Adjective Clause

Adjective Clause
-a dependent clause that modifies a noun.

-functions as an adjective (modifies a noun or
pronoun)
-It is possible to combine the following two
sentences to form one sentence containing an
adjective clause
First, it will contain
a subject and verb
Next, it will begin with a relative
pronoun [who, whom, whose, that,
or which] or a relative
adverb [when, where, or why].
Finally, it will function as
an adjective, answering the
questions What kind? How
many? or Which one?
The main relative pronouns are:
Who: used for humans in subject position:
Whom: used for humans in object position:
Marike, whom Hans knows well, is an interior decorator.
Which: used for things and animals in subject or object
position:
Marike has a dog which follows her everywhere.
That: used for humans, animals and things, in subject or
object position (but see below):
Marike is decorating a house that Hans designed.
Hans, who is an architect, lives in Berlin.
-RELATIVE PRONOUN OR ADVERB + SUBJECT + VERB

-RELATIVE PRONOUN AS SUBJECT + VERB
The TIME when arrive is not known.
I cannot recall the MOMENT when this
happened
The old man died at the very HOUR when his
grandson was born
Group 1:Forming
an adjective clause
with the joining
word WHEN
This is the HOUSE where the murder took
place
The police have found the PLACE where the
bandits meet regularly
One of the HOTELS wherewe stayed was
packed with people
Group II : Forming
an adjective clause
with the joining
word WHERE
Do you know the REASON why he resigned?
They have told me the REASON why they
quarreled
No one seems to know the REASON why he
did this
Group III :Forming
an adjective clause
with the joining
word WHY
The BOY who killed Goliath was very brave
indeed
Can you tell me the name of the BOY who
broke the chair
PEOPLE who live near the sea generally know
how to swim
Group IV:Forming
an adjective clause
with the joining
word WHO
Your BROTHER whom I think highly of has
failed in the Examination
The MAN whom I trusted turned out to be a
crook
Seng Kim was the BOY whom I recommended
for the post
Group V : Forming
an adjective clause
with the joining
word WHOM
Do you know the GIRL to whome I delivered
the message this morning?
Can you identify the MAN to whom you gave
the letter
I would like to see the OFFICER to whom I
gave my instructions
Group VI : Forming
an adjective clause
with the joining
words to WHOM
Adjective Clause
Restrictive
-contains information that is
necessary to identify the
noun it modifies.
-If a restrictive adjective
clause is removed from a
sentence, the meaning of
the main clause changes.
-Ex:People who cant
swim should not jump into
the ocean.
Nonrestrictive
-gives additional information
about the noun it modifies
but is not necessary to
identify that noun
-If a nonrestrictive adjective
clause is removed from a
sentence, the meaning of the
main clause does not change.
-Ex:Billy, who couldnt swim,
should not have jumped into
the ocean.
The children are going to visit the museum.
They are on the bus.
The children who are on the bus are going to visit the
museum. | adjective clause |

In the sentence above, there are two other ways to write
the sentence correctly using the second sentence as the
adjective clause.

The children that are on the bus are going to visit the
museum.
The children on the bus are going to visit the
museum.
The church where my grandparents were married is old.
The church in which my grandparents were married is old.
The church which my grandparents were married in is old.
The church that my grandparents were married in is old.
The church my grandparents were married in is old.

In the sentences above, the adjective clauses are
underlined. All answers are correct. Note the use of the
word "in" and how and where it is used.
The church is old.
My grandparents were married there.
I went to the show that was very popular.
This kind of clause is used to provide extra information
about the noun it follows. This can be to define something
(a defining clause), or provide unnecessary, but interesting,
added information (a non-defining clause).
The car that is parked in front of the gates will be towed
away. (Defining relative clause.)
Information contained in the defining relative clause is
absolutely essential in order for us to be able to identify the
car in question.
My dog, who is grey and white, chased the postman.
( Non-defining relative clause)
A non-defining relative clause is separated from the rest of the
sentence by commas. If you take away the non-defining
clause the basic meaning of the sentence remains intact.
The man is happy. + I found the man wallet.
The man whose wallet I found is happy.

The girl is excited. + Her mother won the lottery.
The girl whose mother won the lottery is excited.
I will never forget the day. + I graduated on that day.

I will never forget the day when I graduated.
I will never forget the day on which I graduated.
I will never forget the day that I graduated.
I will never forget the day I graduated.
The building is new. + He works in the building.

The building where he works is new.
The building in which he works is new.
The building which he works in is new.
The building that he works in is new.
The building he works in is new.
People who are living in glass houses should not throw
stones.
People living in glass houses should not throw stones.

Mary applied for a job that was advertised in the paper.
Mary applied for a job advertised in the paper.

People who live in glass houses should not throw stones.
People living in glass houses should not throw stones.

Students who sit in the front row usually participate more.
Students sitting in the front row usually participate more.

Adjective Clause

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Adjective Clause

-a dependent clause that modifies a noun.

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