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    Mcnemars Test

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    Mia
    McNemar's test is a statistical test used to analyze paired nominal data involving dichotomous variables. It is applied to 2x2 contingency tables to determine if row and column marginal frequencies are equal. McNemar's test is commonly used to analyze pretest-posttest study designs and matched case-control studies. It assumes a categorical dependent variable with two categories, two related groups for the independent variable, mutually exclusive dependent variable groups, and a random sample. The test statistic follows a chi-square distribution, and the null hypothesis of equal proportions is rejected if the statistic exceeds the critical value.

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    Mcnemars Test

    Uploaded by

    Mia
    331 views20 pages
    McNemar's test is a statistical test used to analyze paired nominal data involving dichotomous variables. It is applied to 2x2 contingency tables to determine if row and column marginal frequencies are equal. McNemar's test is commonly used to analyze pretest-posttest study designs and matched case-control studies. It assumes a categorical dependent variable with two categories, two related groups for the independent variable, mutually exclusive dependent variable groups, and a random sample. The test statistic follows a chi-square distribution, and the null hypothesis of equal proportions is rejected if the statistic exceeds the critical value.

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    McNemar's test is a statistical test used to analyze paired nominal data involving dichotomous variables. It is applied to 2x2 contingency tables to determine if row and column marginal frequencies are equal. McNemar's test is commonly used to analyze pretest-posttest study designs and matched case-control studies. It assumes a categorical dependent variable with two categories, two related groups for the independent variable, mutually exclusive dependent variable groups, and a random sample. The test statistic follows a chi-square distribution, and the null hypothesis of equal proportions is rejected if the statistic exceeds the critical value.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    331 views20 pages

    Mcnemars Test

    Uploaded by

    Mia
    McNemar's test is a statistical test used to analyze paired nominal data involving dichotomous variables. It is applied to 2x2 contingency tables to determine if row and column marginal frequencies are equal. McNemar's test is commonly used to analyze pretest-posttest study designs and matched case-control studies. It assumes a categorical dependent variable with two categories, two related groups for the independent variable, mutually exclusive dependent variable groups, and a random sample. The test statistic follows a chi-square distribution, and the null hypothesis of equal proportions is rejected if the statistic exceeds the critical value.

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    MCNEMARS

    TEST

    McNemars

    test was first


    published in a Psychometrika
    article in 1947.
    It was
    created by Quinn McNemar,
    who was a professor in the
    Psychology and Statistics
    department
    at
    Stanford
    University.
    (http://www.statisticssolutions
    .com/non-parametric-analysismcnemars-test/)

    In

    statistics, McNemar's test


    is a statistical test used on
    paired nominal data. It is
    applied to 2 2 contingency
    tables with a dichotomous
    trait, with matched pairs of
    subjects, to determine
    whether the row and column
    marginal frequencies are
    equal
    (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki
    /McNemar%27s_test)

    Uses of Mcnemars Test


    The

    McNemar test is used to


    analyze pretest-posttest study
    designs, as well as being commonly
    employed in analyzing matched
    pairs and case-control studies.

    McNemar's

    test is used in many


    fields, including the behavioral and
    biomedical sciences.

    Assumption:

    The

    McNemar's test has three


    assumptions that must be met

    Assumption #1: You have one


    categorical dependent variable with
    two categories (i.e.,a dichotomous
    variable) and one categorical
    independent variable with two
    related groups.

    Assumption

    #2: The two groups of


    your dependent variable must be
    mutually exclusive

    Assumption

    #3: The cases (e.g.,


    participants) are a random sample
    from the population of interest.

    (https://statistics.laerd.com/spsstutorials/mcnemars-test-using-spssstatistics.php)

    Pair-Matched Data for Case-Control Study:


    outcome is exposure to some risk factor

    Paired Data for Before-After


    Counts

    Null hypotheses for Paired


    Data

    Hypothesis
    Null

    hypothesis: Assumes that the


    total rows are equal to the sum of
    columns. The mean of paired samples
    are equal and no (significant) change
    has occurred.
    Alternative Hypothesis: Assumes
    that the total number of rows is not
    equal to the total number of columns, or
    that the paired sample means are not
    equal.

    Cells

    b and c are called the


    discordant cells because they represent
    pairs with a difference

    Cells

    a and d are the concordant


    cells. These cells do not contribute any
    information about a difference between
    pairs or over time so they arent used to
    calculate the test statistic

    The McNemars Chi-square


    statistic is calculated using the
    counts in the b and c cells of
    the table:
    Rule of thumb: b + c 20

    If the null hypothesis is true the


    McNemar Chi-square statistic = 0.

    McNemar statistic distribution


    The sampling distribution of the
    McNemar statistic is a Chi-square
    distribution.

    For a test with alpha = 0.05, the


    critical value for the McNemar statistic
    = 3.84. The null hypothesis is not
    rejected if the McNemar statistic < 3.84.

    The null hypothesis is rejected if the


    McNemar statistic > 3.84.

    P-value for McNemar statistic


    You can find the p-value for the
    McNemar statistic using R
    1-pchisq(X2,1)

    If the test statistic is > 3.84, the pvalue will be < 0.05 and the null
    hypothesis of equal proportions between
    pairs or over time will be rejected.

    EXAMPLE:

    A researcher attempts to determine if a


    drug has an effect on a particular
    disease. Counts of individuals are given
    in the table, with the diagnosis (disease:
    present or absent) before treatment
    given in the rows, and the diagnosis
    after treatment in the columns. The test
    requires the same subjects to be
    included in the before-and-after
    measurements (matched pairs).

    After:present After:absent

    Row total

    101

    121

    222

    Before:absen
    59
    t

    33

    92

    Column total

    154

    314

    Before:prese
    nt

    160

    In

    this example, the null hypothesis of


    "marginal homogeneity" would mean
    there was no effect of the treatment.
    From the above data, the McNemar test
    statistic:

    has

    the value 21.35, which is extremely


    unlikely to form the distribution implied
    by the null hypothesis (P < 0.001). Thus
    the test provides strong evidence to
    reject the null hypothesis of no
    treatment effect.

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