and computer-aided design and drafting (CADD) data, relational database management systems (RDBMS), open source GIS systems, and more into custom enterprise solutions. The knowledge and experience gained over the years enable us to understand customer business challenges and develop single enterprise strategy that will include current and future needs. On the basis of the strategy we select just the right technology, from the vast spectrum of GIS, for a costeffective, expeditious solution and support for the life-cycle of the enterprise solution. Magnasoft solutions include:

Enterprise GIS AMFM: Automated Mapping & Facility Mapping Asset Management Work Order Management Customer Information Services Field Force Automation Emergency Management Network Management Planning & Operations GIS Implementations & Management

Enterprise GIS Solutions

Magnasoft has many years of experience in architecting enterprise solutions across different verticals. We understand an enterprise wide implementation of GIS involves careful selection of appropriate standards and policies to support data interoperability between applications and to enable reliable Create Read Update Delete access to spatial data via any channel including desktop, web, sensor, mobile, etc. An Enterprise-wide GIS capability requires 'enterprise class qualities' that must be deployed in a server environment. It must be: Scalable Expand to support volume and performance demands for current and future needs Reliable Provide consistent and predictable results without monitoring Available Configured to support High Availability e.g. support clustering and fail over Flexible Easily configured to evolving business without significant downtime or affecting business continuity Secure Security access to data functions line with corporate policies; including support to directory services, delegation and encryption Measurable Performance monitoring of all aspects of operation by administrators determining support, problem identification and resolution using standard tools Standards-based Accessible via open standard protocols and formats Discoverable Geospatial services are indexed with a descriptor for easy accessibility

Automated Mapping & Facility Mapping Solutions Magnasoft specializes in Automated Mapping/Facilities Management Solutions (AM/FM) and Geographic Information Systems (GIS) for utility mapping projects worldwide. We offer AM/FM/GIS services to various utility companies covering the areas of gas distribution/transmission, electric distribution/transmission, telecommunications, cable and water/sewer Asset Management Solutions

Asset management systems integrated with a GIS allows municipalities, power distribution and water distribution companies to manage, visualize, analyze, and communicate information about infrastructure assets such as roads, bridges, water systems, wastewater systems, signage, meters, and equipment. Optimal deployment of service and maintenance resources for work on the right equipment at the correct location using GIS reduces expenses due to maintenance mistakes, and increases the quality of service. Field technicians can use GIS-enabled maintenance system that will reduce the amount of time looking for equipment requiring servicing as well as planning for efficient route to maintenance locations. Magnasoft's Asset Management GIS solutions provide managers with the system-wide spatially and temporally dynamic information necessary to maximize the capabilities, lifespan, and performance of expensive assets while simultaneously minimizing operating costs. Work Order Management Solutions Magnasoft Work Order Management solutions is the most comprehensive, it covers all types of maintenance work including service requests and scheduled preventive maintenance. An agency can schedule work by department, employee or crew and create projects for new construction or rehabilitation efforts. Magnasoft's Total Onsite Management Solution (TOMS) provides full Work Order Management capabilities for labor, equipment, materials, and supporting activity based reporting output and analysis Customer Information Management Solutions The truly progressive companies increasingly concentrate on managing customer relationships and customer life cycle instead of mere customer information. Superior business efficiency can be reached through a customer relationship management solution that supports the company's business processes and adapts to strategy-based operations. Magnasoft supports companies in the delivery of effective and efficient customer service by providing reliable information management systems. Field Force Automation Utilities, telecommunications companies and other service providers face stiff challenges to reduce operational hazards while improving customer service and retention to gain an edge in an increasingly competitive market place. Service providers make heavy investments on the field force management to gain confidence among the customers. Faced with the need for higher worker productivity and customer demand for faster and more efficient service, organizations are looking for ways to streamline and optimize the operations of their field service personnel. Field Force Automation solution from Magnasoft is combined with the cutting edge technology of mobile GIS, state of the order work order management system and back office software. Emergency Management Solutions Emergency Management depends on data from a variety of sources. The appropriate data has to be gathered, organized, and displayed logically to determine the size and scope of emergency management plan(s). During an actual emergency well organized data and logically displayed it is critical to have the right data at the right time displayed logically to respond and take appropriate action. Emergency personnel often need detailed information concerning pipelines, building layout, electrical distribution, sewer systems, and so forth. By utilizing a GIS, all departments can share information through databases on computer-generated maps in one location

Emergency Management Solution supports the following activities in emergency management: Planning Emergency management programs begin with locating and identifying potential emergency problems Mitigation As potential emergency situations are identified, mitigation needs can be determined and prioritized Preparedness Preparedness includes those activities that prepare for actual emergencies Response The closest (quickest) response units can be selected, routed, and dispatched to an emergency once the location is known Network Management Planning & Operations Solutions Magnasoft's Network Management Solution maximizes return on investment in distribution network. It is a comprehensive, integrated GIS solution for Outage and Distribution Management System featuring a common operations model, end-user applications, and decision support environment. Solution is customizable for electrical, gas and telecommunication industry. Network Management System accelerates network restoration, improves operational efficiency and system reliability, and is combined with distribution assets management system. Solution helps distribution companies in:

Manage Distribution Network Manage Outages Load Forecasting Network Analysis Engineering Analysis

GIS Implementations and Management The most comprehensive GIS project is when an enterprise GIS is fully implemented by an organization. These projects typically involve data conversion/migration, applications development, database design and development, user and administrators training, and technical support that may include staff augmentation. Magnasoft endeavor for enterprise implementation is a total GIS solution within the shortest amount of time. Starting from Requirement Analysis and Implementation Plan, and phase in the deployment of software, hardware, data training, and other components of an efficient and effective GIS infrastructure. Our goal for the implementation of enterprise GIS is to exceed customer expectations. We achieve this goal by assigning sufficient data conversion specialists to projects that will ensure the on time delivery of high-quality, accurate solutions. Services Overview Backed by domain knowledge and technology proficiency, skilled management and engineering teams and process approach in all our practices, we offer a range of services that enable end-users to use Gis effectively for diverse applications. These services cover the entire Gis project life cycle and include consulting, pilot projects, database design and development, application design and development, enterprise systems integration, Internet Gis and implementation. Magnasoft builds custom applications based on specific needs and complexity of requirements. Magnasoft checks software functionality or performance and working of the software. This is in relation to other software programs that are part of the "total system" including legacy databases, software, and hardware. Magnasoft provides expertise in developing Gis-integrated enterprise systems that provide data security, consistency and non-redundancy of data.

