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CNC MACHINING (Turning VMC,HMC) & PROGRAMMING

EDUCATIONAL QUALIFICATION
10th, 12th, ITI, Diploma, Degree (Any Trade )

CNC MACHINING (Turning VMC,HMC) & PROGRAMMING

COURSE CONTENT
Definition of CNC History of CNC Types of CNC Main Parts of CNC Makers of CNC Operating Panel Introduction of CNC Programming Setting of CNC Machines Engineering Drawing / Measuring Instrumnets CNC Maintenance

What is a CNC Machine ?

CNC : Computer and Numeric Control Conventionally, an operator decides and adjusts
various machines parameters like feed , depth of cut etc depending on type of job , and controls the slide movements by hand. In a CNC Machine functions and slide movements are controlled by motors using computer programs.

Overview
By integrating a computer processor, computer
numerical control, or CNC as it is now known, allows part machining programs to be edited and stored in the computer memory as well as permitting diagnostics and quality control functions during the actual machining.

All CNC machining begins with a part program, which is a sequential instructions or coded commands that direct the specific machine functions.
The part program may be manually generated or, more commonly, generated by computer aided part

Motion Control The Heart of Machine

The most basic function of any CNC machine is automatic, precise, and consistent motion control. Rather than applying completely mechanical devices to cause motion as is required on most conventional machine tools, CNC machines allow motion control in a revolutionary manner. All forms of CNC equipment have two or more directions of motion, called axes. These axes can be precisely and automatically positioned along their lengths of travel. The two most common axis types are linear (driven along a straight path) and rotary (driven along a circular path).

Basic CNC Principles

Coordinates System

Absolute Coordinate System

Incremental Coordinate System

Basic CNC Principles

Each axis consists of a mechanical component, such as a slide that moves, a servo drive motor that powers the mechanical movement, and a ball screw to transfer the power from the servo drive motor to the mechanical component. These components, along with the computer controls that govern them, are referred to as an axis drive system.

Work Positioning
The method of accurate work positioning in relation to the cutting tool is called the rectangular coordinate system. On the vertical mill, the horizontal base line is designated the X axis, while the vertical base line is designated the Y axis. The Z axis is at a right angle, perpendicular to both the X and Y axes. Increments for all base lines are specified in linear measurements, for most machines the smallest increment is one ten-thousandth of an inch (.0001). If the machine is graduated in metric the smallest increment is usually one thousandth of a millimeter (.001mm). The rectangular coordinate system allows the mathematical plotting of points in space. These points or locations are called coordinates. The coordinates in turn relate to the tool center and dictate the tool path through the work.

Basic CNC Principles

CNC MachinesAdvantages/Disadvantages
Advantages : High Repeatability and Precision e.g. Aircraft parts Volume of production is very high Complex contours/surfaces need to be machined. E.g. Turbines Flexibility in job change, automatic tool settings, less scrap More safe, higher productivity, better quality Less paper work, faster prototype production, reduction in lead times Disadvantages: Costly setup, skilled operators Computers, programming knowledge required Maintenance is difficult

Types of CNC Machine

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 CNC Turning CNC Vertical Machining Centre CNC Horizontal Machining Centre CNC Grinder CNC Tool & Cutter CNC Wire Cutter CNC Welding

Main Parts of CNC

Turning

Center ( TC )

Vertical

Machining Center ( VMC )

CNC Turning Center

Automated version of a manual lathe. Programmed to change tools automatically.

Used for turning and boring wood, metal and plastic.

Main Parts : MECHANICAL PARTS

ELECTRICAL PARTS

CNC Turning Center Parts

Mechanical : Head Stock :- It is used for holding the Jobs a ) Draw Bar: Operated by Hydraulic Pressure & used for Opening & closing of Jaws. b) Jaws : It is used for Holding the Job c) Chuck : It is used for Holding the Jaws. Tail Stock :- It is used to support Longer Jobs. Turret :- It is used to holding the tool and supports against cutting force during cutting. a) Tool Holder : It is fitted in slot of turrets & used for holding tools. b) Drive system : It is used for turret indexing.

