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    Automatic Sun Tracking System (ASTS)

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    mayank bisht
    This document discusses an automatic sun tracking system. It begins with an introduction to solar energy production using photovoltaic cells. It then defines a solar tracker as a device that orients solar panels, reflectors or other payloads toward the sun for optimal energy production. The document outlines the key components of an automatic sun tracking system, including stepper motors, microcontrollers and sensors. It describes how the system works by using inputs like sun position and irradiance data to control the orientation of solar panels through the day and year for maximum output. Applications include small and medium scale power generation, especially in remote areas. The advantages are increased efficiency and renewable energy production, while disadvantages include higher initial costs and need for maintenance of

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    Automatic Sun Tracking System (ASTS)

    Uploaded by

    mayank bisht
    190 views18 pages
    This document discusses an automatic sun tracking system. It begins with an introduction to solar energy production using photovoltaic cells. It then defines a solar tracker as a device that orients solar panels, reflectors or other payloads toward the sun for optimal energy production. The document outlines the key components of an automatic sun tracking system, including stepper motors, microcontrollers and sensors. It describes how the system works by using inputs like sun position and irradiance data to control the orientation of solar panels through the day and year for maximum output. Applications include small and medium scale power generation, especially in remote areas. The advantages are increased efficiency and renewable energy production, while disadvantages include higher initial costs and need for maintenance of

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    This document discusses an automatic sun tracking system. It begins with an introduction to solar energy production using photovoltaic cells. It then defines a solar tracker as a device that orients solar panels, reflectors or other payloads toward the sun for optimal energy production. The document outlines the key components of an automatic sun tracking system, including stepper motors, microcontrollers and sensors. It describes how the system works by using inputs like sun position and irradiance data to control the orientation of solar panels through the day and year for maximum output. Applications include small and medium scale power generation, especially in remote areas. The advantages are increased efficiency and renewable energy production, while disadvantages include higher initial costs and need for maintenance of

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    190 views18 pages

    Automatic Sun Tracking System (ASTS)

    Uploaded by

    mayank bisht
    This document discusses an automatic sun tracking system. It begins with an introduction to solar energy production using photovoltaic cells. It then defines a solar tracker as a device that orients solar panels, reflectors or other payloads toward the sun for optimal energy production. The document outlines the key components of an automatic sun tracking system, including stepper motors, microcontrollers and sensors. It describes how the system works by using inputs like sun position and irradiance data to control the orientation of solar panels through the day and year for maximum output. Applications include small and medium scale power generation, especially in remote areas. The advantages are increased efficiency and renewable energy production, while disadvantages include higher initial costs and need for maintenance of

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    of 18

    Seminar On

    AUTOMATIC SUN TRACKING


    SYSTEM

    Submitted To: Submitted By:


    CONTENTS
    • Introduction
    • What is a Solar Tracker ?
    • Need for a Sun Tracking System
    • Condition for Maximum Output
    • Basic Components
    • The Working
    • Applications
    • Advantages & Disadvantages
    • Conclusion
    • References
    INTRODUCTION
     EXTRACTING usable electricity from the sun was made
    possible by the discovery of the photoelectric effect.

     Subsequent development of the solar cell, which is a


    semi-conductive material that converts visible light into
    a direct current.

     Solar arrays, a series of solar cells electrically


    connected, generates a DC voltage which can be used
    on a load.
    What is a solar Tracker ?
     A solar tracker is a generic term used to describe
    devices that orient or align various payloads toward
    the sun.

     Example for payloads are photovoltaic panels,


    reflectors, Collectors, lenses or other optical devices.

     The system focuses on the optimization of the electric


    energy produced by photovoltaic cells through the
    development of a sun-tracking system.
    Need For A Sun Tracking System
     From dawn to dusk the sun keeps changing the angle
    from 0-90 rising and 90-180 declining.
     In a year of 365 days the sun moves approximately
    22.5 degrees north to 22.5 degrees south of the
    equator.
     We get maximum energy from the sun when
    - The angle of the sun is degrees
    - The sun’s position is 0 +/- 5 degrees of the
    equator
    Conditions For Maximum Output
     The difference between the incident ray and the
    reflected ray should be equal to zero, i.e. the rays
    should be perpendicular to the panel.
     The altitude is directly proportional to the efficiency
    of the system up to a certain limit.
     Very clear sky and clean atmosphere contributes a bit
    more to the efficiency of the system.
    Basic Components

     Stepper Motor
     Actuator
     Microcontroller
     A Display Unit (Optional)
     Interfacing Cables
    The Working

     Interfacing between hardware and microcontroller


     Inputs to microcontroller
     Controlling constraints
    Circuit Diagram
    The Inputs
     The various positions of the sun over a year for a
    particular geographical location is given as the
    primary input to the microcontroller.
     The irradiance of the sun for a particular
    geographical location over a year is the secondary
    input for the microcontroller.
     The real time clocking is enabled in the
    microcontroller.
    Controlling Constraints

     The microcontroller is programmed to orient the


    panel at optimum position against the sun, via
    comparing to the inputs given.
     The microcontroller is set with a lower tolerance for
    the voltage produced.
     If the voltage produced is above the tolerance then
    it holds the position of the panel.
     If the voltage falls below the tolerance, then the
    panel changes the position in the forward direction.
    Applications
     Can be used for small & medium scale power
    generations.
     For power generation at remote places where
    power lines are not accessible.
     For domestic backup power systems.
    Advantages
    • Solar tracking systems continually orient photovoltaic
    panels towards the sun and can help maximize your
    investment in your PV system.
    • One time investment, which provides higher efficiency &
    flexibility on dependency over other sources.
    • Tracking systems can help reducing emissions and can
    contribute against global warming.
    • Bulk implementations of tracking systems help reduced
    consumption of power by other sources.
    • It enhances the clean and emission free power
    production.
    Disadvantages
     Initial investment is high on solar panels.
     It’s a bit of difficult for servicing, as the tracking
    systems are not quite popular regionally.
     Moving parts and gears which will require regular
    maintenance.
     May require repair or replacement of broken parts
    over a long run.
    Conclusion
     On one hand we can see the worlds energy resources
    depletion to be a major problem.
     On the other hand global warming, which is a major
    concern.
     Switching to solar power, which is clean and green and
    enhancing its efficiency by using sun trackers is a great
    option in the near future .
    References

    www.wikipedia.com
    www.google.com
    Thanks

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