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Blood Typing Lab: Whodunit?

This document summarizes blood typing and cross-matching procedures. It discusses the ABO blood group system and Rh factor, which are genetically determined antigens on red blood cells. The four main blood types - A, B, AB, and O - are determined based on the presence or absence of A and B antigens and the corresponding antibodies in plasma. Cross-matching tests donor and recipient blood for compatibility. The lab procedure involves placing drops of blood and antibodies in wells to observe clumping reactions and determine blood types to solve a crime.

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Fate Galvez
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424 views

Blood Typing Lab: Whodunit?

This document summarizes blood typing and cross-matching procedures. It discusses the ABO blood group system and Rh factor, which are genetically determined antigens on red blood cells. The four main blood types - A, B, AB, and O - are determined based on the presence or absence of A and B antigens and the corresponding antibodies in plasma. Cross-matching tests donor and recipient blood for compatibility. The lab procedure involves placing drops of blood and antibodies in wells to observe clumping reactions and determine blood types to solve a crime.

Uploaded by

Fate Galvez
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Blood Typing Lab

Whodunit?
Blood typing
Whats your blood type? O+

ABO and Rh are totally independent of


each other
ABO Antigens and Antibodies

Surface Antibodies
Antigens
A A Anti-B
B B Anti-A
AB A, B none
O none Anti-A
Anti-B
The Rh Factor
Also called D Surface Antibo-
antigen Antigens dies
Either Rh positive Rh+ Rh factor none
(Rh+) or Rh Rh- none none
negative (Rh-) Rh- none Anti Rh
Only sensitized Rh - Sens
blood has anti-Rh
antibodies
Blood Types
Genetically determined cell surface
markers (antigens) on RBCs, including
ABO group glycolipids on RBC surface
Rh factor membrane protein
4 Basic Blood Types
A has surface antigen A
B has surface antigen B
AB has both antigens A and B
O has neither A nor B

A has type B antibodies


B has type A antibodies
O has both A and B antibodies
AB has neither A nor B antibodies
4 Basic Blood Types

Antigens also called agglutinogens


Antibodies called agglutinins

Figure 196a
ABO Antigens and Antibodies

Surface Antibodies
Antigens
A A Anti-B
B B Anti-A
AB A, B none
O none Anti-A
Anti-B
The Rh Factor
Also called D Surface Antibo-
antigen Antigens dies
Either Rh positive Rh+ Rh factor none
(Rh+) or Rh Rh- none none
negative (Rh-) Rh- none Anti Rh
Only sensitized Rh - Sens
blood has anti-Rh
antibodies
Blood type questions
Which blood type is the best in emergency
settings (hint: which type can be given to
anyone?)
Which blood type is the lucky one that can
receive blood from any donor?
Cross-Reaction

Figure 196b
Cross-Reaction
If donor and recipient blood types not
compatible:
Plasma antibody meets its specific surface
antigen and blood will agglutinate and
hemolyze
Blood Type Test
Determines blood type and compatibility

Figure 197
Cross-Match Test
Performed on donor and recipient blood
for compatibility to blood surface antigens
other than ABO and Rh
Blood typing procedures
Skip part A
Part B: 6 trays with three wells each
Victim Crime scene Suspect 1

A B Rh A B Rh A B Rh

Suspect 2 Suspect 3 Suspect 4

A B Rh A B Rh A B Rh

6 Bottles of blood 3 Bottles of antibodies


Blood Typing Procedures
For each well Place 1-2 drops of blood from one
bottle in all 3 wells
1-2 drops of crime scene in each of the three wells
1-2 drops of victim in each of the three wells
1-2 drops of suspect 1 in each of the three wells
1-2 drops of suspect 2 in each of the three wells
1-2 drops of suspect 3 in each of the three wells
1-2 drops of suspect 4 in in each of the three wells
For each tray add:
1-3 drops of anti-A serum to one well and stir
1-3 drops of anti-B serum to one well and stir
1-3 drops of anti-Rh serum to one well and stir
Look for clumping reaction
Blood type?
What is the blood type? x = clumping rxn.
A B Rh

X X

Next question: what antibodies does this


person have in their blood?
To turn in
Lab report pages 5 and 6 with completed
table and questions
Due next Thursday

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