Acids and Bases

Acids and Alkalis
Aim:
To understand the properties of acids and
alkalis
To identify different chemicals as acid or alkali
Safety
Some of the chemicals you
will be using in this topic are
HAZARDOUS.
You may find various symbols

on the bottles containing the
acids and alkalis
What do they mean?

Corrosive
What do these hazard symbols
mean?
Harmful Irritant
Flammable Toxic
Properties of Acids
• Strong acids are
corrosive and can ‘eat
away’ at materials like
metal, stone and flesh!
• Weak acids like lemon
and vinegar taste sour.
• Acids contain hydrogen
(but not all things that
contain hydrogen are
acids)
Acids
You will often find these acids in the science lab, however they can also be
found naturally. Where else may you find them?
What type of acid do these
contain?
Citric acid Phosphoric acid

Ethanoic acid
Tannic acid Lactic acid

Properties of Bases and Alkalis
•They feel soapy to touch

•They are soluble bases
•Like acids they can ‘burn’ the skin
•Alkalis contain hydroxide ions
•They taste bitter
Alkalis
In the science lab you will often find these alkalis. Alkalis are also present
in these objects:
Indigestion
tablets
Wasp stings
Cleaning Soap
products Baking soda
Toothpaste
Using Indicators
Aim:
Use a range of different indicators to identify
acids and alkalis.
Explain the advantages and drawbacks of
different indicators.
Using Indicators
Indicators work by changing to one colour in
acids and another colour in alkalis
There are many different indicators, in this
experiment you are going to test a few and
record what colour they turn in an acidic,
alkaline and neutral solution.
During the experiment you will need to
remember that sodium hydroxide is alkaline,
hydrochloric acid is acidic and water is neutral
Results and Conclusion
Homework
Make a display showing the examples of
acids and alkalis you use in your home.
You could:
Cut out pictures from the internet.
Use labels from cans, jars and bottles.
Cut out pictures from magazines and
newspapers.
Universal Indicator
Aim:
Use Universal Indicator to identify acids and
alkalis.
Use the pH scale to identify the strength of
different acids and alkalis.
The Universal Indicator scale
Practical Work
Name of Colour in U.I pH Number Acid, Alkali or
Substance Neutral?
Universal Indicator
Mystery
Aim:
Use universal indicator to identify
some mystery solutions.
Universal Indicator Mystery
Results Table
Solution Colour in pH Label
U.I
A
E
Making an indicator
Aim:
Make an indicator from a natural source.
Use your indicator to identify a range of acids and
alkalis.
Evaluate and decide which indicator is the best and
explain why.
Making an Indicator
Proper pH indicator solution or paper is expensive!
We can make our own, less-expensive pH indicator

solution or paper using certain flowers, fruits and
vegetables.
Each table will be making a range of different indicators

from different sources and testing each one to find out
which is the best!
Results Table
Indicator Colour in Colour in Colour in
Acid Alkali Neutral
Red
Cabbage
Beetroot
Red Onion
Neutralisation
Aim:
Explain what the term Neutralisation means.
Interpret graphs.
Identify some everyday examples of
neutralisation.
What colour will the universal indicator turn in these
substances?
Neutralisation
Neutralisation
Q1. What is the pH
of Sodium
Hydroxide?
Q2. What is the pH

of Hydrochloric
acid?
Q3. What volume of

Sodium Hydroxide
had to be added to
neutralise the acid?
Everyday examples of
Neutralisation
Neutralisation
Neutralisation
Neutralisation
Neutralisation
Aim:
Investigate what the products of a
neutralisation reaction are.
The Products of Neutralisation
Mix together an acid and alkali in an
evaporating basin.
What two things need to be kept the same?
The Concentration and Volume of the acid
and the alkali needs to be the same.
Using a bunsen burner, tripod, heat

proof mat and gauze. Heat the
evaporating basin.
What will evaporate from the basin?
Water
What will be left in the basin?

A salt
Revision
Aim:
Revise the topic ready for your
end of unit test.

Acids and Bases

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Acids and Bases

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Acids and Alkalis

You may find various symbols

What do they mean?

Citric acid Phosphoric acid

Tannic acid Lactic acid

•They feel soapy to touch

Proper pH indicator solution or paper is expensive!

We can make our own, less-expensive pH indicator

Each table will be making a range of different indicators

Q2. What is the pH

Q3. What volume of

Using a bunsen burner, tripod, heat

What will be left in the basin?

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