Magnasoft has a unique project model where our team works with internationally renowned experts in different industry domains to ensure that the business processes are suitably understood and successfully implemented. We combine the power of Gis technology with our extensive domain knowledge to develop powerful spatial technology solutions that integrate seamlessly with the information technology framework of the organization.

3D Laser Scanning Processing and Modeling Services Magnasofts 3D laser scanning division employs the best of the brains in the industry with immense domain knowledge that positions Magnasoft as a leader in 3D Laser scanning services. Laser triangulation is one of the most common techniques of 3D data acquisition. It is an active stereoscopic technique where the distance to the object is computed by means of a directional light source and a video camera. 2D arrays are faster and more accurate. 2D array of the CCD camera captures the surface profile's image and digitizes all data points along the laser. A simple expansion of this technique allows the complete geometry of the object to be captured The 3D Laser Scanning data team at Magnasoft strives to exceed client expectations on innovation and high quality of data delivery. The services offered by Magnasoft includes:

3D As-built Updation Reverse Engineering Wireframe Models NURBS / Rapid Surface Model Solid Model Noise Elimination & Polygon Reduction Surface Texturing / Photo draping Animation / Walk thru

With increasing demands for 3D viewing tools resting upon public authorities, architects and museums, Magnasoft specializes in delivering 3D models for any type of structure (production floors, bridge, water tower, road or tunnel) or building (religious, cultural or sporting). These are accurate to the nearest millimeter and provide a superlative level of realism.

Magnasoft provides services that include production of conventional facade plans, plan views, sections, points of disjunction, elevations and profiles from any digitized point of the structure concerned. Magnasoft provides the above services the following are the application areas: Architectural Restoration When original accents are lost the 3D Laser scan of the original object can be used to recreate templates and molds for many items including hand carved wooden posts, plaster appliqu, and metal hardware. Using CNC machining, replica components can be manufactured. "When an original is too expensive, make a new antique." Historical Archival / Museum Exact replicas of original art and historical artifacts can be created from 3D Laser Scans, providing historians and enthusiasts access to rare and delicate specimens for study. Replicas could be placed out for museum visitors to touch and hold. Virtual Museums could be made available world wide, while original specimens remains protected. Manufacturing & Reverse Engineering When there is an existing sample, scanning is the ideal basis for run of replacement parts. When replacement parts no longer exist, reverse engineering and short run manufacturing is often the only way to keep antique or legacy equipment in service. Forensics and Deformation Analysis For inspection of a failed part, a comparison can be made between a scanned model and the original CAD model or other sample. Fabrication and Construction Inspection Quality and integrity of manufacturing can be assured by comparing a production sample to both the original CAD file and a sample known to be within spec. Case Studies: Laser Scanning Processing and Modeling Projects Portfolio Gis Mapping Magnasoft has extensive experience in dealing with issues associated with land base facility database conversion and has assisted utility companies, municipalities, consulting firms, facility managers, town planners, architects and engineers. Our typical approach is that we first work towards understanding the legacy system existing in the client's premises based on which we propose, design and implement established quality procedures perfected over the last few years which is very much industry specific.

Data Conversion Data Loading Database Design Database Maintenance Data Migration Data Integration

We provide value added services not restricted to a single platform and multiple output formats after an intensive system study by our experienced project managers at the client site. The Project Manager works in close coordination with the technical experts of the client for effective communication and designing of an optimized workflow, which will enable greater clarity when the production starts. This will lead to a better output, reduced QC/QA procedures and near error-free outputs.

Our success is attributed to our skilled personnel, proven QA/QC systems, unparalleled client communications and attractive pricing. Our projects typically involve:

Survey and Data Collection Digitization/Drafting Georeferencing/Geocoding Data Attribution Image Processing DEM/DTM Generation Data Format Conversion

Data Migration from Digital Sources Many conversion projects require the translation of existing digital data obtained from legacy data systems. Data migration projects include source data in AutoCAD, MicroStation, dBase, Microsoft Access, etc. We help our clients generate a conversion matrix that maps the existing data to the target systems data model. Based on the conversion matrix and the required functionality of the new system, Magnasoft modifies existing tools and processes to migrate the data.

Data Maintenance Additionally, Magnasoft imparts experience, technical assistance, and actual maintenance or update services for general mapping, land base development and facility/land record conversion.

Pro-G Pro-G is a multifunctional, module-based, platform independent and secure solution for geospatial database maintenance. Pro-G is a great way to deliver accurate and easy Gis data maintenance. Whether your focus is in the area of Utilities, Land Administration, Oil & Gas, Transportation or Telecom, Pro-G provides the seamless, streamlined

and cost-effective platform for your Data maintenance needs, thus offering you the freedom to focus on your core-competency. Lidar LiDAR Data Processing Services Magnasoft provides LiDAR (Light Detection and Ranging) data processing services for various industries such as power (transmission), transportation, forestry, land use planning and emergency management. LiDAR(Light Detection And Ranging) is an optical remote sensing technology that can measure the distance to, or other properties of a target by illuminating the target with light, often using pulses from a laser, with very high accuracy and detail. Magnasoft maintains a dedicated capacity to process high volumes of highly dense LiDAR data to create very accurate 3D terrain and as built structural content. The company has extensive experience in providing data that has applications in the following areas:

Power transmission lines 3-D City modeling Flood mapping Disaster management Forestry Land mapping Agriculture and vegetation mapping Engineering and Construction

Photogrammetry Magnasoft's experienced team of Photogrammetrists can produce superior quality planimetric and topographic data with speed and consistency that can meet specifications of any Gis and are well equipped to provide the full range of services in digital Photogrammetry. Our project expertise ranges from creating basic planimetric features to complex 3D city models.

