Hazardous Waste Disposal

Hazardous
Waste Disposal
How to Dispose of Hazardous Waste

Knowing how to dispose ofhazardous waste is
imperative for citizens and business owners alike
because of the dangerous nature of the materials.
Hazardous wastes can be potentially harmful to
both thehealth of humans and animals as well as
to the environment. They can be found in the
form of solids, liquids, gases or sludge, and they
come from items such as cleaning fluids,
manufacturing by-products,fertilizers, light bulbs,
pool chemicals, paint and thinners, insecticides
and other manufactured items.
STEPS! :D
1.
Consider reduction as a disposal
tactic.Many industries are
looking for ways to reduce the
amount of hazardous chemicals
they use, which in turn reduces
the amount of hazardous waste
they generate. According to the
Environmental Protection Agency,
various approaches to do this
include:
-Lean manufacturing
-Energy recovery
-Environmental Management
Systems (EMS)
-Green chemistry
2.
Reuse andrecycle potentially hazardous
materials.
-Many items that can become
hazardous waste disposal problems
can be recycled or, in some cases,
reclaimed, which is a process that
recovers what is left of the usable
product.
-Some reclamation processes are the
recovery of acetone from spent
solvents and lead from metals.
-Zinc can be gathered from smelting
furnaces.
-Used oil, hydraulic fluids, refrigerator
compressors and more can be
recovered from cars and fridges.
-Batteries can also be recycled.
3
Look into land disposal.
Land disposal of hazardous waste
contains the waste in a landfill, waste pile,
injection well or other land based disposal
area. These areas fall under regulation to
help protect the families around them as
well as reduce environmental impact
resulting from the disposal of the
hazardous waste.
4.
Keep up to date with your permits.
According to the Environmental Protection
Agency (EPA), the Resource Conservation
and Recovery Act (RCRA) hazardous waste
permitting program is in place to help
make sure that specific requirements are
followed in regards to the safe treatment,
storage, and disposal of hazardous waste.
Permits are issued by authorized states or
by EPA regional offices. Electronic
permitting is available, and owners of
Treatment, Storage, and Disposal (TSD)
facilities must keep records and submit
regular reports to the EPA.
5.
Find out what collection facilities are
available in your community or area.
- Most local government websites can
direct you to the appropriate
contacts for help disposing of your
hazardous waste.
- Some communities have special
collection facilities or days.
- Businesses may have their own
collection sites or on-premise
collection areas. Be aware that some
household hazardous waste sites have
special disposal requirements which
depend on the material.
-Some communities have special days
set aside where they set up one
location for a large collection of
hazardous waste.
Procedures Guide for the Disposal of

Hazardous Waste
Proper management of the hazardous waste generated in a lab is not
only the right thing to do: it's also the law. This waste is regulated at the
federal (EPA) and state (DEP) level. Here are a few of the most
important issues of managing hazardous waste in a laboratory.
Containers
All Hazardous waste containers must:
Be secure and in good condition
Be compatible with waste.
Have a screw cap - no corks or rubber stoppers.
Be kept closed at all times unless waste is being added.
Labels
The chemical names must be written out.
Check-off the appropriate hazard box
Enter the date only when the container is full or when the container is
ready for pick-up.
Hazardous waste should not be poured down the

drain, hazardous waste which are poured down the
drain will eventually find their way in the general
supply water. When poured on the ground, it can
seep into the soil which can cause environmental
damage. Waste thrown into trash will end up at the
dumpsite where it will be exposed to the
environment.
Hazardous Waste Land Disposal

Units (LDUs)
Landfillsare excavated or engineered sites where non-liquid
hazardous waste is deposited for final disposal and covered.
These units are selected and designed to minimize the chance of
release of hazardous waste into the environment. Design
standards for hazardous waste landfills require a double liner;
double leachate collection and removal systems (LCRS); leak
detection system; run on, runoff, and wind dispersal controls;
construction quality assurance (CQA) program. Liquid wastes may
not be placed in a hazardous waste landfill. Operators must also
comply with inspection, monitoring, and release response
requirements. Since landfills are permanent disposal sites and are
closed with waste in place, closure and post-closure care
requirements include installing and maintaining a final cover,
continuing operation of the LCRS until leachate is no longer
detected, maintaining and monitoring the leak detection system,
maintaining ground water monitoring, preventing storm water run
on and runoff, and installing and protecting surveyed
benchmarks.
Surface Impoundmentsare natural topographic depressions,

man-made excavations, or diked areas formed primarily of earthen
materials used for temporary storage or treatment of liquid
hazardous waste. Examples include holding, storage, settling,
aeration pits, ponds, and lagoons. Hazardous waste surface
impoundments are required to be constructed with a double liner
system, a leachate collection and removal systems (LCRS), and a
leak detection system. To ensure proper installation and
construction, regulations require the unit to have and follow a
construction construction quality assurance (CQA) program. The
regulations also outline monitoring, inspection, response action, and
closure requirements.
Waste Pilesare non-containerized piles of solid, non-liquid
hazardous waste that are used for temporary storage or treatment.
In addition to the standard double liner and leachate collection and
removal systems (LCRS), waste piles are required to have a second
LCRS above the top liner. Waste piles must also have run on and
runoff controls, be managed to prevent wind dispersal of waste, and
are subject to inspection, monitoring, and release response
requirements. When closing a waste pile, all waste residue and
contaminated soils and equipment must be removed or
decontaminated.
Land Treatment Unitsuse naturally occurring soil microbes and

sunlight to treat hazardous waste. This is accomplished by applying
the hazardous waste directly on the soil surface or incorporating it
into the upper layers of the soil in order to degrade, transform, or
immobilize the hazardous constituents. Land treatment units rely
upon the physical, chemical, and biological processes occurring in
the topsoil layers to contain the waste. Because of this, the units
are not required to have liner systems or an leachate collection and
removal systems (LCRS). Before hazardous waste can be placed in
a land treatment unit, operators must complete a treatment
demonstration to demonstrate the unit's effectiveness and ability to
treat the hazardous waste. Once operational, operators must
monitor the unit (unsaturated zone monitoring) to ensure that all
hazardous constituents are being treated adequately. Unit closure
consists primarily of placing a vegetative cover over the unit and
certifying that hazardous constituent levels in the treatment zone
do not exceed background levels. The remaining types of land
disposal units are categorized as miscellaneous units:
Injection Wellsare regulated primarily under the Safe Drinking
Water Act and theUnderground Injection Control (UIC) Program .
Salt Dome Formations, Salt Bed Formations,

Underground Mines, and Underground
Cavesare geologic repositories. Because these
units vary greatly, they are subject to
environmental performance standards, not
prescribed technology-based standards (e.g.,
liners, leachate collection systems, leak detection
systems). The standards require that these
miscellaneous units must be located, designed,
constructed, operated, maintained, and closed in
a manner that ensures the protection of human
health and the environment.

Hazardous Waste Disposal

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What are some methods for reducing hazardous waste?

What are some options for reuse and recycling of hazardous materials?

Hazardous

How to Dispose of Hazardous Waste

Procedures Guide for the Disposal of

Hazardous waste should not be poured down the

Hazardous Waste Land Disposal

Surface Impoundmentsare natural topographic depressions,

Land Treatment Unitsuse naturally occurring soil microbes and

Salt Dome Formations, Salt Bed Formations,

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