MECHANICAL PARTS ELECTRICAL PARTS

CNC Milling Machine

Has 3 ~ 8 Axes. Used for wood, metal and plastic.

Used to make 3D prototypes, moulds, cutting dies, printing plates and signs.

How CNC Works

Controlled by G and M codes. These are number values and co-ordinates. Each number or code is assigned to a particular operation. Typed in manually to CAD by machine operators. G&M codes are automatically generated by the computer software.

Features of CNC Machinery

The tool or material moves. Tools can operate in 1~5 axes. Larger machines have a machine control unit (MCU) which manages operations. Movement is controlled by a motors (actuators). Feedback is provided by sensors (transducers) Tool magazines are used to change tools automatically.

CNC Programming Basics

CNC instructions are called part program commands. When running, a part program is interpreted one command line at a time until all lines are completed.

Commands, which are also referred to as blocks, are made up of words which each begin with a letter address and end with a numerical value.

CNC Programming Basics

Each letter address relates to a specific machine function. G and M letter addresses are two of the most common. A G letter specifies certain machine preparations such as inch or metric modes, or absolutes versus incremental modes. A M letter specifies miscellaneous machine functions and work like on/off switches for coolant flow, tool changing, or spindle rotation. Other letter addresses are used to direct a wide variety of other machine commands.

Programming Key Letters

O - Program number (Used for program identification) N - Sequence number (Used for line identification) G - Preparatory function X - X axis designation Y - Y axis designation Z - Z axis designation R - Radius designation F Feed rate designation S - Spindle speed designation H - Tool length offset designation D - Tool radius offset designation T - Tool Designation M - Miscellaneous function

CNC programming
Important things to know:

Coordinate System
Units, incremental or absolute positioning

Coordinates: X,Y,Z, RX,RY,RZ

Feed rate and spindle speed Coolant Control: On/Off, Flood, Mist Tool Control: Tool and tool parameters

CNC Programming
Programming consists of a series of instructions in form of letter codes Preparatory Codes: G codes- Initial machining setup and establishing operating conditions N codes- specify program line number to executed by the MCU Axis Codes: X,Y,Z - Used to specify motion of the slide along X, Y, Z direction Feed and Speed Codes: F and S- Specify feed and spindle speed Tool codes: T specify tool number Miscellaneous codes M codes For coolant control and other activities

Table of Important G codes

G00 Rapid Transverse G01 Linear Interpolation G02 Circular Interpolation, CW G03 Circular Interpolation, CCW G17 XY Plane,G18 XZ Plane,G19 YZ Plane G20/G70 Inch units G21/G71 Metric Units G40 Cutter compensation cancel G41 Cutter compensation left G42 Cutter compensation right G43 Tool length compensation (plus) G43 Tool length compensation (plus) G44 Tool length compensation (minus) G49 Tool length compensation cancel G80 Cancel canned cycles G81 Drilling cycle G82 Counter boring cycle G83 Deep hole drilling cycle G90 Absolute positioning G91 Incremental positioning

Table of Important M codes

M00 Program stop M01 Optional program stop M02 Program end M03 Spindle on clockwise M04 Spindle on counterclockwise M05 Spindle stop M06 Tool change M08 Coolant on M09 Coolant off M10 Clamps on M11 Clamps off M30 Program stop, reset to start

APT Programming Example

Cylindrical Part

Raw Material
70

F 25
20

Finished Part

30

F 17.5

F 22.5

APT Programming Example (Cylindrical

O0013 N0005 N0010 N0020 N0030 N0040 N0050 N0060 N0070 N0080 N0090 N0100 N0110 N0120 N0130

Part)
G53 T0303 G57 G00 X26.00 Z0.0 S500 M04 G01 X-0.20 F100 G00 Z2.0 X50.0 Z50.0 T0404 G57 G00 X22.50 Z2.0 S500 G01 Z-30.0 F100 G00 X23.0 Z2.0 S500 G84 X17.5 Z-20.0 D0=200 D2=200 D3=650 G00 Z2.0 X50.0 Z50.0 M30

