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    01 What Is A Hybrid Vehicle

    Uploaded by

    Ali Saleh
    Hybrid vehicles have become necessary to improve fuel efficiency and reduce emissions in response to increasing energy demand and global warming. There are three main types of hybrid systems - series, parallel, and Toyota's THS which combines the strengths of the series and parallel systems. THS uses four functions including regenerative braking and EV driving to improve fuel efficiency compared to conventional vehicles. The newer THS II system in the Prius delivers both low fuel consumption and higher power through technological improvements over THS. Driving a hybrid is similar to a conventional vehicle except the engine may shut off when stopped. Toyota has expanded its hybrid lineup since 1997 and global hybrid sales surpassed 2 million vehicles in 2009.

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    01 What Is A Hybrid Vehicle

    Uploaded by

    Ali Saleh
    152 views22 pages
    Hybrid vehicles have become necessary to improve fuel efficiency and reduce emissions in response to increasing energy demand and global warming. There are three main types of hybrid systems - series, parallel, and Toyota's THS which combines the strengths of the series and parallel systems. THS uses four functions including regenerative braking and EV driving to improve fuel efficiency compared to conventional vehicles. The newer THS II system in the Prius delivers both low fuel consumption and higher power through technological improvements over THS. Driving a hybrid is similar to a conventional vehicle except the engine may shut off when stopped. Toyota has expanded its hybrid lineup since 1997 and global hybrid sales surpassed 2 million vehicles in 2009.

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    Hybrid Power point show from toyota

    Original Title

    01 What is a Hybrid Vehicle

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    Hybrid vehicles have become necessary to improve fuel efficiency and reduce emissions in response to increasing energy demand and global warming. There are three main types of hybrid systems - series, parallel, and Toyota's THS which combines the strengths of the series and parallel systems. THS uses four functions including regenerative braking and EV driving to improve fuel efficiency compared to conventional vehicles. The newer THS II system in the Prius delivers both low fuel consumption and higher power through technological improvements over THS. Driving a hybrid is similar to a conventional vehicle except the engine may shut off when stopped. Toyota has expanded its hybrid lineup since 1997 and global hybrid sales surpassed 2 million vehicles in 2009.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    152 views22 pages

    01 What Is A Hybrid Vehicle

    Uploaded by

    Ali Saleh
    Hybrid vehicles have become necessary to improve fuel efficiency and reduce emissions in response to increasing energy demand and global warming. There are three main types of hybrid systems - series, parallel, and Toyota's THS which combines the strengths of the series and parallel systems. THS uses four functions including regenerative braking and EV driving to improve fuel efficiency compared to conventional vehicles. The newer THS II system in the Prius delivers both low fuel consumption and higher power through technological improvements over THS. Driving a hybrid is similar to a conventional vehicle except the engine may shut off when stopped. Toyota has expanded its hybrid lineup since 1997 and global hybrid sales surpassed 2 million vehicles in 2009.

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    What is a

    Hybrid Vehicle?
    Contents
    Contents
    Why
    Why are
    are hybrid
    hybrid vehicles
    vehicles necessary
    necessary now?
    now?
    Types
    Types of
    of Hybrid
    Hybrid Systems
    Systems

    22
    77

    Features
    Features of
    of THS
    THS (TOYOTA
    (TOYOTA Hybrid
    Hybrid System)
    System)
    THS
    THS II
    II (TOYOTA
    (TOYOTA Hybrid
    Hybrid System
    System II)
    II)

    11
    11
    14
    14

    Characteristics
    Characteristics when
    when driving
    driving aa hybrid
    hybrid vehicle
    vehicle
    Hybrid
    Hybrid Vehicle
    Vehicle Lineup
    Lineup

    18
    18
    20
    20

    Number
    Number of
    of Hybrid
    Hybrid Vehicles
    Vehicles for
    for Sale
    Sale

    21
    21

    What is a Hybrid Vehicle?