Magnasoft Photogrammetry Services:

Aerial Triangulation Softcopy Stereo Compilation (Planimetric/Vector Feature Extraction) Digital Elevation/Terrain Modeling Digital Orthophoto Production Production

Softcopy Stereo Compilation (Planimetric/Vector Feature Extraction)

Capturing planimetric and DTM features for stereo plotting scales ranging from 1:1000 to 1:5000 Digitizing manual contours for any scales

Aerial Triangulation

Block Triangulation and Analysis Automatic and Manual Aerial Triangulation with high precision Aerial Triangulation for ADS 40 digital images Exporting aerial Triangulation results in PATB and SocetSet format

Softcopy Stereo Compilation (Planimetric/Vector Feature Extraction)

Capturing planimetric and DTM features for stereo plotting scales ranging from 1:1000 to 1:5000 Digitizing manual contours for any scales

Digital Elevation/Terrain Modeling We create fully detailed digital terrain models (DTMs) for contour generation, Orthophoto Production rectification and digital elevation models (DEMs) for specialized applications such as 3D modeling and volumetric calculations. We have a powerful tool to generate automatic contour and advanced contour smoothing.

Digital Orthophoto Production Production Our Orthophoto Production production services includes Ortho-mosaicing, Color Balancing, Seamline editing and Tile cutting. We undertake Orthorectification with constant elevation sources in various formats including IMAGINE Raster, TerraModel TIN, SOCET SET TIN, 3D Shapefile, and ASCII text files Orthophoto Production Magnasoft has a dedicated team of experts that are well versed with global practices in Orthophoto Production production and orthorectification. The Orthophoto Productions produced by Magnasoft have been the source of base maps for various mapping projects such as land use planning, land administration, transportation, electric gas, water, sewer management and others. With an experience of delivering over 1000 of projects over the last decade, Magnasofts Orthophoto Production production services include:

Ortho-mosaicing Color Balancing Seamline editing and Tile cutting

Magnasoft undertakes Orthorectification with constant elevation sources in various formats including IMAGINE Raster, TerraModel TIN, SOCET SET TIN, 3D Shapefile, and ASCII text files. Further, Magnasoft has made significant investments in a state of the art in house technology infrastructure that can cut down the processing time drastically, to ensure timely and quality deliveries MOBILE MAPPING Mobile Mapping Data Processing The newly established mobile mapping team at Magnasoft consists of experts and the best of breed engineers who have been working on processing data captured using various vehicle mounted sensors, to deliver highly detailed, voluminous and most accurate data in time. Mobile mapping is the means of collecting geospatial data using mapping sensors that are mounted on a mobile platform. . Cameras, along with navigation and positioning sensors, e.g., the Global Positioning System (GPS), and inertial devices such as inertial measurement unit (IMU), are integrated and mounted on a mobile vehicle for mapping purposes. Objects can be directly measured and mapped from images that have been georeferenced using navigation and positioning sensors. Magnasofts Mobile Mapping department has been supporting its partners to cater to the following industries:

Highway Infrastructure Mapping Navigation Engineering and construction Corridor mapping 3D City modeling Transportation Internet Portal Companies

Using its in-house patent pending algorithmic programs Magnasoft has the capacity to deliver projects with very quick turn around times and with a high degree of precision. Software development

i.

Custom Application Development

Magnasoft follows the 4D methodology for product development / custom application development

Define

Business process Application Technology Content/data User experience Integration points Location of development work Organization of teams Training Timelines Measures of success

To understand how, first - we try and understand what this defines our basic paradigm. We try and understand thoroughly, the objectives that our solution is expected to fulfill. A key objective of this phase is to arrive at a consensus between the client and us on expectations, goals and delivery approach. Software Requirement Analysis This process is also known as feasibility study. In this phase, the development team visits the customer and studies their system. They investigate the need for possible software automation in the given system. By the end of the feasibility study, the team furnishes a document that holds the different specific recommendations for the candidate system. It also includes the personnel assignments, costs, project schedule. The requirement gathering process is intensified and focused specially on software. To understand the nature of the programs to be built, the system engineer or 'Analyst' must understand the information domain for the software, as well as required function, behavior, performance and interfacing. The essential purpose of this phase is to find the need and to define the problem that needs to be solved. Design The Design phase focuses on three key elements: content, functionality and usability. Other areas addressed in this phase include support and maintenance requirements, resulting hardware/server/database impact, and overall performance and cost issues. System Analysis and Design In this phase, the software development process, the software's overall structure and its nuances are defined. In terms of the client/server technology, the number of tiers needed for the package architecture, the database design, the data structure design etc... are all defined in this phase. A software development model is thus created. Analysis and Design are very crucial in the whole development cycle. Any glitch in the design phase could be very expensive to solve in the later stage of the software development. Much care is taken during this phase. The logical system of the product is developed in this phase.

