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    JJ512 Pneumatic & Hydraulic

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    Hafiz Udin
    This document provides an introduction to pneumatic systems. It defines pneumatics as using compressed air to generate mechanical movement. A pneumatic system uses compressed air transported through pipes to move, work or control movement. Common applications of pneumatic systems include packaging, feeding, transferring materials, sorting, stacking, stamping, clamping, shifting, positioning, and pneumatic robots. The document lists advantages of pneumatic systems such as availability of air, ability to transport and store compressed air, insensitivity to temperature fluctuations, minimal risk of explosion, clean exhaust air, adjustable speeds and forces, and overload safety. Disadvantages include need for air preparation, non-uniform piston speeds, limited output force, noise, and relative expense compared to

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    JJ512 Pneumatic & Hydraulic

    Uploaded by

    Hafiz Udin
    98 views35 pages
    This document provides an introduction to pneumatic systems. It defines pneumatics as using compressed air to generate mechanical movement. A pneumatic system uses compressed air transported through pipes to move, work or control movement. Common applications of pneumatic systems include packaging, feeding, transferring materials, sorting, stacking, stamping, clamping, shifting, positioning, and pneumatic robots. The document lists advantages of pneumatic systems such as availability of air, ability to transport and store compressed air, insensitivity to temperature fluctuations, minimal risk of explosion, clean exhaust air, adjustable speeds and forces, and overload safety. Disadvantages include need for air preparation, non-uniform piston speeds, limited output force, noise, and relative expense compared to

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    This document provides an introduction to pneumatic systems. It defines pneumatics as using compressed air to generate mechanical movement. A pneumatic system uses compressed air transported through pipes to move, work or control movement. Common applications of pneumatic systems include packaging, feeding, transferring materials, sorting, stacking, stamping, clamping, shifting, positioning, and pneumatic robots. The document lists advantages of pneumatic systems such as availability of air, ability to transport and store compressed air, insensitivity to temperature fluctuations, minimal risk of explosion, clean exhaust air, adjustable speeds and forces, and overload safety. Disadvantages include need for air preparation, non-uniform piston speeds, limited output force, noise, and relative expense compared to

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    98 views35 pages

    JJ512 Pneumatic & Hydraulic

    Uploaded by

    Hafiz Udin
    This document provides an introduction to pneumatic systems. It defines pneumatics as using compressed air to generate mechanical movement. A pneumatic system uses compressed air transported through pipes to move, work or control movement. Common applications of pneumatic systems include packaging, feeding, transferring materials, sorting, stacking, stamping, clamping, shifting, positioning, and pneumatic robots. The document lists advantages of pneumatic systems such as availability of air, ability to transport and store compressed air, insensitivity to temperature fluctuations, minimal risk of explosion, clean exhaust air, adjustable speeds and forces, and overload safety. Disadvantages include need for air preparation, non-uniform piston speeds, limited output force, noise, and relative expense compared to

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    JJ512

    PNEUMATIC & HYDRAULIC


    Introduction to Pneumatic
    The use of compressed air in order to generate force
    that can produce mechanical movement.
    Definition of Pneumatic
    The history of Pneumatic

    Pneuma means air or breathe and Aktik means
    action/motion (pergerakan) - Greek/Yunani ancient words.
    In a simple sentence :
    Pneumatics means the movement of air
    What is Pneumatic System?

    Pneumatic system is;

