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    Botany Ch06 Roots

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    Mae Quenie Abadingo Tiro
    Roots have several primary functions including absorbing water and minerals from soil and storing nutrients. Roots systems can be fibrous or taproots. Dicots and monocots have different root structures. Roots have specialized tissues and regions including the root cap, region of cell division, region of elongation, and region of maturation. Roots can be storage roots that store nutrients or aerial roots that grow above ground. Some roots have specialized purposes like contractile roots that pull bulbs deeper or prop roots and buttress roots that support trees. Pneumatophores and mycorrhizal roots help with gas exchange and nutrient absorption. Root nodules contain nitrogen-fixing bacteria. Many plant roots are used for food

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    Botany Ch06 Roots

    Uploaded by

    Mae Quenie Abadingo Tiro
    318 views67 pages
    Roots have several primary functions including absorbing water and minerals from soil and storing nutrients. Roots systems can be fibrous or taproots. Dicots and monocots have different root structures. Roots have specialized tissues and regions including the root cap, region of cell division, region of elongation, and region of maturation. Roots can be storage roots that store nutrients or aerial roots that grow above ground. Some roots have specialized purposes like contractile roots that pull bulbs deeper or prop roots and buttress roots that support trees. Pneumatophores and mycorrhizal roots help with gas exchange and nutrient absorption. Root nodules contain nitrogen-fixing bacteria. Many plant roots are used for food

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    Roots have several primary functions including absorbing water and minerals from soil and storing nutrients. Roots systems can be fibrous or taproots. Dicots and monocots have different root structures. Roots have specialized tissues and regions including the root cap, region of cell division, region of elongation, and region of maturation. Roots can be storage roots that store nutrients or aerial roots that grow above ground. Some roots have specialized purposes like contractile roots that pull bulbs deeper or prop roots and buttress roots that support trees. Pneumatophores and mycorrhizal roots help with gas exchange and nutrient absorption. Root nodules contain nitrogen-fixing bacteria. Many plant roots are used for food

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    318 views67 pages

    Botany Ch06 Roots

    Uploaded by

    Mae Quenie Abadingo Tiro
    Roots have several primary functions including absorbing water and minerals from soil and storing nutrients. Roots systems can be fibrous or taproots. Dicots and monocots have different root structures. Roots have specialized tissues and regions including the root cap, region of cell division, region of elongation, and region of maturation. Roots can be storage roots that store nutrients or aerial roots that grow above ground. Some roots have specialized purposes like contractile roots that pull bulbs deeper or prop roots and buttress roots that support trees. Pneumatophores and mycorrhizal roots help with gas exchange and nutrient absorption. Root nodules contain nitrogen-fixing bacteria. Many plant roots are used for food

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    At a glance
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    Roots serve several important functions for plants including absorption of water and minerals, storage of nutrients, and providing structural support.

    The primary functions of roots are absorption of water and minerals from the soil, anchoring the plant, and storing food for the plant.

    There are two main types of root systems: fibrous root systems, which have many small roots, and taproot systems, which have one main root with smaller branch roots.

    Chapter 6

    Roots
    Plant organ systems

    What are the primary


    functions of roots?

    Fibrous and taproot systems

    Dicots

    Monocots

    Dicot root, c.s.

    Root structure

    Root cap
    Parenchyma
    Mucigel
    Perception

    gravity

    of

    Dicot root, l.s.


    Region

    of cell division
    Region of elongation

    Region of
    maturation

    Monocot root, c.s.

    Xylem

    Phloem

    Endodermis

    Endodermis regulates
    mineral absorption

    Secondary growth
    Growth

    in diameter
    Ex. Sweet potato
    Secondary growth occurs at the lateral
    meristems, namely the vascular
    cambiu and cork cambium.
    The former forms secondary
    xylem and secondary phloem, while
    the latter forms the periderm.

    Specialized roots
    Storage

    roots

    Camote root

    Roots of carrots

    Storage roots
    Roots which store a portion of the
    energy/nutrients gathered or produced
    by a plant, Potatoes , beets , ginger
    are some examples of them.

    Aerial roots

    Aerial roots (poison ivy)

    Aerial roots
    Velamen

    (orchids)

    Aerial roots velamen (orchids)

    AERIAL ROOTS

    Type of roots above the ground. They


    are almost always adventitious.

    Contractile roots

    Roots of a corn

    Contractile root
    Roots

    that pull bulbs or corms deeper


    in the soil through expanding radially
    and contracting longitudinally. They
    have a wrinkled surface.

    Buttress roots

    Prop roots

    Prop roots

    Prop roots Mangrove swamp

    Propagative roots

    Pneumatophores

    Cypress pneumatophores,
    Black River, NC

    Pneumatophores
    These

    specialized aerial roots enable


    plants to breathe air in habitats that
    have waterlogged soil. The roots may
    grow down from the stem, or up from
    typical roots.

    Mycorrhizae

    A mutualistic fungal association


    with roots

    Mycorrhizae

    Root nodules

    Root nodules

    Root nodules

    Nitrogen fixation research


    Ammonia diffusion hypothesis of
    nitrogen transport into plants

    Parasitic roots
    Witchweed

    Parasitic roots
    Oscula

    of witchweed (Striga sp.)

    Human uses of roots

    sweet potatoes

    cassava

    yams

    Rosemary's Root Beer Tonic


    Ingredients (4 servings)
    3 oz Sassafras Bark, dried
    2 oz Sarsaparilla root, dried
    1 oz Dandelion Root, dried
    1 oz Burdock Root, dried
    1/2 oz Ground Ginger root
    1/2 oz Ground Cinnamon
    1/4 oz Orange Peel, dried

    link

    Mix together all ingredients and store in a tightly closed


    container. In a large pot combine 1 quart of water and 4
    tablespoons of dry mixture. Bring to a boil, cover and
    simmer for 15 to 20 minutes. Strain and sweeten with
    honey or stevia (also called "sweet herb") if desired.
    Source: Vegetarian Times, April 1993

    Herbal medications
    Ginger

    Valeriana officinalis

    Valerian extract, derived from the dried rhizomes and roots


    of the plant, has been used for thousands of years as a folk
    remedy, tranquilizer and calmative for several disorders
    such as restlessness, nervousness, insomnia, hysteria,
    menstrual problems, and as a sedative for "nervous"
    stomach. Valerian extracts are currently used in scores of
    compounds and teas in Europe.

    Licorice (Glycyrrhiza glabra)

    Rotenone comes from Derris root and Lonchocarpus


    species leaf (Family: Leguminosae)
    It is an insecticide and also used as a fish poison.
    Rotenone disrupts cellular respiration and death is
    relatively slow compared to most nerve toxins. Rotenone
    is extremely toxic to fish and is used as a fish poison by
    South American Indians and in water management
    programs.

    Roots & erosion


    ErosionSeed.com

    Root research
    CO2

    concentration and root growth


    Phytoremediation and molecular
    farming
    Mercury detoxification
    TNT detoxification
    Root

    cap function

    Root nematodes

    Root nematodes

    Root nematodes
    -disrupts the uptake of nutrients
    and water
    -interferes with plant growth
    -vector for viruses

    Root nematode damage

    Root nematode damage

    Root nematodes reduce


    crop productivity

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