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Atoms, Elements, Compounds, and Ions

The document discusses the basic building blocks of matter: atoms, elements, compounds, and ions. It describes how atoms contain a nucleus with protons and neutrons at the center, and electrons in an outer shell. Elements are made of only one type of atom, while compounds contain two or more different types of atoms bonded together. Ions are formed when atoms gain or lose electrons, giving them a positive or negative charge.

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Pan Siew Yieng
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117 views

Atoms, Elements, Compounds, and Ions

The document discusses the basic building blocks of matter: atoms, elements, compounds, and ions. It describes how atoms contain a nucleus with protons and neutrons at the center, and electrons in an outer shell. Elements are made of only one type of atom, while compounds contain two or more different types of atoms bonded together. Ions are formed when atoms gain or lose electrons, giving them a positive or negative charge.

Uploaded by

Pan Siew Yieng
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Atoms, Elements, Compounds, and Ions

• Atom
• basic building block of all matter
• Element
•Substance that consists of only one type of atom.
•Molecule has two different atoms.
• Compound
• substance that consists of more than one type of
element.
• Ion
• substance that has a positive or negative charge
Atoms have:

• A nucleus
• small, heavy part of the atom

•An electron cloud


• large, lightweight part of the atom

Nucleus Electron Cloud


Nucleus of an Atom

• Nucleus contains:
• Protons
• Have a positive charge N
N
• All atoms are distinguished by
the number of protons it N
has (atomic number)
• Neutrons
• Have no charge
• Have same mass as protons
Electron Cloud of an Atom

An electron cloud contains:

e- • Electrons
• have a negative charge
• are contained within shells of the
e- electron cloud
• orbit the nucleus of the atom
• have a very small mass compared to
protons and neutrons
• determine bonding properties of
substance
Atom Structure
Neutron

-1

Proton
+1 +1
Electron

-1
Elements
Elements contain one or more of the same type of atom!

Examples include:
Hydrogen – 1 proton per atom
Carbon – 6 protons per atom
Oxygen – 8 protons per atom
Copper – 29 protons per atom
Gold – 79 protons per atom
Compounds contain more than one type of atom!
Example of organic compound (a compound with carbon atoms):
 Carbon Dioxide – CO2 (1 atom of carbon and two atoms of oxygen)

Example of inorganic compound (a compound with no carbon atoms):


 Water – H2O (2 atoms of hydrogen and one atom of oxygen)
+ -
An ion is an atom or group of atoms with a positive or negative
charge!!

 A particle with a neutral charge has the same number of


protons and electrons.
 An ion does not have the same number of electrons and protons.
 Examples of ions:
• He+ - A helium atom that is missing one electron.
The atom has one more proton than electron,
and must have a positive charge.
•CO32- - Carbonate has two more electrons than protons
Lets take a look deep
inside
Lets take a look deep
inside
Lets take a look deep
inside
Lets take a look deep
inside
This is a Proton.
Positive Charge
weighs ONE
Tells what type
of atom it is
GIRL
This is a Proton.
Positive Charge
weighs ONE
Tells what type
of atom it is
GIRL
This is a Proton.
Positive Charge
weighs ONE
Tells what type
of atom it is
GIRL
This is a Proton.
Positive Charge
weighs ONE
Tells what type
This is a Neutron No of atom it is
Charge, Weighs One
GIRL
NUN (does not
date)
This is an Electron
No Weight
Negative charge
BOY
This is a Proton.
Positive Charge
weighs ONE
Tells what type
This is a Neutron No of atom it is
Charge, Weighs ONE
GIRL
NUN (does not
date)
Element Guide
Element Guide

2
Element Guide

2
Element Guide
Proton Number-tells what
element it is. (also the
atomic number) 2
Element Guide
Proton Number-tells
what element it is. (also
the atomic number) 2
He
Element Guide
Proton Number-tells
what element it is. (also
the atomic number) 2
He
Element Guide
Proton Number-tells
what element it is. (also
the atomic number) 2
Explains name of the
element.
He
Element Guide
Proton Number-tells
what element it is. (also
the atomic number) 2
Explains name of the
element.
He
4
Element Guide
Proton Number-tells
what element it is. (also
the atomic number) 2
Explains name of the
element.
He
4
Element Guide
Proton Number-tells
what element it is. (also
the atomic number) 2
Explains name of the
element.
He
4
Explains the total
atomic weight-The
number of protons
PLUS the number of
neutrons.
Element Guide
Proton Number-tells
what element it is. (also
the atomic number) 2
Explains name of the
element.
He
4
Explains the total
atomic weight-The
number of protons
PLUS the number of
neutrons.

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