Functional Design The first design activity is the development of a high-level, structural view of the application. This step focuses on determining the content and functionality necessary to meet established business requirements. It is often facilitated by a joint application design (JAD) session between Magnasoft and client project teams. Technical Design Guided by the functional design, Magnasoft's team will create a detailed application design. Once complete, the templates, graphical elements, and custom code modules necessary to implement the high- level design is initiated. Standards, features, graphics, database connectivity and dynamic report generation are agreed upon during this phase to ensure that users will be able to effectively view and navigate the site depending upon the usage environment. An acceptance test plan is developed as part of the technical design that thoroughly outlines the testing procedures for the system prior to deployment. Develop Code Development The design must be translated into a machine-readable form. The code generation step performs this task. If the design is performed in a detailed manner, code generation can be accomplished without much complication. Programming tools like compilers, interpreters, debuggers etc... are used to generate the code. Different high level programming languages like .NET, Java are used for coding. With respect to the type of application, the right programming language is chosen. Development is generally performed on a separate development system housed at a Magnasoft facility as part of our global delivery model. Magnasoft mirrors the client's environment to ensure smooth integration. Alternately, depending upon the client requirements, Magnasoft can provide expert resources at the client site in order to carry out the process. During the Develop stage, integration and setup of all hardware and software required to support the application, including the appropriate operating system, server, and database systems is carried out. This phase also includes a thorough integration, system, functional and acceptance test stage that ensures that the application performs according to its design and quality specifications. Magnasoft uses a proprietary AgileBased Client-Driven (ABCD) development approach that focuses on creating client delight through early and continuous delivery of valuable software using Agile practices. For the implementation, the people who design the system carry it forward to its conclusion, which is a successful rollout. We believe in taking our clients along with us throughout the course of the implementation. Our implementation design is modular and we have the processes to test each module before we integrate it for faster final deployment. The deliverables at the end of this phase are the complete system as per the specifications, and updated design documents. Verification and Validation (QA) Challenges are aplenty - global development teams with varied levels of integration, multiple concurrent product development, design documentation ranging from obsolete to evolving whiteboard designs, code ownership commitment amongst stakeholders, information communication leading to overlooked errors, ad-hoc last minute fixes or undocumented bugs and the list goes on. Magnasoft provides extensive quality assurance services to help clients deliver products with confidence. Our expertise in process-driven testing facilitates on-time releases while ensuring cost leadership, enabling ISVs to compete better in the market. As a vendor neutral and independent testing company, we look at your products objectively, ensuring a confident rollout. With exclusive testing engagements, our skills, tools, processes & infrastructure - tuned to

address unique nuances of every stage at product life cycle. We are fully adept working in a multi-vendor, dynamic environment and take ownership of code quality. Deploy Final deployment of the solution includes setup and testing of all application components developed by Magnasoft at the client's facility, as well as any required training on the application's use and operation. Our acceptance procedures include performance testing services encompassing review of architecture and usage, predictive modeling, stress testing, and detailed analysis and recommendations. Magnasoft offers deployment management solutions for your hosted product portfolio that lets you accomplish more with less and dramatically lessens the risk of "broken" deployment. Magnasoft product management services lets you receive rapid time to business value via Managed Software Solutions that includes deployment, best practices for configurations, customizations, patches and upgrades. Magnasoft Professional Services offers you implementation support, localization and variable staffing to meet specialized needs. Roll Out Final deployment of the site includes setup and testing on the clients systems. We actively participate with the client in the beta releases of the system, and our detailed logging mechanisms ensure that any bugs that have passed the earlier phases unnoticed are efficiently located and fixed. This phase also includes any necessary knowledge transfer, from technical documentation to user or technical training. Maintenance The software will definitely undergo change once it is delivered to the customer. There can be many reasons for this change to occur. Change could happen because of some unexpected input values into the system. In addition, the changes in the system could directly affect the software operations. The software should be developed to accommodate changes that could happen during the post implementation period. Key features of our custom application development approach include:

Agile-based process-oriented development principles Near-zero black box approach for involving clients from end-to-end stages of the development cycle Predefined methodologies and frameworks Structured and managed requirements definition process Proprietary tools to improve effectiveness of the development process Strong focus on quality Rigorous program management processes Effective communication and collaboration processe

ii. Application Migration Majority of the business around the world are undertaking application modernization owing to several challenges - changing business demands and technology challenges are forcing organizations to improve operational efficiency of applications, while managing risk; organizations are facing complexities of rising cost & complexity of maintenance with users clamoring for better applications & newer features on one hand, while budget constraints do not allow them to do much about it on the other; organizations are not sure whether internal IT teams are geared to be able to expedite application modernization. Critical application knowledge resides with a few people and there is little or poor documentation. And most importantly - mature systems are sitting on older technologies, while competitors are zooming in with great architectures and easy to use modern front-ends. Migration, as part of application modernization, leverages the current business model and the features of the

application to move towards enhancement in a cost-effective manner. Magnasoft can provide migration services that cater to varied platforms. We bring in our tools and expertise to make a smooth transition. Offering Magnasoft's approach to migration is to use software based automation to the maximum, ensuring the focus shifts from technology to the business processes present in the system. This is made possible by our emphasis on R&D which has yielded an ability to analyze the existing source code by means of tools, which allows for designing using UML notations. The usage of industry standards for the visual modeling allows business analysts to focus on the business process flow while the output of this modeling is fed to the tool for code generation. Magnasoft offers end-to-end migration services, starting from application analysis, target environment selection, strategy definition, to implementation & support. Our offerings for migration are as follows: Porting This primarily deals with enhancements made to the technical environment of the existing legacy system. The enhancements could involve changing the hardware platform, underlying language / application, database and/or operating system on which the system is currently deployed. The other technical aspects of the system such as data management mechanisms and application design are either not changed or changed very minimally. Conversion Programming language conversion or the data management technology is what typically constitutes the migration. Changes are made in the various parts of the application for data access and storage in the new data management environment. Magnasoft performs multiple types of conversions including conversion of application programs within the same platform - from one dialect of the programming language to another and from one language to another; conversion of database and data servers; and conversion of application programs and data across platforms. Version upgrades form a part of our conversion services. Extension Extension is more of a 'quick-fix' solution; in that it does not address the core problems in the application but seeks to merely replace certain functionality, such as the User Interface, to provide users with a modern look & feel. Integration The EAI offering addresses challenges caused by disparate systems on heterogeneous technologies, data management and duplication challenges in the organization. Our approach offers the following benefits:

Iterative and incremental development approach to gain early ROI Competency in a variety of technologies such as Arc Gis Server, Arc Gis Engine, ArcIMS, ArcPAD, Arc SDE, Map Objects, Arc Objects, MapX, Map Basic and Web Services as well as custom solutions

Engine, ArcIMS, ArcPAD, Arc SDE, Map Objects, Arc Objects, MapX, Map Basic and Web Services as well as custom solutions Magnasoft offers valuable application migration services where clients are satisfied with the functionality of the existing system and not willing to change the existing business process, but the existing application technology platform is outdated and not meeting the future business growth Enterprise System Integration

In the current competitive IT age, corporate organizations have to transform architecture systems to scalable and distributed internet-based network of conception, development, integration, and support are the constant needs of any technology and tools to the full advantage reaching to its business Strengths to meet your enterprise integration needs:

mainframe and client/server systems. Enterprise system smart organization to exploit performance and growth.

Technology Expertise Cross-platform Experience Application domain Expertise Global Enterprise Partners Quality and Process Focus

Gis integrated enterprise system brings Gis technology to core enterprise systems, providing a lasting solution to corporate Gis needs of your organization. Under any enterprise system, Geospatial data integration expands the scope of decision support and analysis capabilities. In order to provide business intelligence and knowledge-based enterprise system through Gis technology, tools and solutions, we offer our services from needs assessment to deployment and support, building a high-end Gisintegrated enterprise system with data security, consistency and non redundancy of data and applications. We offer needs assessment, requirements analysis, Gis-based system architecture, data warehouse and system design, system integration, deployment and post-deployment end-user support to maintain value of the enterprise system. Engineering Services Engineering in Piping & Structural disciplines of Hydrocarbon projects often contribute sizably to the resource as well as schedule crunch, as they account for the largest percentage of the home office hours. Magnasoft today is well geared to serve this exciting segment, having specialized design experience in this niche and critical area. Capable of professional execution that integrates well with overall project, we have a well laid out collaboration methodology, interdisciplinary checks, and proven tools in place. Our service philosophy and customer commitment leverage on Industry Standard Engineering Applications. Focus Areas Piping All aspects of Piping Engineering comprising preliminary routing, preparation of a list of critical pipes, stress analysis, verifying allowable limits and suggesting routing modifications. Also specifying location for all types of supports, preparation of data sheets for supports and issuing final isometrics. We also undertake documentation of stress analysis work for the Client as well as for 3rd party verification. 3D Modeling Building a 3D model based on the client's piping specs, P&IDs, equipment details and layouts. Updating the Model with vendor data or revised designs. Generate construction deliverables such as piping isometrics and MTO. Address specific client requirements on model/data integration. Process & Instrumentation Updating P&IDs based on client's revisions and as built markups. We have specialists for Hazop review, Model review for safety, constructability and operability.

Structural Conceptualization, Modeling, Analyzing , Designing and Detailing for all types of structures such as pipe racks, and technological structures. The deliverables being detailed structural Drawings and MTO. Also includes updating of plant 3D model. Collaborative Engineering During the execution, there will be online reviews between us and client project team, during which discipline Engineers will be the norm. At every stage of extensive documentation will be done. Model review for Operability, Constructability and Safety issues will be taken up at designated stages of the engineering progress, and the different levels of approvals. Our well equipped IT infrastructure and design review systems meet the challenges of a truly collaborative engineering exercise that fits the needs of any global enterprise, large or small. The Team Comprises highly skilled and motivated individuals who have come together to work for Engineering Services Division. For further details get in touch with our S&M manager at marketing (at) magnasoft (dot) com

Product: WHAT IS NORTHSTAR? Magnasoft NorthStar is a school bus and child safety, security tracking and monitoring system that is widely used by schools. It works with schools that have:

Fixed bus routes, and established pick-up and drop-off locations A set of varying bus routes, and varying pick-up and drop-off locations No fixed bus routes at all, and varying pick-up and drop-off locations A need to monitor the misuse of their fleets and reduce transportation and fuel costs No fixed routes or stops, but want NorthStar to provide predictable, accurate and efficient routes and stops Automatic attendance requirements to increase safety and efficiency Increased safety needs because of RTO or government requirements and regulations Limited resources for transport management, yet want to keep their buses and children safe Reputations to maintain with their parents, by providing international quality safety services International facilities, parents and children, who expect better quality of service

It uses both traditional and state-of-the-art tools, technologies, systems and processes to manage the safety and security of all its users, including:

Web-based tracking, monitoring, alerting and reporting A state-of-the-art "school bus black box" with sensors that work in real time A powerful, fault-tolerant "farm" of servers to process billions of bytes of information in real time 99.9% availability and uptime of services during schools hours A manned "Command Center" that monitors school buses and children during schools hours Instant alerts of times of arrival, delays, accidents, breakdowns over 5-second SMSs Automatic voice call alerts of times of arrival Live video of the inside of school buses to monitor children and drivers Automatic attendance both inside the bus and at school gates Integration with third party school management systems "Virtual Transport Administrator" to manage the school's transportation safety needs

WHAT IT DOES

Enables parents to receive instant SMS alerts when bus is within 10 minutes of the designated pick up and drop off points Notifies parents via SMS when the child boards and alights from the bus or enters/leaves the school Enables school authorities, fleet owners and parents to keep track of the bus online. Helps transporters and authorities to plan and manage the bus routes better, saving money and ensuring smooth and quick rides to the destinations. Sends instant SMS alerts to parents, authorities and transporters in cases of accidents Tracks the attendance of the child both on the bus and through the school gates Monitors the driving habits of drivers, and alerts school authorities of unsafe driving habits and trends Monitors the routes and stops that a bus takes, and alerts school authorities in cases of violations Monitors the misuse of the school bus and fuel, and alerts authorities in cases of problems Allows school authorities and parents to remotely view the inside of the school bus to monitor unruly children, misbehavior missing children and rash driving

