Abrasive Grinding Presentation

Abrasive Grinding Wheels
Session Objectives
You will be able to:
• Identify grinder hazards
• Understand guarding requirements
• Select necessary PPE
• Adjust work rests, replace wheels, and
conduct a ring test
• Inspect grinders properly before use
• Work safely on abrasive grinding wheels
What You Need to Know
• OSHA regulations
• Types of grinders and wheels
• Wheel guarding and work rests
requirements
• Required PPE
• Wheel replacement and testing
• Inspection procedures and safe work
practices
OSHA Requirements
• Design specifications
• Guarding
• Safe operation
• Inspection of equipment
• Repairs and maintenance
OSHA Violations
• OSHA’s list of most frequently violated
standards
• Abrasive wheel exposure limits
• Abrasive wheel work rests
Grinding Wheel Hazards
• Hand injuries from the
moving wheel
• Eye injuries from flying
chips and exploding
wheels
Grinding Wheel
Hazards (cont.)
• Hearing damage from
the noise
• Respiratory ailments
from dust and fumes
Types of Grinders
• Bench and pedestal
grinders
• Portable grinders
• Edge or circumference
used for grinding
• Flat side of wheel used
for grinding
Types of Wheels
• Cutting off wheel
• Abrasive wheel
• Organic wheel
• Inorganic wheel
• Vitrified wheel
• Wire brush and buffing
wheels
Wheel Speed
• Surface feet per minute
(SFPM)
• 0.262 X diameter in
inches x revolutions
per minute (RPM)
• 12" wheel at 1,000
RPM = 3,144 SFPM
• 24" wheel at 1,000
RPM = 6,288 SFPM
Typical Guarding
• Heavy metal enclosure
• Cover spindle, nut, and
flange
• Side guards cover
75% of wheel diameter
• Adjustable tongue
guard must be
positioned within 1/4"
of the surface of the
grinding wheel
Band-Type Guard
• Flat side of wheel is used to grind
• Back and edges of wheel are guarded
• Inside of band is free of projections
• Inside edge is less than 1" from edge of
wheel
• Wheel protrudes slightly beyond guard
Flanges
• Used to mount most abrasive wheels
• Transmit torque from spindle to wheel
• At least 1/3 of wheel diameter
• Made of strong and rigid material
• Must be replaced when bearing surface
becomes worn, warped, or damaged
Blotters
• Compressible washers
• Used between flanges and wheel surface
• Ensure uniform distribution of flange
pressure
• Cover entire contact area of flange
Work Rest
• Supports material
being worked on
• Is adjustable for wheel
wear
• Must be less than 1/8"
away from wheel
• Large gap could cause
jamming and injuries
Image Credit: OSHA

Work Rest (cont.)
• Positioned just below wheel’s center
• Secured in position
• Replaced when worn or damaged
Abrasive Wheel Grinder
Basics
• Do you understand the
information presented
in the previous slides?
Required PPE
• Safety glasses with
side shields or goggles
• Face shield
• Respirator
Image Credit: OSHA

Required PPE (cont.)
• Hearing protection
• Gloves
Work Clothes and
Grooming
• No oversized shirts or
sweatshirts
• No unzipped shirts,
sweaters, or jackets
• No long sleeves with
unbuttoned cuffs
• No dangling jewelry
• No loose long hair
Replacing Grinding Wheels
• Disconnect power
source
• Be sure wheel’s rated
speed is greater than
machine’s maximum
speed
• Handle wheel carefully
• Inspect wheel for
cracks or damage
Ring Test
• Check for hidden wheel cracks
• Use a light, nonmetallic tool to gently tap the
dry, clean wheel
• Metallic “ping” means wheel is OK
• Dull thud means wheel is cracked
Grinder Inspections
Make sure:
• Grinder is securely mounted
• Wheel is mounted securely
• Guards are in place
• Power transmission motor is covered
• Work rest is positioned correctly
• Work rest is in good condition
Grinder Inspections (cont.)
Make sure:
• Wheel is evenly worn
• Wheel has no nicks, cuts, or cracks
• Flanges are in good condition
• Work area is clear of combustibles
• Electrical connections are in good condition
• Dust collection system is working
Safe Grinder Operation
• Make sure you’re wearing required PPE
• Turn on the wheel while standing off to
the side
• Allow the grinder to come to full speed
Safe Grinder Operation (cont.)
• Stand in a balanced
position
• Keep firm control of the
grinder or material
• Do not extend yourself
or overreach
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PPE, Inspections,
and Safe Work Practices
• Do you understand the
information presented
in the previous slides?
Key Points to Remember
• Make sure you understand abrasive
grinding wheel hazards
• Always wear required PPE
• Inspect the grinder and wheel before
each use
• Adjust the tongue guard and work rest
properly
• Take precautions when starting and
operating abrasive grinding wheels

Abrasive Grinding Presentation

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What are the main types of grinding wheels?

What are the main types of grinders?

Abrasive Grinding Wheels

Image Credit: OSHA

Image Credit: OSHA

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