    Why are hybrid vehicles necessary now?
    Expansion of the automobile market

    What is a Hybrid Vehicle?


    Why are hybrid vehicles necessary now?
    Increase in energy consumption
    (Mtoe)

    Energy
    Consumption

    2500
    2000
    1500
    1000
    500
    0
    1990

    2000

    2010

    2020

    2030

    (Mtoe: Million Tonnes of Oil Equivalent)

    What is a Hybrid Vehicle?


    Why are hybrid vehicles necessary now?
    Global warming caused by CO2

    CO22

    CO2 Concentration

    (ppmv)

    600

    500

    400

    300
    260
    1200 1400 1600 1800 2000
    4

    What is a Hybrid Vehicle?


    Why are hybrid vehicles necessary now?

    An Eco-car which has good fuel


    consumption and low CO2 emissions is
    necessary.
    5

    What is a Hybrid Vehicle?


    Why are hybrid vehicles necessary now?
    Hybrid technology is the core technology for
    developing the ultimate Eco-car.
    Ultimate eco-car

    Alternative
    Fuel HV

    Diesel
    HV

    Biofuels
    Synthetic Fuels
    CNG

    Alternative
    Energy
    6

    DPNR

    Low CO22
    emission
    Clean emission

    Plug-in
    HV
    THS II

    FCHV

    D-4
    Lean Burn

    Common-rail

    Diesel
    Engine

    EV

    VVT-i

    Gasoline
    Engine

    Electrical
    Energy

    What is a Hybrid Vehicle?


    Identification of Toyota & Lexus Hybrid Vehicles
    Badges

    What is a Hybrid Vehicle?


    ERGs Emergency Response Guides
    Read and study the contents carefully to minimise
    risk.

    What is a Hybrid Vehicle?


    Types of Hybrid Systems
    Series Hybrid System
    The engine drives a generator and an electric motor
    uses this generated electricity to drive the wheels.

    Balance of engine and


    motor operation
    (conceptual diagram)
    Engine
    Motor

    What is a Hybrid Vehicle?


    Types of Hybrid Systems
    Parallel Hybrid System
    Both the engine and the motor drive the wheels.

    Balance of engine and


    motor operation
    (conceptual diagram)
    Engine

    10

    Motor

    What is a Hybrid Vehicle?


    Types of Hybrid Systems
    THS (TOYOTA Hybrid System)
    Strong points of both the series and parallel systems
    are realized in one system.

    Balance of engine and


    motor operation
    (conceptual diagram)
    Engine

    11

    Motor

    What is a Hybrid Vehicle?


    Types of Hybrid Systems
    Hybrid system comparison
    Fuel Economy Improvement
    System

    12

    Driving Performance

    Idling
    Time
    Reduction

    Energy
    Recovery

    High-efficiency
    Operation
    Control

    Total
    Efficiency

    Acceleration

    Continuous
    High
    Output

    Series

    Parallel

    THS
    (Seriesparallel)

    : Excellent

    : Very Good

    : Somewhat Unfavorable

    What is a Hybrid Vehicle?


    Features of THS (TOYOTA Hybrid System)
    4 functions

    Idling Time
    Reduction

    EV
    Drive

    Motor
    Assist

    Regenerative
    Braking

    THS
    13

    What is a Hybrid Vehicle?


    Features of THS (TOYOTA Hybrid System)
    THS Operation (Outline)

    14

    Starting
    from Rest

    Normal
    Driving

    Motor Only

    Motor and
    Engine

    Acceleration

    Motor and Engine


    (Additional
    Electricity Extracted
    from Battery)

    Deceleration

    Charging
    Battery

    Stopped

    Engine
    Automatically
    Stopped

    What is a Hybrid Vehicle?