HOW IT DOES IT NorthStar integrates a "school bus black box" with sensors into the bus to ensure safety and security of your children while they are on board the bus. The black boxes continuously (every 5 seconds) stream monitoring and tracking signals to the remote, integrated central server farm. The data from the black boxes of buses is: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. Analyzed in real time for violations, accidents, traffic jams, over-speeding, etc., Monitored for speed, fuel, route, stop and other changes, Scrutinized in real time to detect missing, truant or absent children Converted into SMS alerts that are sent to parents, authorities and transporters Stored or emailed as historical MIS reports for offline analysis Audited at the end of each day to rate and rank the best schools and drivers Technologies GIS Application Development Software ArcGIS Server, Engine, Explorer, Extensions, ArcPad, ArcInfo, ArcEditor, ArcView, ArcReader, Map Objects ArcFM (ArcGIS AM/FM/GIS) GRASS, Quantum GIS, gvSIG, GeoServer, MapServer, OpenLayers PostGIS, MySQL Spatial, Oracle Spatial, MS SQL Server 2008, PostgreSQL, Spatialware Visual Studio/.NET/C#, Eclipse/J2EE/Java Garmin, Magellan, TomTom, SiRF, Trimble, VisionTek, Falcom Bolero

ESRI (Application Development) Telvent Open Source GIS Databases Development Environments Hardware (GPS)

Autodesk Bentley ESRI (Data Development) MapInfo Domains

Data Conversion Software AutoDesk Map, AutoDesk Mapguide, AutoDesk Civil/Survey, AutoDesk Land Desktop Microstation J, Microstation Geographics ArcGIS Desktop, ArcSDE, ArcFM, OriginGIS MapInfo Extreme, MapInfo Professional Transportation, Location Based services, Engineering Services, Land Administration,

Databases

Data Conversion Software Utility (Electrical, Gas, Telcom, Water), Oil & Gas, Geological Mapping SQL Server, Access, Oracle 9, Oracle Spatial 10g Photogrammetry Software Leica Photogrammetry Suite, Summit Evolution - DAT/EM TerraScan, TerraModeler, Summit Evolution - DAT/EM, ArcGIS, ArcView, ERDAS Imagine, Autodesk, Bentley Microstation Leica Mosaic Pro, Adobe Photoshop, Summit Evolution - DAT/EM Bentley Microstation, Autodesk Topo Mouse,Stealth,Immersion Mouse, 3D Goggles and Emitter, Digital Photogrammetry Workstations with DPW Laser Scanning & 3D Building Software Leica cyclone version 7.0, Leica cloudworks version 4.11, Rapidform Version xor, Geomagic Version 11

Photogrammetry LiDAR Orthophoto 3D City Modeling Hardware

Laser Scanning & 3D Building

INDUSTRIES Land Administration Magnasoft is a leading player in providing GIS (Geographical Information System) for efficient land management with over 20 successful projects for leading government & private bodies. With expertise ranging over a decade, Magnasoft addresses spatial requirements for various land management functions such as planning, economic and community development, city-level administration, infrastructure maintenance, water supply and sanitation, property assessment and taxation, land records management, public health and waste management. Magnasoft expertise in Land Administration encompasses several verticals including: Cadastral/ Parcel Mapping Topographical Mapping and Data Overlays Land Information Systems Orthophoto Images As an end to end solution provider, Magnasoft facilitates additional consulting services, data services or implementation of commercial off-the-shelf products that integrates business data throughout your organization covering all your needs. Magnasoft helps you to utilize latest GIS innovations and achieve a state of management excellence being smart, agile and aligned which in turn improves the quality and leverages your operational investments. I Verticals - Cadastral Mapping

Magnasoft has complete in-house capability on cadastral mapping and base map creation.

Our cadastral mapping technicians are familiar with varied types of property records including the Public Land Survey System (PLSS). The team is experienced in all aspects of cadastral conversion, ranging from straight CAD digitizing to full COGO assembly and topological GIS database creation. Prior to kick-starting a parcel-mapping project, our senior mapping personnel meet with the client to review the project requirements and the status of the existing records. A procedural plan describing the project tasks, responsibilities, data sources, deliverables, and QC procedures is developed and provided to the client for approval. Mapping of a selected small pilot area is also typically performed and submitted to the client to verify the procedures and deliverables. Our cadastral workstations consist of dedicated computers running GIS/CAD software such as:

AutoCAD Map ARC/INFO ArcView MicroStation MapInfo

To maximize efficiency given the project requirements and target data format, a CAD/GIS environment is selected for the parcel compilation work. Magnasoft's professional cadastral mapping team, GIS analysts and project managers provide custom solutions that meet the requirements of our clients. Our cadastral services include:

Land Records Scanning & Mapping Coordinate Geometry (COGO) Mapping Digital/GIS Conversion Cadastral/CAMA Integration Cadastral/Land Use/Zoning Integration Cadastral Data Maintenance Web-based Data and Application Hosting

II Verticals - Land Information Systems At Magnasoft, an LIS is designed specifically to create, visualize, analyze, report and publish land-based data such as parcel information, zoning, land use, ownership and general property information. Also known as Land Records Information System (LRIS), it's commonly found among municipal agencies geared toward legal, administrative and economic spatial analysis. Magnasoft's services in the area of Land [Records] Information Systems, include:

User Needs Assessment Preparation of GIS standards Cadastral Mapping Development of an Enterprise-wide GIS Framework Land base Creation and Infrastructure Inventory Workflow Management Application Development, Enterprise Integration and Implementation Training and Capacity Building

