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06CS761 PPTs Chapter I

The document discusses Microsoft's .NET vision and framework. It provides an overview of the limitations of previous technologies and how .NET addresses them. The key topics covered include the Common Language Runtime (CLR), Common Type System (CTS), assemblies, Common Intermediate Language (CIL) and benefits of the .NET platform.

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Gajendra Deshpande
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61 views

06CS761 PPTs Chapter I

The document discusses Microsoft's .NET vision and framework. It provides an overview of the limitations of previous technologies and how .NET addresses them. The key topics covered include the Common Language Runtime (CLR), Common Type System (CTS), assemblies, Common Intermediate Language (CIL) and benefits of the .NET platform.

Uploaded by

Gajendra Deshpande
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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You are on page 1/ 43

Mr. G.C.

Deshpande
Lecturer, CSE@KLS.GIT

The .NET Vision


Seeing brings about
evolution. Vision brings about
revolution.
.NET is Microsofts vision of
how computing is going to
take place in future. .NET
offers a whole new paradigm
that will change the way you
think about writing software.

Topic Level Objectives


To lay the conceptual groundwork for remaining
chapters.
To confabulate about .NET related topics such as
assemblies, the
Common Intermediate Language (CIL), and just-intime (JIT)
compilation.
To preview some key features of the C#
programming language.
To throw light on the relationship between various
aspects of the
.NET Framework, such as Common Language
Runtime (CLR),
the Common Type System (CTS), and the Common

Intended Learning Outcomes


1. Investigate limitations and complexities found within the

technologies prior to .NET [L 4].


2. Explain the building blocks of .NET platform [L 2].
3. Discuss the role of .NET base class libraries [L 2].
4. Discuss the role of CIL and its benefits [L 2].
5. Distinguish between single-file and multi file assemblies [L 2].
6. Discuss the role of .NET type metadata and assembly manifest

[L 2].
7. Explain the CTS and CLR [L 2].
8. Discuss Common Language Specification [L 2].
9. Write CLS compliant code [L 5].
10. Deploy the .NET runtime [L 3].

Understanding the Previous


State of Affairs
Life As a C/Win32 API Programmer
Life As a C++/MFC Programmer
Life As a Visual Basic 6.0

Programmer
Life As a Java/J2EE Programmer
Life As a COM Programmer
Life As a Windows DNA Programmer

Life As a C/Win32 API


Programmer
C +Windows API
Complex undertaking
C is terse language
Manual memory management
Ugly pointer arithmetic
Ugly syntactical constructs

Lacks object-oriented approach

Life As a C++/MFC Programmer


Improvement over C/API
Continuation of painful aspects of C

language
MFC- C++ Framework provides set of

existing C++ classes that facilitate the


construction of Windows Applications.
C++ remains as a difficult and error-prone

experience

Life As a VB 6.0 Programmer


Kinder and gentler language
Build Complex UI, Code libraries, Data Access

logic
Integrated code wizards, Intrinsic data types,
classes and VB-centric functions
Not fully object oriented
No classical inheritance
No support for parameterized class
construction
No support for multithreaded applications

Life As a Java/J2EE programmer


Almost completely object oriented
Java is Language + Platform
Little hope for language

independence (against Javas


primary goal)
Not appropriate for graphically and
numerically intensive applications
Little support for true cross
language integration

Life As a COM Programmer


If you build your classes in accordance with the

rules of COM, you end up with a block of reusable


binary code
Binary COM servers can be accessed in a language
independent manner
Limited language independence (no classical
inheritance) has-a relationship
Location transparent nature(AppIDs, stubs, proxies,
com runtime environments). Avoid raw sockets and
RPC calls
DLL hell problem (registration and deployment
issues)

Life As a Windows DNA


Programmer
Distributed iNternet Architecture
Windows DNA (ASP,HTML,

XML,ADO, VBScript, JavaScript,


COM)
Syntactically unrelated
Each language has its own type
system

The .NET Solution


Full Interoperability with existing

code
Complete and total language

integration
A common runtime engine shared
by all .NET-aware languages
A base class library
No more COM plumbing
A truly simplified deployment model

Building Blocks of the .NET


Platform

Figure 1.1: The CLR, CTS, CLS and base class library
relationship

What C# Brings to the Table


No pointers required !
Automatic memory management
Formal syntactic constructs
C++ like abilities
Generic types and generic members
Full support for Interface-based

programming techniques
Full support for aspect-oriented
programming (AOP) techniques

An Overview of .NET
Assemblies

Figure 1.2: All .NET-aware compilers emit IL instructions


and metadata

The Role of the CIL

The Role of the CIL

The Role of the CIL

The Role of the CIL

The Role of the CIL


Benefits of CIL
Language Integration
Platform-Agnostic

Compiling CIL to Platform-Specific

Instructions
just-in-time compiler or jitter
Jitter for handheld device low memory environment
Jitter for Backend server high memory environment

The Role of .NET Type Metadata


Describes each and every type (class,

structs) defined in the binary and members


(methods, properties) of each type
Compiler emits the latest type metadata
Intellisense feature of VS
Debugging tools
C# Compiler
Backbone of WCF, Reflection, late binding,

Object serialization etc

The Role of .NET Type Metadata

(methods, properties)

The Role of Assembly Manifest


Metadata that describes assembly itself
The manifest documents all external

assemblies required by the current


assembly to function correctly, the
assemblys version number, copyright
information, and so forth.
Generated by compiler

The Role of the Assembly


Manifest

The Common Type System


CTS class types
CTS structure types
CTS Interface types
CTS Enumeration types
CTS delegate types
CTS type members
Intrinsic CTS data types

CTS class types

Table 1.1: CTS class


characteristics

CTS structure types

Differences between classes


and structs
Structs are value types
All struct types implicitly inherit from the class

System.ValueType
Assignment to a variable of a struct type creates a
copy of the value being assigned
The default value of a struct is the value produced by
setting all value type fields to their default values and
all reference type fields to null
Boxing and unboxing operations are used to convert
between a struct type and object
The meaning of this is different for structs
A struct is not permitted to declare a parameterless
instance constructor
A struct is not permitted to declare a destructor

CTS Interface types

CTS Enumeration types

CTS delegate types

Intrinsic CTS data types


Table 1.2: The intrinsic CTS
data types

The Common Language


Specification

Rule 1: CLS rules apply only to those parts


of a type that are exposed outside the
defining assembly

The Common Language


Specification

Ensuring CLS Compliance

The Common Language


Runtime

Figure 1.3: mscoree.dll in action

The .NET Namespaces


Accessing a Namespace Programmatically
Referencing External Assemblies

The .NET Namespaces

The .NET Namespaces

The .NET Namespaces

References
1] Andrew Troelsen, Pro C#with.NET 3.0, SpecialEdition,
Dream tech Press, India, 2007.
2]E. Balagurusamy, Programming in C#, 5thReprint, Tata
McGraw Hill,
2004(For Programming Examples).
3] Tom Archer, Inside C#, WP Publishers, 2001.
4]Herbert Schildt,C#: The Complete Reference, TMH, 2004.
5] Yashavant Kanetkar, C#.NET fundas, First Edition, BPB
Publications,
2002

Contact Me
Email: gcdeshpande@git.edu
gcdeshpande@hotmail.com
Blog: gcdeshpande.spaces.live.com
Follow on twitter:
www.twitter.com/gcdeshpande

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