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Bridging and Switching: Risanuri Hidayat

Bridges and switches operate at Layer 2 of the OSI model and function to segment local area networks (LANs) into smaller networks. Bridges can filter frames based on Layer 2 fields and are generally used to segment small LANs, while switches are used to segment large LANs and have many ports. Switches can use different forwarding techniques like store-and-forward or cut-through switching and are used to connect LANs with different media types.

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Lina Kamel
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89 views

Bridging and Switching: Risanuri Hidayat

Bridges and switches operate at Layer 2 of the OSI model and function to segment local area networks (LANs) into smaller networks. Bridges can filter frames based on Layer 2 fields and are generally used to segment small LANs, while switches are used to segment large LANs and have many ports. Switches can use different forwarding techniques like store-and-forward or cut-through switching and are used to connect LANs with different media types.

Uploaded by

Lina Kamel
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Bridging and Switching

Risanuri Hidayat
Bridges and switches are data communications devices that operate principally at Layer 2 of the OSI reference model
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Bridging and Switching


Bridging and switching occur at the link layer, which controls data flow, handles transmission errors, provides physical (as opposed to logical) addressing, and manages access to the physical medium. Bridges and switches are not complicated devices. They analyze incoming frames, make forwarding decisions based on information contained in the frames, and forward the frames toward the destination. Bridges are capable of filtering frames based on any Layer 2 fields. For example, a bridge can be programmed to reject (not forward) all frames sourced from a particular network.
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Bridging and Switching


Bridges are generally used to segment a LAN into a couple of smaller segments. Switches are generally used to segment a large LAN into many smaller segments. Bridges generally have only a few ports for LAN connectivity, whereas switches generally have many. Switches can also be used to connect LANs with different mediafor example, a 10-Mbps Ethernet LAN and a 100-Mbps Ethernet LAN can be connected using a switch. Some switches support cut-through switching, which reduces latency and delays in the network, while bridges support only store-andforward traffic switching. Finally, switches reduce collisions on network segments because they provide dedicated bandwidth to each network segment.
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Types of Bridges
Local bridges provide a direct connection between multiple LAN segments in the same area. Remote bridges connect multiple LAN segments in different areas, usually over telecommunications lines

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Types of Bridges

Local and Remote Bridges Connect LAN Segments in Specific Areas

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Bridges
Some bridges are MAC-layer bridges, which bridge between homogeneous networks (for example, IEEE 802.3 and IEEE 802.3), other bridges can translate between different link layer protocols (for example, IEEE 802.3 and IEEE 802.5).

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Types of Switches
Switches can use different forwarding techniquestwo of these are store-and-forward switching and cut-through switching. In store-and-forward switching, an entire frame must be received before it is forwarded. Cut-through switching allows the switch to begin forwarding the frame when enough of the frame is received to make a forwarding decision. This reduces the latency through the switch. Store-and-forward switching gives the switch the opportunity to evaluate the frame for errors before forwarding it. Cut-through switching does not offer this advantage, so the switch might forward frames containing errors.
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ATM Switch
Asynchronous Transfer Mode (ATM) switches provide high-speed switching and scalable bandwidths in the workgroup, the enterprise network backbone, and the wide area. ATM switches support voice, video, and data applications, and are designed to switch fixed-size information units called cells

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ATM Switch

Multi-LAN Networks Can Use an ATM-Based Backbone When Switching Cells


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LAN Switch
LAN switches are used to interconnect multiple LAN segments. LAN switching provides dedicated, collision-free communication between network devices, with support for multiple simultaneous conversations. LAN switches are designed to switch data frames at high speeds.
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LAN Switch

A LAN Switch Can Link 10-Mbps and 100-Mbps Ethernet Segments


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