APT Program Interpretation

O0013

Program identification number

APT Program Interpretation

O0013

N0005 G53

To cancel any previous working zero point

APT Program Interpretation

O0013 N0005 G53 N0010 T0303

N0010 Sequence number T0303 Select tool number 303

APT Program Interpretation

O0013 N0005 G53 N0010 T0404 N0020 G57 G00 X26.0 Z0.0 S500 M04 G57 To set the working zero point as saved G00 Rapid movement (no cutting) X26.0 X location (as a diameter; 13 form zero) Z0.0 Z location S500 Spindle speed is 500 rpm M04 Rotate spindle counterclockwise

+ve +ve z (0,0)

APT Program Interpretation

O0013

N0005 G53
N0010 T0404 N0020 G57 G00 X26.00 Z0.0 S500 M04 N0030 G01 X-0.20 F100

G01 Linear interpolation (cutting) X-0.20 Move only in x direction until you pass the center by 0.1 mm (facing) F100 Set feed rate to 100 mm/min.

APT Program Interpretation

O0013 N0005 G53 N0010 N0020 N0030 N0040 T0404 G57 G00 X26.00 Z0.0 S500 M04 G01 X-0.20 F100 G00 Z2.0

G00 Move rapidly away from work piece (no cutting) Z2.0 the movement is 2 mm away from the face.

APT Program Interpretation

O0013 N0005 G53 N0010 N0020 N0030 N0040 N0050 T0404 G57 G00 X26.00 Z0.0 S500 M04 G01 X-0.20 F100 G00 Z2.0 X50.0 Z50.0

Go to a safe location away from the workpiece [x = 50 (25 from zero), z = 50] to change the tool.

APT Program Interpretation

O0013 N0005 G53 N0010 T0404 N0020 G57 G00 X26.00 Z0.0 S500 M04 N0030 G01 X-0.20 F100 N0040 G00 Z2.0 N0050 X50.0 Z50.0 N0060 T0404

T0404 Select tool number 404

APT Program Interpretation

O0013 N0005 G53 N0010 N0020 N0030 N0040 N0050 N0060 N0070 T0404 G57 G00 X26.00 Z0.0 S500 M04 G01 X-0.20 F100 G00 Z2.0 X50.0 Z50.0 T0404 G57 G00 X22.50 Z2.0 S500

G57 PS0 G00 Rapid movement (no cutting) X22.50 X location (as a diameter; 11.25 form zero) Z2.0 Z location S500 Spindle speed is 500 rpm

APT Program Interpretation

O0013 N0005 G53 N0010 N0020 N0030 N0040 N0050 N0060 N0070 N0080 T0404 G57 G00 X26.00 Z0.0 S500 M04 G01 X-0.20 F100 G00 Z2.0 X50.0 Z50.0 T0404 G57 G00 X25.00 Z2.0 S500 M04 G01 Z-30.0 F100

G01 Linear interpolation (cutting) Z-30 Move only in z direction (external turning) F100 Set feed rate to 100 mm/min.

APT Program Interpretation

O0013

N0005 G53
N0010 N0020 N0030 N0040 N0050 N0060 N0070 N0080 N0090 T0404 G57 G00 X26.00 Z0.0 S500 M04 G01 X-0.20 F100 G00 Z2.0 X50.0 Z50.0 T0404 G57 G00 X25.00 Z2.0 S500 M04 G01 X22.5 Z-70.0 F100 G00 X23.0 Z2.0 S500

G00 Move rapidly away from work piece (no cutting) to location x= 23.0 (11.50 from zero) and z = 2.0.