    A way to move, work or control movement using
    compressed air in a pneumatic system through
    pipes.
    Compressed Air
    The 3rd Largest Energy Source
    Originates From The Atmosphere
    Used in Every Industry
    Applications
    Packaging
    Feeding
    Transfer of materials
    Sorting
    Stacking
    Stamping and embossing
    Clamping
    Shifting
    Positioning
    Pneumatic Robot.
    Pneumatic System.
    Conveying
    Conveyor
    Actuators used in
    Pushing
    Pneumatic System.
    Clamping
    Punching, bending and sofa testing
    Actuators used in
    Machining - Forming
    Actuators used in
    Testing and Quality
    Control
    Actuators used in Machining - Drilling
    Advantages and
    Disadvantages of
    Pneumatics
    1. Availability
    Air is Practically Available Everywhere.
    It is Available in Unlimited Quantities.
    Advantages of Pneumatics / Compressed Air
    Air can be Easily Transported in Pipelines,
    even Over Large Distances
    2. Transport
    Advantages of Pneumatics / Compressed Air
    A Compressor Need Not Be in Continuous
    Operation.
    Compressed Air can be Stored in a Reservoir
    and Removed as Required.
    The Reservoir can be Transportable.
    3. Storage
    Compressed Air is Relatively Insensitive to
    Temperature Fluctuations.
    This Ensures Reliable Operation, Even
    Under Extreme Conditions.
    Advantages of Pneumatics / Compressed Air
    4. Temperature
    There is Minimal Risk of Explosion or Fire.
    No Expensive Protection Against Explosion
    is Required.
    Advantages of Pneumatics / Compressed Air
    5. Explosion Proof
    Unlubricated Exhaust Air is Clean.
    Any Unlubricated Air Does Not Cause
    Contamination.
    Useful in Food, Wood and Textile Industries.
    Advantages of Pneumatics / Compressed Air
    6. Cleanliness
    Operating Components are of Simple
    Construction and Therefore Relatively
    Inexpensive.
    Advantages of Pneumatics / Compressed Air
    7. Components
    Compressed Air is a Very Fast Working Medium.
    High Working Speeds Can be Obtained.
    8. Speed
    Advantages of Pneumatics / Compressed Air
    With Compressed Air Components, Speeds
    and Forces are Infinitely Variable.
    9. Adjustable
    Pneumatic Tools and Operating Components
    Can be Loaded to the Point of Stopping and
    Therefore Overload Safe.
    10. Overload Safe
    Compressed Air Requires Good
    Preparation.
    Dirt and Condensate Should Not be
    Present.
    Disadvantages of Pneumatics / Compressed Air
    1. Preparation
    It is Not Always Possible to Achieve
    Uniform and Constant Piston Speeds
    with Compressed Air.
    2. Compressible
    Compressed Air is Economical Only
    up to a Certain Force Requirement.
    At 6-7 bar, and dependent on the
    Travel and Speed, the Output Limit is
    Between 20000 and 30000 Newtons.
    Piston force is exceeding 30,000
    Newton.
    Disadvantages of Pneumatics / Compressed Air
    3. Force Requirement
    The Exhaust Air is Loud.
    The Problem is Largely Solved with
    New Silencers.
    Disadvantages of Pneumatics / Compressed Air
    4. Noise Level
    Compressed Air is a Relatively
    Expensive Means of Conveying
    Power.
    The High Energy Costs are Partially
    Compensated by Inexpensive
    Components and Higher Performance.
    Disadvantages of Pneumatics / Compressed Air
    5. Costs
    In a pneumatic system there are 2 main things that can
    be controlled:-
    1) Pressure (the force generated at the cylinder)
    2) Flow rate (the speed of the cylinder)

    Basic Measurement Unit
    UNITS
    PRESSURE
    is a FORCE
    acting on an AREA
    Basic Measurement Unit
    UNITS
    PRESSURE = FORCE
    AREA
    BAR p s i Pascal
    1 BAR = psi 14. 5 =
    KPascal
    100
    1 Pascal = 1 Newton
    1 metre
    2
    Pressure
    The units most widely used are.
    Pressure : bar/pound per square inch (psi) /Pascal (Pa)
    (1 bar = 14.5 psi = 10
    5
    /100,000 Pa/100kPa)
    Basic Measurement Unit
    Pneumatic System Flow
    Pneumatic elements
    Energy supply
    Input elements
    Processing element
    Final control element
    Actuating devices
    compressor
    receiver/air reservoir/air tank
    service unit
    sensors
    pushbutton
    limit switches
    directional control valve
    logic elements
    directional control valve
    cylinders
    1
    2
    3
    4
    5
    Compressed Air Preparation
    Design of an air generation plant
    Compressed Air Supply
    Atmospheric Air
    Details Air Quality Standard
    Compressor Piston, Vane, Screw
    Energy Supply
    Electric Motor
    Diesel or Petrol Engine
    Storage
    Receiver
    Filter
    Drying
    Absorption, Refrigeration, Adsorption
    Distribution
    Air distribution system
    Service unit
    Filter, Regulator, Lubricator
    Plant
    AIRBORNE CONTAMINATION
    DIRT
    OIL
    WATER
    Contamination can resulted in:

    Dirty contaminated air in the system.
    Causing pipework contamination &
    damage.
    Blocking valves and machinery.
    Problems
    to be continued

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