    Features of THS (TOYOTA Hybrid System)
    Comparison with a conventional vehicle
    Item
    Power
    Source
    Transmission

    Conventional
    Vehicle
    Engine

    Hybrid Vehicle
    (THS)
    Engine
    Motor

    Generator
    A/T

    M/T
    CVT

    Power Splitting
    Device
    Hydraulic

    Brakes

    Battery

    15

    Powertrain
    Control

    Hydraulic
    Brakes

    12 V Battery

    ECM

    Brakes
    Regenerative
    Brakes
    12

    V Battery
    201.6 V
    Battery
    HV

    ECU
    ECM
    Inverter

    Note about THS


    Driving

    the vehicle using the motor


    is possible (the engine is off).
    Engine power is used to drive the
    vehicle and generate electricity.
    Splits

    engine, motor, and generator


    power.
    Functions as a CVT.
    Cooperative control between the
    hydraulic brakes and regenerative
    brakes is performed.
    High voltage is used for driving the
    vehicle using the motor.
    These components control the
    engine, motor, and generator.

    What is a Hybrid Vehicle?


    THS II (TOYOTA Hybrid System II)
    Concept

    Low Fuel
    Consumption

    16

    Higher
    Power

    What is a Hybrid Vehicle?


    THS II (TOYOTA Hybrid System II)
    The PRIUS delivers low fuel consumption and higher
    power using the THS II.
    PRIUS
    (ZVW30)
    PRIUS
    (NHW11)

    (km/L)

    Japanese 10 - 15
    Mode Fuel Efficiency

    Better Fuel
    Economy

    COROLLA
    (1.3L)

    PRIUS
    (NHW20)

    COROLLA
    (1.5L)

    Trade-off between
    performance and fuel economy
    in conventional vehicles
    CAMRY
    (2.4L)

    Better Acceleration
    17

    0 - 100 km/h Acceleration (sec.)

    What is a Hybrid Vehicle?


    THS II (TOYOTA Hybrid System II)
    Main differences between THS and THS II

    MG2

    MG1

    274 V

    HV Battery

    THS

    [PRIUS (NHW11)]
    High
    High
    Power
    Power

    Max.
    650 V
    MG2

    MG1

    Boost Converter
    201.6 V

    THS II

    18

    Low
    Low
    Energy
    Energy
    Loss
    Loss

    [PRIUS (ZVW30)]

    HV Battery

    What is a Hybrid Vehicle?


    Characteristics when driving a hybrid vehicle
    The vehicle can run on gasoline only, and does not
    need to be recharged.
    If the battery charge decreases, the engine drives the
    generator, which recharges the battery.

    19

    What is a Hybrid Vehicle?


    Characteristics when driving a hybrid vehicle
    The vehicle can be driven while the READY indicator
    light is on.
    The engine will stop while the vehicle is stopped in
    order to improve fuel economy.
    The engine starts up automatically after the vehicle
    starts off.

    READY Indicator Light


    20

    What is a Hybrid Vehicle?


    Hybrid Vehicle Lineup
    1997

    2001

    PRIUS
    (NHW11)

    2003

    2004

    2006

    2007

    GS450h

    PRIUS
    (NHW20)

    2009

    RX450h

    HS250h
    ESTIMA*

    ALPHARD*

    CROWN*

    1997

    21

    2001

    LS600h

    RX400h

    CAMRY

    2004

    PRIUS Plug-in
    (ZVW35)

    HIGHLANDER
    (MHU48)

    HIGHLANDER
    (MUH 23, 28)

    2003

    PRIUS
    (ZVW30)

    2006

    2007

    2009

    *: Only for the Japanese market

    What is a Hybrid Vehicle?


    Number of Hybrid Vehicles Sold
    1997

    2001

    2003

    2004

    2006

    2007

    2009

    2003

    2004

    2006

    2007

    2009

    Cumulative Sales

    2,000,000

    1,600,000

    1,200,000

    800,000

    400,000

    1997

    2001

    Cumulative sales top 2-million mark


    22

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