O0013 APT

Program Interpretation

N0005 G53 N0010 T0404 N0020 G57 G00 X26.00 Z0.0 S500 M04 N0030 G01 X-0.20 F100 N0040 G00 Z2.0 N0050 X50.0 Z50.0 N0060 T0404 N0070 G57 G00 X25.00 Z2.0 S500 M04 N0080 G01 X22.5 Z-70.0 F100 N0090 G00 X26.0 Z2.0 S500 N0100 G84 X17.5 Z-20.0 D0=200 D2=200 D3=650 G84 Turning cycle for machining the step X17.5 final diameter Z-20 length of step is 20 mm D0=200 Finish allowance in X direction (0.2 mm) D2=200 Finish allowance in Z direction (0.2 mm) D3=650 Depth of cut in each pass (0.65 mm)

APT Program Interpretation

O0013 N0005 G53 N0010 T0404 N0020 G57 G00 X26.00 Z0.0 S500 M04 N0030 G01 X-0.20 F100 N0040 G00 Z2.0 N0050 X50.0 Z50.0 N0060 T0404 N0070 G57 G00 X25.00 Z2.0 S500 M04 N0080 G01 X22.5 Z-70.0 F100 N0090 G00 X26.0 Z2.0 S500 N0100 G84 X17.5 Z-20.0 D0=200 D2=200 D3=650 N0110 G00 Z2.0

G00 Move rapidly away from workpiece (no cutting) Z2.0 the movement is 2 mm away from the face.

APT Program Interpretation

O0013 N0005 G53 N0010 T0404 N0020 G57 G00 X26.00 Z0.0 S500 M04 N0030 G01 X-0.20 F100 N0040 G00 Z2.0 N0050 X50.0 Z50.0 N0060 T0404 N0070 G57 G00 X25.00 Z2.0 S500 M04 N0080 G01 X22.5 Z-70.0 F100 N0090 G00 X26.0 Z2.0 S500 N0100 G84 X17.5 Z-20.0 D0=200 D2=200 D3=650 N0110 G00 Z2.0 N0120 X50.0 Z50.0

X50.0 Z50.0 Move to the tool changing location

APT Program Interpretation

O0013 N0005 G53 N0010 T0404 N0020 G57 G00 X26.00 Z0.0 S500 M04 N0030 G01 X-0.20 F100 N0040 G00 Z2.0 N0050 X50.0 Z50.0 N0060 T0404 N0070 G57 G00 X25.00 Z2.0 S500 M04 N0080 G01 X22.5 Z-70.0 F100 N0090 G00 X26.0 Z2.0 S500 N0100 G84 X17.5 Z-20.0 D0=200 D2=200 D3=650 N0110 G00 Z2.0 N0120 X50.0 Z50.0 T00 N0130 M30

M30 Program End

Programming Example
Raw Material

Finished
Part

Programming Example
G55 X200 Y80 Program 1 N001 M06 T1 N002 M03 rpm 400 N003 G01 X-8 Y0 Z0 XYFeed 150 N004 G01 X-8 Y0 Z-0.5 ZFeed 150 N005 G01 X70 Y0 Z-0.5 XYFeed 75 N006 G01 X70 Y60 Z-0.5 XYFeed 75 N007 G01 X30 Y60 Z-0.5 XYFeed 75 N008 G01 X0 Y40 Z-0.5 XYFeed 75 N009 G01 X0 Y0 Z-0.5 XYFeed 75 N010 G81 R3 E9 N7 Z-0.5 N011 M05 N012 M02

Programming Example
Tool Change G55 X200 Y80 Program 2 N001 M06 T2 N002 M03 rpm 400 N003 G01 X-8 Y0 Z0 XYFeed 150 N004 G01 X20 Y15 Z10 XYFeed 150 ZFeed 150 N005 G01 X20 Y15 Z-10 ZFeed 75 N006 G01 X20 Y15 Z10 ZFeed 150 N007 G01 X50 Y15 Z10 ZFeed 150 N008 G01 X50 Y15 Z-10 ZFeed 75 N009 G01 X50 Y15 Z10 ZFeed 150 N010 G01 X50 Y45 Z10 ZFeed 150 N011 G01 X50 Y45 Z-10 ZFeed 75 N012 G01 X50 Y45 Z10 ZFeed 150 N013 M05 N014 M02