Applications Our Land administration services and applications aid E-governance, and can be found in the following areas:

Development - Property Enumeration, Building & Planning

Property Mapping and Database Integration Property Classification for Reassessment Spatial Decision Support system with up to date information on proposed development, zoning, land use, housing code enforcement, building condition, occupancy analysis and community development

Safety - Fire and Police

Computer Aided Dispatch Systems with up-to-date street centerline coverage and asset database Routing applications for emergency response

Public Works

Creation of digital maps with location information on street lights, roads, parks and storm water drains Generation of reports and work schedules for maintenance staff Routing optimization for solid waste collection Spatial inventory of water/wastewater network Complaint and report tracking

Health

Spatial Decision Support system for disease monitoring and emergency preparedness Identification of impact zones Planning for control measures and effective response

UTILITIES Magnasoft brings extensive experience of services in the GIS Utilities vertical. We have aligned our services along with the changing business needs and infrastructural enhancements for better productivity which is a Key to Profitability. Our customers success and industry expertise in this vertical allows us to execute any challenging project in the Water & Wastewater, Electric, Gas, Energy and Municipalities around the world. Magnasoft has designed innovative solutions for Water & Wastewater, Electric and Gas management. In Water & Wastewater management, we uses spatial database effectively to reap the benefits of using GIS to manage infrastructure and assets, and extend these benefits for improving planning, customer care, and administrative processes. Visualization and mapping features give you an overall, connected view of your network in relation to your customers and surrounding infrastructure In Electric & Gas management segment, Magnasoft has provided in-depth understanding across the processes. The processes are: . Workflow and Process models Data models Location, Landbase and Infrastructure Data Output Products Physical Architecture Magnasoft GIS Utilities provides: Flexible, Open, and Powerful Utility Solutions Leading-edge Technology Solutions Better services due to in-depth understanding of Business and Technical issues

With unique combination of technical experts, strong industry knowledge, and global delivery capabilities, Magnasoft is most preferred partner for utility solutions. MINING The Mining industry is inherently spatial and requires accurate knowledge of areas of the earth's surface and subsurface, etc. Mining GIS software solutions concentrates on land ownership & mineral claims, exploration management, production and mine safety. Magnasoft spatial services intelligently manage all phases of the mining operations and facilitate versatile tools for gathering, storing, and accessing geographic information quickly and easily. Mines cover large expanses of land and require access to volumes of location-based information to guide the operation. To enhance the productivity and save costs, Magnasoft offers services to GIS professionals, managers, operations staff, etc. to incorporate recent survey data, designs the data into planning applications, tracking of existing infrastructure and integrating most updated information with the mine plan. Magnasoft professionals and geological consultants ensure that projects meet stringent time frames and exceed client expectations. Geological Mapping Services includes:

Cross-sections, surface, trench, factual outcrop, interpretive, dykes and metamorphic mapping Underground geology mapping Faults and overlay mapping Structural overlay mapping Lineament mapping Surface map 3D generation Well-log data capture and database creation Magnasoft professionals and geological consultants ensure that projects must meet stringent time frames and exceed client expectations.

OIL & GAS Magnasoft offers most comprehensive and efficient software solutions to address your unique business needs. We have continuously aligned our software solutions with the latest technologies to successfully meet the needs of this industry with a range of gravity and magnetic mapping, modeling and interpretation solutions. Magnasoft has helped various leading Oil & Gas organizations to optimize and validate their data according to the industry standards and improved their potential for successful deliveries. . Magnasoft services include: Pipeline Services Magnasoft GIS expertise extends to specialized applications and services to those companies and agencies that lay & maintain critical pipelines. We offer a full suite of services with a single database model that drives all sheet and application offerings. Our ability to use data across platforms and disciplines helps clients get their GIS efforts off the ground very quickly that too at extremely low costs and high quality of service.. Risk Assessment We help in reducing risk management with large format plotted reports that display pipeline data on a base map that show the consequences on the pipeline. The extraneous factors are Crossings, Weather, Corrosion, ROW Conditions, Proximity to Urban Centers and Drinking Water Sources etc.

HCA Analyses These sheets identify 'High Consequence Areas' (HCAs) along a pipeline like: Urban Centers, Schools, Churches, Warehouses Commercially navigable Waterways Engineering and / or cumulative station values for all areas Alignment Sheets These are classic sheets that show data and events on & around the pipeline. Generated on a prescribed format, it is possible to have them annually updated, saving time and cost for our clients. The output can be schematic, pipe on base map or any other format the client prescribes. With technical experts and in-depth domain knowledge, Magnasoft has delivered various successful projects meeting all the requirements of the client in the Oil & Gas industry within the tight timelines. Transportation Magnasoft GIS for Transportation serves three distinct needs of transportation professionals Infrastructure Management, Logistics & Fleet Management and Mass Transit Management. Also, provides solutions into Fleet Management & Logistics and Routing & Scheduling. Specifically, GIS can be used for route planning and analysis, bus dispatch & emergency response, automatic vehicle location & tracking, rail system facility management, accident reporting & analysis, demographic analysis & route restructuring, transportation planning and modeling. Magnasoft has delivered most powerful solutions for all transportation needs. Magnasoft services include: Updates Road Maps at city and country level Creates Road Centerline Maps for state highway systems and local roads Automated Vehicle Tracking System for fleet and logistics management including vehicle health management, trip details, and cargo details Online Tracking of registered assets and management services, user administration, generation of and two-way-messaging Application for alternate and optimized routing Automated tool for updating dynamic traffic flow data Querying functionality such as detours for defined road closures Development of road information management systems Magnasoft serves in segments: Infrastructure In any developing country, the road network is associated with various problems such as inadequate capacity, congested city roads, safety, lack of way side amenities, poor riding quality etc. Moreover, large volumes of data are required which further needs to be managed. Magnasoft helps you determine the location of an event/asset and its relationship or proximity to another event/asset which may be the critical factor leading to decisions with regard to design, construction, or maintenance. Mass Transit Magnasoft GIS helps in generating reliable information for the benefit of drivers, dispatchers, maintenance workers, route planners, management personnel and riders. Information on bus routes, current location & schedule adherence, subway stop location, emergency situations and locations, track condition and

