Globalisation
Globalisation
Globalisation
elephant
Globaliza
tion
Globalization
There was a time when most regions were
economically self-sufficient. Locally produced foods,
fuels and raw materials were generally processed for
local consumption. Trade between different regions
was quite limited.
Today, the economies of most countries are so
interconnected that they form part of a single,
interdependent global economy.
Types of Globalisation
1.
Economic
Countries that trade with many others and have few
trade barriers are economically globalised.
2.
Social
A measure of how easily information and ideas pass
between people in their own country and between
different countries (includes access to internet and
social media networks).
3.Political
The amount of political co-operation there is
between countries.
Causes of Globalisation:
1. Improved Communications
The development of communication
technologies such as internet, email
and mobile phones have been vital to
the growth of globalisation because
they help MNCs to operate throughout
the world.
The development of satellite TV
channels such as Sky and CNN have
also provided worldwide marketing
avenues for the concept and products
of globalisation.
Causes of Globalisation
2. Improved Transport
The development of refrigerated and
container transport, bulk shipping
and improved air transport has
allowed the easy mass movement of
goods throughout the world. This
assists globalisation.
Causes of Globalisation:
3. Free Trade Agreements
MNCs and rich capitalist countries
have always promoted global free
trade as a way of increasing their
own wealth and influence.
International organisations such as
the World Trade Organisation and the
IMF also promote free trade.
Causes of Globalisation:
4. Global Banking
Modern communication technologies allow
vast amounts of capital to flow freely and
instantly throughout the world.
The equivalent of up to $US1.3 trillion is
traded each day through international
stock exchanges in cities such as New
York, London and Tokyo.
Causes of Globalisation:
5. The Growth of MNCs
The rapid growth of big MNCs such as Microsoft,
McDonalds and Nike is a cause as well as a
consequence of globalisation.
The investment of MNCs in farms, mines and
factories across the world is a major part of
globalisation.
Globalisation allows MNCs to produce goods and
services and to sell products on a massive scale
throughout the world.