Program Interpretation
G55 X200 Y80

Setting the datum to the lower left corner of the work piece

Program Interpretation
G55 X200 Y80 Program 1

Program Identification Number

Program Interpretation
G55 X200 Y80 Program 1 N001 M06 T1

N001 Sequence Number M06 Tool Change (End Mill with Diameter=12mm T1 Tool Number

Program Interpretation
G55 X200 Y80 Program 1 N001 M06 T1 N002 M03 rpm 400

Start rotating the spindle clockwise with 400 rpm

Program Interpretation
G55 X200 Y80 Program 1 N001 M06 T1 N002 M03 rpm 400 N003 G01 X-8 Y0 Z0 XYFeed 150

Go to Safe Position with feed 150mm/min

Program Interpretation
G55 X200 Y80 Program 1 N001 M06 T1 N002 M03 rpm 400 N003 G01 X-8 Y0 Z0 XYFeed 150 N004 G01 X-8 Y0 Z-0.5 ZFeed 150

Lower the end mill to determine the depth of cut

Program Interpretation
G55 X200 Y80 Program 1 N001 M06 T1 N002 M03 rpm 400 N003 G01 X-8 Y0 Z0 XYFeed 150 N004 G01 X-8 Y0 Z-0.5 ZFeed 150 N005 G01 X70 Y0 Z-0.5 XYFeed 75

Move from the lower left corner of the work piece to the right lower one cutting with feed=75mm/min

Program Interpretation
G55 X200 Y80 Program 1 N001 M06 T1 N002 M03 rpm 400 N003 G01 X-8 Y0 Z0 XYFeed 150 N004 G01 X-8 Y0 Z-0.5 ZFeed 150 N005 G01 X70 Y0 Z-0.5 XYFeed 75 N006 G01 X70 Y60 Z-0.5 XYFeed 75 Move from the lower left corner of the work piece to the right lower one cutting with feed=75mm/min

Program Interpretation
G55 X200 Y80 Program 1 N001 M06 T1 N002 M03 rpm 400 N003 G01 X-8 Y0 Z0 XYFeed 150 N004 G01 X-8 Y0 Z-0.5 ZFeed 150 N005 G01 X70 Y0 Z-0.5 XYFeed 75 N006 G01 X70 Y60 Z-0.5 XYFeed 75 N007 G01 X30 Y60 Z-0.5 XYFeed 75

Cutting the horizontally up to X=30

Program Interpretation
G55 X200 Y80 Program 1 N001 M06 T1 N002 M03 rpm 400 N003 G01 X-8 Y0 Z0 XYFeed 150 N004 G01 X-8 Y0 Z-0.5 ZFeed 150 N005 G01 X70 Y0 Z-0.5 XYFeed 75 N006 G01 X70 Y60 Z-0.5 XYFeed 75 N007 G01 X30 Y60 Z-0.5 XYFeed 75 N008 G01 X0 Y40 Z-0.5 XYFeed 75

Cutting to X=0 & Y=40

Program Interpretation
G55 X200 Y80 Program 1 N001 M06 T1 N002 M03 rpm 400 N003 G01 X-8 Y0 Z0 XYFeed 150 N004 G01 X-8 Y0 Z-0.5 ZFeed 150 N005 G01 X70 Y0 Z-0.5 XYFeed 75 N006 G01 X70 Y60 Z-0.5 XYFeed 75 N007 G01 X30 Y60 Z-0.5 XYFeed 75 N008 G01 X0 Y40 Z-0.5 XYFeed 75 N009 G01 X0 Y0 Z-0.5 XYFeed 75
Complete the countering

