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    IV Fluids

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    Tiffany Nicolè
    IV Fluids are chemically prepared solutions Tailored to the body's needs to replace lost fluids and / or aid in the delivery of IV medications Have different forms and different impacts on the body. TBW = Total Body Water Interstitial fluids: tissue fluids and lymph fluid plasma is intracellular fluid plasma is intercellular fluids: CSF, pleural fluid, peritoneal fluid, intra ocular fluid, synovial fluid.

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    IV Fluids

    Uploaded by

    Tiffany Nicolè
    320 views17 pages
    IV Fluids are chemically prepared solutions Tailored to the body's needs to replace lost fluids and / or aid in the delivery of IV medications Have different forms and different impacts on the body. TBW = Total Body Water Interstitial fluids: tissue fluids and lymph fluid plasma is intracellular fluid plasma is intercellular fluids: CSF, pleural fluid, peritoneal fluid, intra ocular fluid, synovial fluid.

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    IV Fluids are chemically prepared solutions Tailored to the body's needs to replace lost fluids and / or aid in the delivery of IV medications Have different forms and different impacts on the body. TBW = Total Body Water Interstitial fluids: tissue fluids and lymph fluid plasma is intracellular fluid plasma is intercellular fluids: CSF, pleural fluid, peritoneal fluid, intra ocular fluid, synovial fluid.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    320 views17 pages

    IV Fluids

    Uploaded by

    Tiffany Nicolè
    IV Fluids are chemically prepared solutions Tailored to the body's needs to replace lost fluids and / or aid in the delivery of IV medications Have different forms and different impacts on the body. TBW = Total Body Water Interstitial fluids: tissue fluids and lymph fluid plasma is intracellular fluid plasma is intercellular fluids: CSF, pleural fluid, peritoneal fluid, intra ocular fluid, synovial fluid.

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    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
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    IV FLUIDS

    IV Fluids Introduction
    Chemically prepared solution
    Solvent= water Solutes= material (sodium, potassium, chloride; and other larger compounds like proteins/molecules)

    Tailored to the bodys needs To replace lost fluids and/or aid in the delivery of IV medications Have different forms & different impacts on the body

    Phase of fluid therapy


    Emergency phase
    Returning the patient's status to normal (deficit volume)

    Replacement phase
    Replacing normal ongoing losses (maintenance volume)

    Maintenance phase
    Replacing continuing abnormal losses (continuing losses volume)

    TBW = Total Body Water

    Interstitial fluids: tissue fluids and lymph fluid

    Plasma is intravascular fluid

    Trancellular fluids: CSF, pleural fluid, peritoneal fluid, intra ocular fluid, synovial fluid

    Normal body fluid loss


    Urine (50%)
    Normal: 50 ml/ kgBB/ 24 jam

    Insensible Water Loss (50%)


    Respiration (15%) Skin (30%) Feces (5%)

    The Fluids Tonicity


    Tonicity: concentration of electrolytes dissolved in
    the water, compare with body plasma

    Hypertonic
    Tonicity > plasma

    Isotonic
    Tonicity = plasma

    Hypotonic
    Tonicity < plasma

    The Fluid Tonicity Comparison

    IV Fluids different forms


    Colloids Crystalloids Blood and blood products

    Colloid versus Crystalloid


    Colloid solutions
    Large proteins/molecules Remain in the blood vessels Attract water from cells into blood risk of dehydration Used for maintaining blood volume Expensive Common solutions:
    Plasma protein fraction Dextran Hetastarch

    Crystalloid solutions
    Contain electrolytes, but lack of large proteins /molecules Have tonicity as patients need In 1 hr 2/3 will leave blood vessels risk of fluid effusion Used mainly for pre-hospital setting & maintanance More available and afordable Common solutions:
    Lactated Ringers Normal saline solution (NaCl) D5

    Label of IV fluid container


    Type of IV fluid (name & type of solutes contained within) Amount of IV fluid (mL) Expiration dates

    RINGER LACTAT, RINGER ASERING, HARTMANNS SOLUTION


    Composition Na+ ClK+ Ca++ Acetate Information RL Asering (Ringer Lactate) (Ringer Acetate) 130 109 4 3 28 130 108.7 4 2.7 28 Hartmanns solution
    (compound sodium lactate)

    131 111 5 4 29

    Good for liver Contra-indicated to diabetes problems because patients because of isomers of acetate is metabolized lactate is glucogeogenic in muscle

    KAEN
    KAEN 1B Composition Sodium (Na++) Potassium (K+) Chloride (Cl-) Dextrose Lactate 38.5 KAEN 3A 60 10 50 27 gr/L 20 KAEN 3B 50 20 50 27 20 KAEN 4A 30 20 40 10 KAEN 4B 30 8 28 37.5 10

    38.5 37.5 gr/L

    Fluid requirements for adult


    Daily maintenance fluid requirements vary between individuals.
    70 Kg male = 2500 3000 ml/day water, 120 140 mmol sodium and 70 mmol potassium 40 Kg woman = 2000 ml/day, 70 90 mmol sodium and 40 mmol potassium

    Fluid requirements
    By BSA (Body Surface Area) = mL/ m2/ 24 hr
    Appropriate for BW > 10 kg Normal for maintenance fluid is 1500 ml/ m2/ 24 hr

    By body weight (Global formula):


    100 ml/ kg first 10 kg 50 ml/ kg second 10 kg 20 ml/ kg BW > 20 kg Ex: a child with BW 25 kg, needs 100 ml/ kg x 10 kg = 1000 cc 10 kg (I) 50 ml/ kg x 10 kg = 500 cc 10 kg (II) 20 ml/ kg x 5 kg = 100 cc 5 kg (cont.) Total = 25 kg = 1600 cc/ 24 hr

    Fluid requirements for children


    By Darrow
    <3kg 3-10kg 10-15kg >15kg
    10 kg (I) 10kg (II) 10 kg (III)

    : 175cc/kg/day : 105 cc/kg/day : 85cc/kg/day : 65 cc/k/day


    : 4 cc/kg/hr : 2cc/kg/hr : 1 cc/kg/hr

    By Holiday and Segard

    Things will change fluid requirements


    Increase metabolism:
    Fever will H2O: 12%/ C

    Decrease metabolism:
    Hypotherm will H2O 12%/ C

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