Chapter 6
Chapter 6
Chapter 6
1 Understand Torsion
terms represented by
each letter in the
general equation for
the torsion of circular
cross-section shafts:
Solid shaft
d D
2 2
J 2x 3 dx J dx
3
2 x
0 d
d 2
2x 4 2 D
J Hollow
2shaft
x4 2
4 J
0
4 d
d 4
J 2
32
J D4 d 4
32
6.1.7 Use the relationship in general equation to solve problem
related to solid shaft or hollow circular shaft subjected to torque.
M x 0 6 kN m 14 kN m TBC
TBC 20 kN m
J
2
4 4
c2 c1 0.060 4 0.045 4
2
13.92 10 6 m 4 Tc Tc 6 kN m
max 65MPa
J c4 c3
TBC c2 20 kN m 0.060 m 2 2
max 2
J 13.92 10 6 m 4 c 38.9 10 3 m
86.2 MPa
d 2c 77.8 mm
min c1 min 45 mm
max c2 86.2 MPa 60 mm max 86.2 MPa
min 64.7 MPa min 64.7 MPa
6.1.8 Use the relationship in 6.1.1 to
solve problems on simple parallel and
series composite shafts.
The solid brass rod AB (G = 39 GPa) is bonded to
the solid aluminium rod BC (G = 27 GPa).
Determine the angle of twist (a) at B, (b) at A.
6.1.9 Calculate the power transmitted by the
shaft using the following formula P = T or P
= 2NT/60
Power transmitted by a circular shaft, P - depends upon
the magnitude of the torque and the speed of rotation,
.Power is the rate at which work is done.
P=T
where, P is power (watt)
T is torque (Nm)
is angular speed (rad/s)
The angular speed is often expressed as the frequency,
f, of rotation, i.e. the number of revolutions per second.
This means that
= 2 f
where f is measured in Hertz (Hz) = s-1
6.1.9 Calculate the power transmitted by the
shaft using the following formula P = T or P
= 2NT/60
Hence,
P = 2 f T
Also, may be expressed in revolutions per minute (rpm),
denoted by N.
(where N is in rpm)
PROBLEM 4
A 1.6m long tubular steel shaft (G =
77GPa) of 42 mm outer diameter d1
and 30 mm inner diameter d2 is to
transmit 120 kW between a turbine
and a generator. Knowing that the
allowable shearing stress is 65 MPa,
determine the minimum frequency at
which the shaft may rotate.
PROBLEM 5
One of two hollow drive shafts of an ocean
liner is 38m long, and its outer and inner
diameters are 400mm and 200mm
respectively. The shaft is made of a steel
for which tall = 60MPa and G = 77GPa.
Knowing that the maximum speed of
rotation of the shaft is 2.75Hz, determine
a. the maximum power that can be
transmitted by the one shaft to its
propeller,
b. the corresponding angle of twist of the
shaft.
PROBLEM 6
A solid steel shaft AB
shown below is used to
transmit 3750 W from
the motor M to which it
is attached. If the shaft
rotates at = 175 rpm
and the steel has an
allowable shear stress of
allow = 100MPa,
determine the required
diameter of the shaft to
the nearest mm.
25
7.3 Power Transmission
Solution Problem 5