Program Interpretation
G55 X200 Y80 Program 1 N001 M06 T1 N002 M03 rpm 400 N003 G01 X-8 Y0 Z0 XYFeed 150 N004 G01 X-8 Y0 Z-0.5 ZFeed 150 N005 G01 X70 Y0 Z-0.5 XYFeed 75 N006 G01 X70 Y60 Z-0.5 XYFeed 75 N007 G01 X30 Y60 Z-0.5 XYFeed 75 N008 G01 X0 Y40 Z-0.5 XYFeed 75 N009 G01 X0 Y0 Z-0.5 XYFeed 75 N010 G81 R3 E9 N7 Z-0.5

Repeat 7 times blocks from N003 to N009 with incremental offset of Z=-0.5

Program Interpretation
G55 X200 Y80 Program 1 N001 M06 T1 N002 M03 rpm 400 N003 G01 X-8 Y0 Z0 XYFeed 150 N004 G01 X-8 Y0 Z-0.5 ZFeed 150 N005 G01 X70 Y0 Z-0.5 XYFeed 75 N006 G01 X70 Y60 Z-0.5 XYFeed 75 N007 G01 X30 Y60 Z-0.5 XYFeed 75 N008 G01 X0 Y40 Z-0.5 XYFeed 75 N009 G01 X0 Y0 Z-0.5 XYFeed 75 N010 G81 R3 E9 N7 Z-0.5 N011 M05

Spindle Off

Program Interpretation
G55 X200 Y80 Program 1 N001 M06 T1 N002 M03 rpm 400 N003 G01 X-8 Y0 Z0 XYFeed 150 N004 G01 X-8 Y0 Z-0.5 ZFeed 150 N005 G01 X70 Y0 Z-0.5 XYFeed 75 N006 G01 X70 Y60 Z-0.5 XYFeed 75 N007 G01 X30 Y60 Z-0.5 XYFeed 75 N008 G01 X0 Y40 Z-0.5 XYFeed 75 N009 G01 X0 Y0 Z-0.5 XYFeed 75 N010 G81 R3 E9 N7 Z-0.5 N011 M05 N012 M02

End Program

Program Interpretation
Tool Change

Changing the tool

Program Interpretation
Tool Change G55 X200 Y80

Setting the datum to the lower left corner of the work piece

Program Interpretation
Tool Change G55 X200 Y80 Program 2

Program Identification Number

Program Interpretation
Tool Change G55 X200 Y80 Program 2 N001 M06 T2

N001 Sequence Number M06 Tool Change (Drill with Diameter=6mm T2 Tool Number

Program Interpretation
Tool Change G55 X200 Y80 Program 2 N001 M06 T2 N002 M03 rpm 400

Start rotating the spindle clockwise with 400 rpm

Program Interpretation
Tool Change G55 X200 Y80 Program 2 N001 M06 T2 N002 M03 rpm 400 N003 G01 X-8 Y0 Z0 XYFeed 150

Go to Safe Position with feed 150mm/min

Program Interpretation
Tool Change G55 X200 Y80 Program 2 N001 M06 T2 N002 M03 rpm 400 N003 G01 X-8 Y0 Z0 XYFeed 150 N004 G01 X20 Y15 Z10 XYFeed 150 ZFeed 150

Stop above the center of the first hole

Program Interpretation
Tool Change G55 X200 Y80 Program 2 N001 M06 T2 N002 M03 rpm 400 N003 G01 X-8 Y0 Z0 XYFeed 150 N004 G01 X20 Y15 Z10 XYFeed 150 ZFeed 150 N005 G01 X20 Y15 Z-10 ZFeed 75

Start Drill the first hole

Program Interpretation
Tool Change G55 X200 Y80 Program 2 N001 M06 T2 N002 M03 rpm 400 N003 G01 X-8 Y0 Z0 XYFeed 150 N004 G01 X20 Y15 Z10 XYFeed 150 ZFeed 150 N005 G01 X20 Y15 Z-10 ZFeed 75 N006 G01 X20 Y15 Z10 ZFeed 150

