Mechanical OAW

Oxyacetylene
welding
Supplies of Oxyacetylene Welding

-Most oxygen used in the welding industry is extracted
from the atmosphere by liquefaction techniques. The
Oxygen for welding is generally supplied compressed
to about 125 bar in steel cylinder.
-Acetylene cylinders are filled with porous metal to
permit acetylene to be compressed to 17 bar.
The Acetone is added to the cylinder to increase the
absorption capacity of acetylene.
-The acetylene is produced by the reaction of water on

calcium carbide
2H2O + CaC2
Ca(OH) 2 + C2H2
Basic Welding Equipment
The Oxyacetylene welding equipment are consists of:1-Cylinders of Oxygen and acetylene for gas storage.
2-Pressure regulators, which have two gauges One indicate the
internal pressure value and the second reduces the internal pressure
to exit one.
3- Hoses to convey the gases from the cylinders to the torch.
4- The torch, which contains
A-flow valves to control the flow rates of gases.
B- Mixing chamber to mix the separated gases.
C-Tip to convey the mixed gases where the flame is burned
CYLINDERS
Oxygen and Acetylene are stored under

pressure in steel cylinders
OXYGEN CYLINDERS
These cylinders are made of steel and are
usually painted green
ACETYLENE CYLINDERS
These cylinders contain Acetylene under
pressure, are painted black .
Note the strong chain for this temporary setup.

Make sure you are working in a well-ventilated area.
Setting Up
Secure
the cylinders in an upright

position. The cylinders must be
upright to prevent getting the saturated
acetone into your regulator, hose or
torch
pressure regulator set
REGULATORS
The regulator will also maintain a steady working pressure

as the cylinder pressure drops from use.
Most regulators have two gauges. One shows the inlet
pressure from the cylinder ( the high pressure gauge ) and
the other ( low pressure gauge ) shows the working pressure
being supplied from the regulator.
WELDING HOSES
The cylinder regulators and torch are usually connected together
by double line rubber hoses. The Oxygen line is green, the fuel
line red..
Gas
Flow VALVES
Gas valves when installed between the hoses and torch

prevent this back flow as they close if a reverse flow
starts. Check valves should be used with all torches.
TORCHES
The torch assembly consists of the

handle, oxygen and fuel gas valves
and mixing chamber
WELDING AND CUTTING TIPS
The welding tip is mounted on the end

of the torch handle and through it the
oxygen and fuel gas mixture feed the
flame
Oxy-ACETYLENE WELDING TIPS

MetalThickness
TipSize
RodSize
In.
1/64 - 1/32
1/32 - 3/64
1/32 - 5/64
33/64 - 3/32
No.
000
00
0
In.
1/16
1/16
3/32
1
2
1/8
5/32
3/16-1/4
1/16 - 1/8
1/8 - 3/16
OxygenPressure AcetylenePressure
PSI
3
3
3
PSI
3
3
3
4
3
4
CUTTING ATTACHMENTS
A cutting attachment connects to the end

of the torch handle in place of the welding
tip and allows for the cutting of metal up to
8 inches thick..
STRUCTURE OF OXYFUEL FLAME

This
welding flame is produced by

supplying nearly equal volumes of oxygen
and acetylene to the torch.
The structure of the oxyacetylene flame
Primary reaction:
C2H2
Secondary reaction
In this region the air mixes with the product of the primary reaction.
O2
2CO
+ H2
+ 448 KJ/mol
2CO + H2 + 1.5O2
TYPES OF OXY-ACETYLENE FLAMES
1-Neutral flame: 1.04- 1.14 volume of O2 + 1 volume of C2H2. This

flame is used in welding: carbon steel, and most ferrous alloys.
2- Oxidizing flame : 1.14-1.17 vol.O2 + 1 vol. C2H2 It is used in

welding copper, various bronze and nickel, silver and brass.
3- Reducing flame : 0.25- 0.95 Vol. O2 + 1 vol. C2H2 is used

for gas welding of Al-alloys and many alloy steels low
carbon, high chromium stainless steels.
2CO2
H2O + 812 KJ/mol
Three distinct flame settings are used, neutral, oxidising and carburising
Neutral flame
Carburizing flame
Oxidizing flame
General conditions for oxyfuel welding

Metal rod
Flame
adjustment
Flux
Welding
Steel cast
Neutral
No
Steel
Steel pipe
Neutral
No
Steel
Steel plate
Neutral
No
Steel
Steel sheet
Neutral
No
Steel
Slightly oxidizing
Yes
Bronze
High carbon steel
Slightly oxidizing
No
Steel
Wrought iron
Neutral
No
Steel
Galvanized iron
Neutral
No
Steel
Slightly oxidizing
Yes
Bronze
Neutral
Yes
Cast Iron
Slightly oxidizing
Yes
Bronze
Cast iron malleable
Slightly oxidizing
Yes
Bronze
Cast iron pipe, gray
Neutral
Yes
Cast Iron
Slightly oxidizing
Yes
Bronze
Cast iron pipe
Neutral
Yes
Cast Iron
Cr-Ni-steel casting
Neutral
Yes
Cr-Ni steel
Cr-Ni-steel 18-8
Neutral
Yes
Cr-stainless steel
Cr-steel
Neutral
Yes
Cr-stainless steel
Cast iron gray
SAFETY
The following is a list of some safety items that should be followed when
using an Oxy-Acetylene out fit.
Never use oil or grease on or around Oxygen equipment.

