Models of Communication

COMMUNICATION MODELS AND
THEIR ROLES
CONTENTS
 Introduction
 Sender- Receiver Model
 Aristotle Model d,
l an
 Aristotle’s Proof Model i s
a n
 Schramm’s Model i s
a n
 Transactional Model m elf
o i ts
 Berlo’s Model N of
i re
 Shannon-weaver’s Model nt
e
 Ecological Model
INTRODUCTION
 Communication, comes from the Latin communis,
"common." When we communicate, we are trying to
establish a "commonness" with someone. That is, we are
trying to share information, an idea or an attitude.
 "Communications is the mechanism through which

human relations exist and develop."
 This presentation will show you the most recognized and

accepted models of communication and how they work.
THE SENDER RECEIVER
MODEL
Feedback
Sender Receiver
Message
Thought Encoding Reception Understand
transmission
Decoding
Noise
4
THE COMMUNICATION PROCESS
Encoding
 The sender generates and encodes thoughts to be
conveyed .
 Noises from outside may disturb the encoding, which
may alter the meaning.
Transmission:
 The encoded message gets transmitted to the receiver.
Receiving and Decoding:

• The receiver accepts the messages.
• (S)He then assigns meaning to the message and sends
feedback to the sender.
5
ROLE OF MODEL
 Exchange ideas, feelings and values
 It gives relevant information
 We learn to communicate
 Create understanding
ARISTOTLE MODEL OF
COMMUNICATION

Aristotle model was speaker-centered model.
 Aristotle called the study of communication “Rhetoric”.
 Rhetoric communication falls into three divisions:
1. Ethos- The nature or qualities of communicator.
2. Logos- The nature, structure and content of the

message.
3. Pathos- The nature, feelings and thoughts of the

receiver or audience.
ROLE OF ARISTOTLE
COMMUNICATION MODEL
 Provided an explanation of Oral Communication.
 Recognize the importance of audience at the end

of communication chain.
 This model helped in developing public

relationships.
ARISTOTLE’S PROOF
MODEL OF
COMMUNICATION
FEATURES OF THE MODEL
{ given by kinneavy}
Artistic proofs
1. LOGOS - Inheres in the content itself.
2. ETHOS - Inheres in the speaker.
3. PATHOS - Inheres in the audience.

Inartistic proofs
Facts ,oaths ,documents and constitution etc.
SENDER: encodes the messages
RECEIVER: decodes the message
Feedback from receiver to sender.
Better the overlapping between two field of

experience better the communication takes place
ROLE OF INTERACTIONAL
MODEL
It introduced feedback between between

sender and receiver
 Provided “field of experience”
 Explained that communication is reciprocal,

two way process.
ROLE OF TRANSACTIONAL
MODEL
 Provides symmetrical interfaces for
creation and consumption of
messages
 Interpersonal model
 People are communicators who create

and consumer messages
Berlo’s S-M-C-R Model Of
Communication
This Berlo’s model of communication was
developed by David Berlo (1960)
 It
is the simplest and most influential
message-centered model of that time.
 It
is essentially an adaptation of the
Shannon-Weaver model.
This model consists of following
elements :
 Source
 Message
 Channel
 Receiver
Assumptions of Berlo’s Model
– There has to be a balance between the

source and the receiver if we want the
communication process to be efficient.
 The balance exists in the following:
– Communication skills
– Knowledge
– Social system
– Culture
– Attitude
ROLE
 The idea of “source” was flexible enough to include

oral, written, electronic, or any other kind of
“symbolic” generator-of-messages.
 “Message” was made the central element, stressing

the transmission of ideas.
 The model recognized that receivers were important

to communication, for they were the targets.
ROLE
 Instrumental model
 Most common model used in low-level

communication contexts
 Solves technical problem of how accurately

transmission can occur
 Reflects a commonsense understanding of what

communication is?
ECOLOGICAL MODEL
OF COMMUNICATION
SIMPLIFIED VIEW
All communication is mediated
Mediated by (1)the message, (2)the languages

that the message is encoded in, and (3)the media
Creator and Consumer
Communication is instantiated in messages
Messages are instantiated using language

and media
Communication is instantiated using

languages and media
Cont…
Learn language and media
Create (e.g. invent and evolve) languages

and media
Languages are instantiated using media
Consumption of messages allows perceptions

and relationships with creators
ROLE OF ECOLOGICAL MODEL
 Initiating an integrated communication
 A field can be remade by altering the organizational format
 Invent and evolve language
 Learn how to create messages through the act of consuming

other people messages
 Creation and maintenance of relationships we have with others

GROUP MEMBERS:
1.NISHI
2.BHAWANA
3.LOVELY
4.ANKIT
5.APARNA
6.ATUL
7.GAGAN
8.SANKET
9.DEBASHISH

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COMMUNICATION MODELS AND

 "Communications is the mechanism through which

 This presentation will show you the most recognized and

Receiving and Decoding:

 It gives relevant information

 Aristotle called the study of communication “Rhetoric”.

 Rhetoric communication falls into three divisions:

1. Ethos- The nature or qualities of communicator.

2. Logos- The nature, structure and content of the

3. Pathos- The nature, feelings and thoughts of the

 Provided an explanation of Oral Communication.

 Recognize the importance of audience at the end

 This model helped in developing public

2. ETHOS - Inheres in the speaker.

3. PATHOS - Inheres in the audience.

RECEIVER: decodes the message

Feedback from receiver to sender.

Better the overlapping between two field of

It introduced feedback between between

 Provided “field of experience”

 Explained that communication is reciprocal,

 People are communicators who create

– There has to be a balance between the

 The balance exists in the following:

 The idea of “source” was flexible enough to include

 “Message” was made the central element, stressing

 The model recognized that receivers were important

 Most common model used in low-level

 Solves technical problem of how accurately

 Reflects a commonsense understanding of what

Mediated by (1)the message, (2)the languages

Creator and Consumer

Communication is instantiated in messages

Messages are instantiated using language

Communication is instantiated using

Learn language and media

Create (e.g. invent and evolve) languages

Languages are instantiated using media

Consumption of messages allows perceptions

 A field can be remade by altering the organizational format

 Invent and evolve language

 Learn how to create messages through the act of consuming

 Creation and maintenance of relationships we have with others

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