Retract to a position above the hole

Program Interpretation
Tool Change G55 X200 Y80 Program 2 N001 M06 T2 N002 M03 rpm 400 N003 G01 X-8 Y0 Z0 XYFeed 150 N004 G01 X20 Y15 Z10 XYFeed 150 ZFeed 150 N005 G01 X20 Y15 Z-10 ZFeed 75 N006 G01 X20 Y15 Z10 ZFeed 150 N007 G01 X50 Y15 Z10 ZFeed 150

Stop above the center of the second hole

Program Interpretation
Tool Change G55 X200 Y80 Program 2 N001 M06 T2 N002 M03 rpm 400 N003 G01 X-8 Y0 Z0 XYFeed 150 N004 G01 X20 Y15 Z10 XYFeed 150 ZFeed 150 N005 G01 X20 Y15 Z-10 ZFeed 75 N006 G01 X20 Y15 Z10 ZFeed 150 N007 G01 X50 Y15 Z10 ZFeed 150 N008 G01 X50 Y15 Z-10 ZFeed 75

Drill the second hole

Program Interpretation
Tool Change G55 X200 Y80 Program 2 N001 M06 T2 N002 M03 rpm 400 N003 G01 X-8 Y0 Z0 XYFeed 150 N004 G01 X20 Y15 Z10 XYFeed 150 ZFeed 150 N005 G01 X20 Y15 Z-10 ZFeed 75 N006 G01 X20 Y15 Z10 ZFeed 150 N007 G01 X50 Y15 Z10 ZFeed 150 N008 G01 X50 Y15 Z-10 ZFeed 75 N009 G01 X50 Y15 Z10 ZFeed 150

Retract to a position above the second hole

Program Interpretation
Tool Change G55 X200 Y80 Program 2 N001 M06 T2 N002 M03 rpm 400 N003 G01 X-8 Y0 Z0 XYFeed 150 N004 G01 X20 Y15 Z10 XYFeed 150 ZFeed 150 N005 G01 X20 Y15 Z-10 ZFeed 75 N006 G01 X20 Y15 Z10 ZFeed 150 N007 G01 X50 Y15 Z10 ZFeed 150 N008 G01 X50 Y15 Z-10 ZFeed 75 N009 G01 X50 Y15 Z10 ZFeed 150 N010 G01 X50 Y45 Z10 ZFeed 150

Stop above the center of the third hole

Program Interpretation
Tool Change G55 X200 Y80 Program 2 N001 M06 T2 N002 M03 rpm 400 N003 G01 X-8 Y0 Z0 XYFeed 150 N004 G01 X20 Y15 Z10 XYFeed 150 ZFeed 150 N005 G01 X20 Y15 Z-10 ZFeed 75 N006 G01 X20 Y15 Z10 ZFeed 150 N007 G01 X50 Y15 Z10 ZFeed 150 N008 G01 X50 Y15 Z-10 ZFeed 75 N009 G01 X50 Y15 Z10 ZFeed 150 N010 G01 X50 Y45 Z10 ZFeed 150 N011 G01 X50 Y45 Z-10 ZFeed 75

Drill the third hole

Program Interpretation
Tool Change G55 X200 Y80 Program 2 N001 M06 T2 N002 M03 rpm 400 N003 G01 X-8 Y0 Z0 XYFeed 150 N004 G01 X20 Y15 Z10 XYFeed 150 ZFeed 150 N005 G01 X20 Y15 Z-10 ZFeed 75 N006 G01 X20 Y15 Z10 ZFeed 150 N007 G01 X50 Y15 Z10 ZFeed 150 N008 G01 X50 Y15 Z-10 ZFeed 75 N009 G01 X50 Y15 Z10 ZFeed 150 N010 G01 X50 Y45 Z10 ZFeed 150 N011 G01 X50 Y45 Z-10 ZFeed 75 N012 G01 X50 Y45 Z10 ZFeed 150