bills

neighborhood characteristics are all factors that can be used to improve transit performance. Magnasoft works closely with its clients to understand their specific business needs & organizational goals and delivers best-in-class software solutions with client satisfaction. LOCATION BASED SERVICES To have anytime, anywhere access to your significant information, Magnasoft has the right solution for you. Delivering Location-based information on PDAs and other wireless devices can help organizations to manage workforce more efficiently to meet customer commitments and provide optimal service delivery, while reducing costs and streamlining operations. Magnasoft has developed a cutting edge back office and field force application solution for mobile enterprises. Coupled with our experience in systems integration and technology-platform bandwidth, we provide end-to-end business solutions in the GIS and PDA segments. With our extensive knowledge base and expertise we provide on-the-move solutions that are realistic and practical and meet the unique needs of our clients. Benefits with Magnasoft LBS solutions: Easily Track your workers in the field using spatial maps Quickly Check the services using spatial maps Get detailed analysis of the given Spatial services and of your business potential Improve your work and resource management . Magnasoft specializes in designing, developing and implementing complete LBS solutions for Personal Security and School Bus Safety systems. PRODUCTIVITY TOOLS Magnasoft offers a full suite of editing tools from proprietary architectures to wirelessly-networked, serverbased & handheld-based solutions that leverage SOA, Web controls and Web 2.0. GIS applications have largely been robust, vertically integrated, and client-server systems that are optimized to support specific business workflows like utility asset management, land or natural resources management, linear asset management and many similar applications. However, the geospatial data and analytical capabilities that GIS technology at Magnasoft makes possible are being leveraged by Magnasoft for an ever-wider range of personal productivity uses. The range of solutions provided at Magnasoft gives you wider options along with cost-effective services. Forestry Commercial forestry is a challenging business. Professional foresters are required to balance multiple resource objectives and constraints within the context of economic efficiency, productivity, and ecological sustainability with unprecedented challenges posed by increasingly complex regulatory requirements and evolving social expectations. As the depletion of the Earth's finite natural resources intensifies, organizations who are embedding eco-competitiveness into every area of business strategy and culture are delivering the greatest return. Organizations need to transform key stages in the sustainability value chain from measuring environmental impacts and making technology investments to evaluate and execute new projects not only to maintain their long-term profitability but also to ensure their sustainability efforts. Magnasoft offers agile solutions to transform the way you do business. In an era of dramatic economic change and intensifying global competition, we equip foresters to better manage strategic planning, choosing harvesting sites, ensure environmental compliance, strategize silvicultural planning, improve road design and predict growth opportunities. People who use our solutions have what is often referred to as the geographic advantage

because it helps them understand geography, answer questions, quickly solve problems, and easily share data, research, and findings. Benefits Magnasoft forestry services offer the following benefits to commercial foresters 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. Ensure sustainable forest management over standard timber harvesting technique Accurate Inventory results in identification of high yield blocks Effective penetration in Blocks that have high valued commercial species Blocks close to existing road network and log yard Assists in directional tree felling to inflict the smallest impact on the surrounding forest; Establishing stream buffer zones and watershed protection areas; Using improved technologies to reduce damage to the soil caused by log extraction; Careful planning to prevent excess roads which give access to transient settlers

Magnasoft's Alliances Overview Building enduring relationships is central to our alliances business strategy. The strategic global vision defines our global alliances business expansion through our alliances partners in growth in GIS space. We are committed to building relationships with major vendors in the GIS space that have evolved and strengthened over time. The confidence of our alliance partners is evident in the present established relationships with companies whose capabilities complement our own expertise. Our collaborate approach to work with our partners ecosystem to provide spatial information management solutions to large Government and Private Customers. Our Alliance Program is designed to collaborate with our partners with complementing technology and business experience that enables us to go-to-market solutions and services jointly address the customer business needs effectively within the partner ecosystem. Objectives

Align spatial information management services and solutions with the solutions offered by the alliance partners Effectively support the partners in the sales process and post-sales support Jointly develop go to market solutions that increases the sales of the partner and Magnasoft Provide committed resource, technical and infrastructure support for cost-effective delivery of solutions to the customer

Alliance Partner Advantages Magnasoft brings transparency to the partnership; the advantages include:

Cost-effective solutions Best quality and service Innovative spatial solutions by blending technology and services Dedicated Offshore Geospatial development center Implementation of projects from other business partners Joint bidding for projects

End Customer Benefits

End-to-end solutions for customers Local support through our partners

Post-sales support of partner solutions/products Product enhancement for existing customers Remote delivery and technology support

Alliance Partners Model We have a presence in over 55+ countries with 200+ partners enabling the ecosystem to generate repeat business from multiple fortune 500 companies. The Alliance partnership model consists of the following key categories of partners:

Strategic Business Partner Engagements with organizations that offer services and products complementing or dovetail with our own offerings, to pool our strengths and work together to deliver value to clients. Enterprise Solutions Partner Partner shares the expertise, resources and other forms of support to develop, manage, integrate, plan and implement solutions and pools in resources to undertake projects on enterprise-wide solution requirements. Domain Solutions Partner The partnership entails collaboration with specific domain specialists, who provide their expertise to jointly attain and execute a project with the Enterprise Solution Partner. Technology Partner Partnerships with technology vendors that entails development of solutions using their proprietary software while we assist them in mutually marketing and selling the same.