Never use Oxygen or fuel gas to blow dirt or dust off clothing or equipment.
Always wear the proper welding goggles, gloves and clothing when
operating Oxy-Acetylene equipment.
Always replace cylinder caps when finished using cylinders.

Always use the proper regulator for the gas in the cylinder.
Always use cylinders in the upright position only.

Always be aware of others around you when using a torch.
Be careful not to let welding hoses come into contact with torch flame or
sparks from cutting.
Advantages of Oxy-Acetylene Welding :
It's easy to learn.

The equipment is cheaper than most other types of
welding
The equipment is more portable than most other types
of welding
OA equipment can also be used to "flame-cut" large
pieces of material.
Disadvantages of Oxy-Acetylene Welding :
OA weld lines are much rougher in appearance than

other kinds of welds, and require more finishing.
OA welds have large heat affected zones.
DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSIONS

Write
a report including discussion on the

following items:
1-Sketch and explain the purpose of basic parts
of an oxyacetylene welding system.
2- State the chemical reaction between C 2H2
and O2 to form neutral welding flame.

3- Draw the structure of the neutral oxy acetylene flame, illustrating the position of
max. Temperature, primary and secondary
reaction zones.
4-
Discuss the types of oxy-acetylene

flames and fields of application of
each one.
5- Differentiate- in tabulated form between the rightwards and leftwards
welding methods.
6- State the advantages and limitations of
the oxy-acetylene welding process.
7-Complete the following table

Metal rod
Flame
adjustment
Flux
Welding
Steel cast
Steel
Steel pipe
Steel
Steel plate
Steel
Steel sheet
Steel
Bronze
High carbon steel
Steel
Wrought iron
Steel
Galvanized iron
Steel
Bronze
Cast iron gray
Cast Iron
Bronze
Cast iron malleable
Bronze
Cast iron pipe, gray
Cast Iron
Bronze
Cast iron pipe
Cast Iron
Cr-Ni-steel casting
Cr-Ni steel
Cr-Ni-steel 18-8
Cr-stainless steel
Cr-steel
Cr-stainless steel
Material
type
Steel
sheet
Stainless
steel
Copper
alloy
Aluminu
m alloy
Flame Filler rod

name
Flux type Specimen

(Yes/no)
thickness
Welding technique
Forward Backward

Mechanical OAW

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

Mechanical OAW

Uploaded by

Document Information

Original Description:

Copyright

Available Formats

Share this document

Share or Embed Document

Sharing Options

Did you find this document useful?

Is this content inappropriate?

Copyright:

Available Formats

Mechanical OAW

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

Oxyacetylene

Supplies of Oxyacetylene Welding

-The acetylene is produced by the reaction of water on

Basic Welding Equipment

Oxygen and Acetylene are stored under

Note the strong chain for this temporary setup.

the cylinders in an upright

pressure regulator set

The regulator will also maintain a steady working pressure

Gas valves when installed between the hoses and torch

The torch assembly consists of the

WELDING AND CUTTING TIPS

The welding tip is mounted on the end

Oxy-ACETYLENE WELDING TIPS

A cutting attachment connects to the end

STRUCTURE OF OXYFUEL FLAME

welding flame is produced by

The structure of the oxyacetylene flame

TYPES OF OXY-ACETYLENE FLAMES

1-Neutral flame: 1.04- 1.14 volume of O2 + 1 volume of C2H2. This

2- Oxidizing flame : 1.14-1.17 vol.O2 + 1 vol. C2H2 It is used in

3- Reducing flame : 0.25- 0.95 Vol. O2 + 1 vol. C2H2 is used

H2O + 812 KJ/mol

General conditions for oxyfuel welding

High carbon steel

Cast iron malleable

Cast iron pipe, gray

Cast iron pipe

Cast iron gray

Never use oil or grease on or around Oxygen equipment.

Always replace cylinder caps when finished using cylinders.

Always use cylinders in the upright position only.

Advantages of Oxy-Acetylene Welding :

It's easy to learn.

Disadvantages of Oxy-Acetylene Welding :

OA weld lines are much rougher in appearance than

DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSIONS

a report including discussion on the

and O2 to form neutral welding flame.

Discuss the types of oxy-acetylene

the oxy-acetylene welding process.

7-Complete the following table

High carbon steel

Cast iron gray

Cast iron malleable

Cast iron pipe, gray

Cast iron pipe

Flame Filler rod

Flux type Specimen

You might also like

Pfad - The Proxy pFad of © 2024 Garber Painting. All rights reserved.