Retract to a position above the third hole

Program Interpretation
Tool Change G55 X200 Y80 Program 2 N001 M06 T2 N002 M03 rpm 400 N003 G01 X-8 Y0 Z0 XYFeed 150 N004 G01 X20 Y15 Z10 XYFeed 150 ZFeed 150 N005 G01 X20 Y15 Z-10 ZFeed 75 N006 G01 X20 Y15 Z10 ZFeed 150 N007 G01 X50 Y15 Z10 ZFeed 150 N008 G01 X50 Y15 Z-10 ZFeed 75 N009 G01 X50 Y15 Z10 ZFeed 150 N010 G01 X50 Y45 Z10 ZFeed 150 N011 G01 X50 Y45 Z-10 ZFeed 75 N012 G01 X50 Y45 Z10 ZFeed 150 N013 M05

Spindle off

Program Interpretation
Tool Change G55 X200 Y80 Program 2 N001 M06 T2 N002 M03 rpm 400 N003 G01 X-8 Y0 Z0 XYFeed 150 N004 G01 X20 Y15 Z10 XYFeed 150 ZFeed 150 N005 G01 X20 Y15 Z-10 ZFeed 75 N006 G01 X20 Y15 Z10 ZFeed 150 N007 G01 X50 Y15 Z10 ZFeed 150 N008 G01 X50 Y15 Z-10 ZFeed 75 N009 G01 X50 Y15 Z10 ZFeed 150 N010 G01 X50 Y45 Z10 ZFeed 150 N011 G01 X50 Y45 Z-10 ZFeed 75 N012 G01 X50 Y45 Z10 ZFeed 150 N013 M05 N014 M02

End Program

Program Interpretation
Tool Change G55 X200 Y80 Program 2 N001 M06 T2 N002 M03 rpm 400 N003 G01 X-8 Y0 Z0 XYFeed 150 N004 G01 X20 Y15 Z10 XYFeed 150 ZFeed 150 N005 G01 X20 Y15 Z-10 ZFeed 75 N006 G01 X20 Y15 Z10 ZFeed 150 N007 G01 X50 Y15 Z10 ZFeed 150 N008 G01 X50 Y15 Z-10 ZFeed 75 N009 G01 X50 Y15 Z10 ZFeed 150 N010 G01 X50 Y45 Z10 ZFeed 150 N011 G01 X50 Y45 Z-10 ZFeed 75 N012 G01 X50 Y45 Z10 ZFeed 150 N013 M05 N014 M02

End Program

Thank You

CNC MILLING

INTRODUCTION OF CNC MILLING PROGRAMMING

CUTTING TOOLS FOR CNC MILLING

CUTTING PARAMETERS TOOLS PATTERNS FACTORS AFFECTING MILL PARTS SELECTION OF TOOLS

INTRODUCTION OF CNC TURNING And Milling PROGRAMMING

FANUC CONTROLL
1 INTRODUCTION OF FANUC CONTROLLER 2 PLANNING FOR OPERATIONS 3 PART PROGRAMMING 4 STOCK REMOVAL CYCLE 5 DRILLING CYCLE 6 BORING CYCLE 7 THREAD CUTTING CYCLE

PROGRAM TRANSFERS
PROGRAM PREPARATION WITH CAD CAM PROGRAM DATA TRANSFER FROM PC TO CNC M/C PROGRAM DATA TRANSFER FROM PC TO DNC OPERATIONS

SAFETY PRECAUTIONS
SAFE HANDLING OF TOOLS SAFE HANDLING OF EQUIPMENTS RIGHT WAY TO CNC OPERATING. CLEANLINESS OF CNC MACHINE & SHOP

*Lecture Notes * Introduction to CNC Machines and CNC Programming

Commonly used G codes

G00 Preparatory code to control final position of the
tool and not concerned with the path that is followed in arriving at the final destination.

G01 Tool is required to move in a straight line

connecting current position and final position. Used for tool movement without any machining- point to point control. (linear interpolation)

G02 Tool path followed is along an arc specified by I, J

and K codes.( circular interpolation)