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CH12.PPTtextbooklecture Ary

The document provides tips for overcoming public speaking anxiety and delivering effective presentations. It states that 75-85% of Americans experience some speech anxiety. While a little nervousness can be good, too much can be debilitating. Common sources of anxiety include irrational thinking, previous negative experiences, lack of preparation, fear of criticism, unknown factors, and the spotlight. The document recommends preparing, focusing on the audience, visualization, and stress reduction exercises. It also discusses types of delivery, practicing effectively, and guidelines for appearance, movement, posture, expressions, eye contact, and paralanguage.

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38 views38 pages

CH12.PPTtextbooklecture Ary

The document provides tips for overcoming public speaking anxiety and delivering effective presentations. It states that 75-85% of Americans experience some speech anxiety. While a little nervousness can be good, too much can be debilitating. Common sources of anxiety include irrational thinking, previous negative experiences, lack of preparation, fear of criticism, unknown factors, and the spotlight. The document recommends preparing, focusing on the audience, visualization, and stress reduction exercises. It also discusses types of delivery, practicing effectively, and guidelines for appearance, movement, posture, expressions, eye contact, and paralanguage.

Uploaded by

Selfhel
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Presenting your message

Ch. 12
Communication apprehension,
Speech anxiety = Stage fright

 75-85% of the U.S. population


experiences some type of anxiety when
faced with giving a public presentation
 The issue is not whether or not you are
nervous it is how you deal with that
nervousness
Two types of stage fright:

 Facilitative stage fright


- a little nervousness is good

 Debilitative stage fright


There are many reasons for public
speaking anxiety

“I’m afraid…
…I will forget what I am supposed to say.”
…I will make a huge embarrassing mistake.”
…that students will think that I am boring.”
…that I will look stupid.”
Sources of Debilitative Stage fright

1. Irrational Thinking
2. Previous negative experience
3. Lack of experience
4. Fear of negative criticism
5. Fear of the unknown
6. Fear of being the center of attention
Overcoming each of the six
common sources of debilitative
stage fright
#1 Irrational thinking: Knowing that
irrational thinking is often based on
fallacies

1. Catastrophic failure
2. Perfection
3. Approval
4. Overgeneralization
Be rational
 Figure out the basis for nervousness and dispel it
What are you afraid of and why?
 Turn negative thoughts into positive thoughts

Remember:
 Fear of public speaking is common
 Just because you are a bit nervous does not mean
you will not succeed
#2 Previous negative experience:
Be positive
 Build and maintain a positive attitude toward your
audience, your speech, and yourself as a speaker

Three statements to concentrate on:


1. “I’m glad I’m here”
2. “I know my topic”
3. “ I have important/interesting information
to give the audience”
#3 Lack of experience: Be Prepared
 Know your topic well
 Practice your speech several times
 Being prepared eliminates anxiety and increases confidence in
subject matter
 Work especially hard on your introduction.
***Research has shown that a speaker’s anxiety level begins to
drop significantly after the first 30 seconds of a presentation
#4 Fear of negative criticism
 Focus on people in the audience who are
sending confirming messages

Remember:
 The audience wants you to succeed
 You have knowledge the audience wants
 The audience probably doesn’t know that you
are nervous
#5 Fear of the unknown

 Practice and prepare as much as possible in


order to reduce uncertainty
 Practice visualization
#6 Fear of the spotlight: Be
receiver oriented

 Concentrate on audience members not


yourself
 Focus on building a connection with audience
members
 Focus on your message
 Make eye contact with members of your
audience
Additional ways of overcoming
speaking anxiety

Visualization
Stress reduction exercises
Be ready and confident
Visualization

 Using your imagination to visualize the


successful completion of your speech
 Visualize giving your entire speech in detail,
imagine how the audience will respond
positively to you
 Visualization may help you create a positive
self-fulfilling prophecy
reduce stress

 Quietly tighten and relax your leg muscles,


your hands together and then release them
 Take a couple of slow deep breaths before you
start to speak
Be ready and confident

 Be at your best physically and mentally


 Try to get a good nights sleep the night before
presenting
 Wear cloths that make you feel comfortable
and confident
In conclusion

 It is normal to be nervous at the idea of


presenting a speech.
 Everyone in this class has the skills and
ability to be successful public speakers
PART TWO: Delivering your speech
Types of Delivery

 Extemporaneous
 Impromptu
 Manuscript
 Memorized
Extemporaneous Speech
 Planned in advance but delivered in a
spontaneous manner
 Speak directly to the audience in a
conversational manner
 Practice several times, but appear
unrehearsed
 Know main points but do not memorize word
for word!
Impromptu Speech

 A speech off the top of your head, with


little or no preparation
Remember the following when
giving an impromptu speech:
• Scribble a few brief notes before going on
stage
• Use personal experience
• Stay positive
In preparation for an impromptu
speech:

• Answer: Who? What? When? Where? Why?


and How?
• Choose one main point that you will focus on
• Include Introduction, body, and conclusion
• Keep your comments brief and to the point
• Relate your topic to the audience
Manuscript Speeches

Speeches that are read word for word from a


prepared text
Memorized Speeches

 Speeches that are delivered word for word


 Most difficult and often least effective
 Come across as stiff and extremely formal
 Add to feelings of stage fright
PART THREE: Practicing your speech

 A successful speech that is smooth and


effective is always the result of extensive
practice
 Begin practicing a couple of days before
speech
Steps to follow when practicing:

1. “talk through” the entire speech


2. Practice speech several times in full
3. Tape-record or video tape yourself speaking
4. Practice in front of a small group of friends
or family
Guidelines for Delivery

There are several components to pay attention


to when delivering a speech:
 Appearance
 Movement
 Posture
 Facial Expression
 Eye Contact
 Paralanguage
Appearance

 It is important to appear credible and


comfortable when delivering a speech
 Wear cloths that you are comfortable and
confident in
Movement

 an important element to your speech


 can add or take away from the effectiveness
of your speech
Effective Movements

Use movement to…


• emphasize points
 show change in topics
 show involvement in what you are saying
 retain audience attention

*Planned movements help to alleviate


unplanned movements
Ineffective movements

 Fidgeting
 Rocking
 Leaning
 Pulling and tugging at clothing
 Tapping

*When practicing be aware of your ineffective


movements
Posture

Good posture:
 standing with your spine relatively straight
 your shoulders relative squared off
 Your feet angled out to keep your body

from leaning form one side or another


* Find a comfortable balance in your posture,
do not want to look too stiff or too relaxed
Facial expressions

 should go along with message you are


presenting
 Practice facial expressions in the mirror
while practicing your speech
Eye contact

 Increases audience interest


 Helps control nervousness

*Try to meet the eyes of each member of your


audience at least once during presentation
Paralanguage

 Volume -not too loud or too quiet


 Rate -not too slow or too fast
 Pitch -Vary pitch in order to keep speech
interesting (avoid monotone)
 Articulation -learn how to pronounce words
correctly
In conclusion

 Practicing your speech is an important key to


success.
 When practicing your presentation be aware
of your effective and ineffective verbal and
nonverbal behaviors.

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