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    Lec # 39 Hazardous Waste

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    Darya Memon
    The document defines hazardous waste according to US law as solid waste that may cause health or environmental issues due to its quantity, concentration, or characteristics. Hazardous waste is defined by the EPA as either listed wastes that have been explicitly identified as hazardous or characteristic wastes that exhibit flammability, reactivity, corrosivity, or toxicity. Management of hazardous waste includes minimization, recycling, treatment through methods like incineration or stabilization, and disposal in hazardous waste landfills. Treatment methods also include biological, chemical, and physical processes to degrade, separate, or contain hazardous components.

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    Lec # 39 Hazardous Waste

    Uploaded by

    Darya Memon
    147 views8 pages
    The document defines hazardous waste according to US law as solid waste that may cause health or environmental issues due to its quantity, concentration, or characteristics. Hazardous waste is defined by the EPA as either listed wastes that have been explicitly identified as hazardous or characteristic wastes that exhibit flammability, reactivity, corrosivity, or toxicity. Management of hazardous waste includes minimization, recycling, treatment through methods like incineration or stabilization, and disposal in hazardous waste landfills. Treatment methods also include biological, chemical, and physical processes to degrade, separate, or contain hazardous components.

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    The document defines hazardous waste according to US law as solid waste that may cause health or environmental issues due to its quantity, concentration, or characteristics. Hazardous waste is defined by the EPA as either listed wastes that have been explicitly identified as hazardous or characteristic wastes that exhibit flammability, reactivity, corrosivity, or toxicity. Management of hazardous waste includes minimization, recycling, treatment through methods like incineration or stabilization, and disposal in hazardous waste landfills. Treatment methods also include biological, chemical, and physical processes to degrade, separate, or contain hazardous components.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    147 views8 pages

    Lec # 39 Hazardous Waste

    Uploaded by

    Darya Memon
    The document defines hazardous waste according to US law as solid waste that may cause health or environmental issues due to its quantity, concentration, or characteristics. Hazardous waste is defined by the EPA as either listed wastes that have been explicitly identified as hazardous or characteristic wastes that exhibit flammability, reactivity, corrosivity, or toxicity. Management of hazardous waste includes minimization, recycling, treatment through methods like incineration or stabilization, and disposal in hazardous waste landfills. Treatment methods also include biological, chemical, and physical processes to degrade, separate, or contain hazardous components.

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    Fundamentals of Environmental Engineering & Science:

    Hazardous Waste

    Hazardous Waste Defined


    Congress original statutory definition
    A solid waste, which because of its
    quantity or concentration physical, chemical, or infectious characteristics

    may cause, or significantly contribute to


    increase in mortality increase in serious irreversible or incapacitating reversible illness substantial hazard to human health and environment ...

    Hazardous Waste Defined


    EPAs regulatory definition
    Must meet one of two criteria. It is a: 1. Listed waste (chemicals that have been explicitly identified as hazardous) 2. Caracteristic waste determined to have at least one of the following properties:
    Flammability: create fires under certain conditions... Reactivity: unstable (explosions, toxic fumes, gases, or vapors) under "normal" conditions... Corrosivity: acids or bases (pH 2 or pH 12.5) that are capable of corroding metal containers Toxicity: harmful or fatal when ingested / absorbed;

    Hazardous Waste Defined


    EPAs regulatory definition
    There is also: 3. Universal waste (widely generated)
    Batteries Pesticides Mercury-containing equipment Mercury containing bulbs (lamps)

    4. Mixed Waste that contains both radioactive and hazardous waste components.

    Management
    Waste minimization Recycling of metals and energy content Treatment
    Detoxification through industrial pre-treatment of wastewater Incineration of combustible wastes Dewater and stabilize sludge; stabilize ash

    Disposal in hazardous waste landfills

    Minimizing Hazardous Waste


    Common sense waste reduction Reductions that depend on research and development, requiring extensive study before implementation

    Stabilization
    Stabilization fixation process that converts contaminant to a relatively insoluble form by means of binding additives Goal is not to transform & destroy wastes, but to contain & minimize release into the environment
    Applied to radioactive wastes, heavy-metal wastes, ash residues, highly toxic sludges, oily sludges, contaminated soils, complex mixtures Most effective when applied to inorganic contaminants

    Treatment of Hazardous Waste


    Biological Treatment Many compounds are relatively difficult to degrade biologically. Chemical Treatment converts hazardous chemicals to different forms that are less troublesome to handle (complexation reactions, oxidation, reduction,
    precipitation - often used for metals)

    Physical Treatment often used to separate waste from aqueous solution (carbon adsorption; distillation; ion
    exchange)

    Incineration hazardous components must be combustible to be destroyed (ash to be disposed or reused)

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