Presentation of Computer Application: Group 1 (MFC) Prof. Neeraj Singh

PRESENTATION OF COMPUTER
APPLICATION
BY:-GROUP 1(MFC) TO:- PROF. NEERAJ SINGH
SAKSHI CHITRANSH
RITIKA TIWARI
KALYANI DIXIT
SHIVANI SHARMA
RANJANA
What is COMPUTER?
FUNCTIONS
FUNCTIONALITIES OF A COMPUTER
• Takes data as input.
• Stores the data/instructions in its memory and
use them when required.
• Processes the data and converts it into useful
information.
• Generates the output.
• Controls all the above steps.
CHARACTERISTICS
COMPONENTS
OF COMPUTER
GENERATIONS OF
COMPUTER
INPUT/OUTPUT
DEVICES & STORAGE
DEVICES
MEMORY & IT’S
TYPES
WHAT IS MEMORY
• As the word implies “memory” means the
place where we have to store any thing, this is
very essential part of human being just like
this memory is also very important for
computer system because in computer system
we have to store some data or information
and for storing these items we need some
memory or space. So that’s why we can say
that memory is very important part of
computer system.
Cont...
• There are various units which are used to
measure computer memory
• Bit - Smallest unit of computer memory
• Byte - 8 bit = 1 byte
• Kilobyte - 1024 byte = 1 kb
• Megabyte - 1024 kb = 1 mb
• Gigabyte - 1024 mb = 1 gb
• Terabyte - 1024 gb = 1 tb
MEMORY
PRIMARY SECONDARY
PRIMARY MEMORY
• 1. Primary Memory :- Primary memory also
known as “main memory” or “internal
memory” which is located in the mother
board of system or as we say which is directly
connected to the CPU. It is the place where
only little bit of data are stored either by
manufacturer or by user. This is further
divided into two parts :-
PRIMARY MEMORY
RAM ROM
RAM(Read Only Memory)
RAM(Random Access Memory)
SECONDARY MEMORY
• The place where we store our personal data in
computer system is known as SM. In this we
store data so that when the data is needed we
can easily retrieve it. This is the fundamental
component of comp. system. It is non volatile
in nature so that we can not loose the data
when power supply is off. There are two
methods for accessing the data from it :-
Cont…
1. Sequential – This is the method in which we
search the data sequentially or line by line
until you find the desired data. E.g.. Magnetic
tape, etc.
2. Direct – This is the method in which computer
can go directly to the information that the
user wants. e.g. magnetic disk, optical disk,
etc.
Cont...
Now I am going to discuss some of the secondary
storage devices :-
1. Magnetic Tape :- Magnetic tape appears similar
to the tape used in music cassettes. It is a
plastic tape with magnetic coating. Mainly it is
used to store music, movie, etc. it is not used to
store data in it because as we know it comes
under sequential access and it reads data line
by line so that we can’t find the exact location
of data.
Magnetic Disk
This is widely used popular storage medium for
direct access secondary storage. This is the place
where data are automatically save when we click on
save button. It is non-volatiles that once data is
stored in it will not lost when power goes off. This
is the storage device where we mainly store or
install OS for system.
• Some of the magnetic disk are as follows:-
• Hard Disk
• Floppy Disk , etc.
Floppy Disk
• This is removable, round, flat piece of Mylar
plastic, coated with aferricoxide. This kind of disk
is read and written by Floppy Disk Drive(FDD),
which is a device which performs basic
operations on disk including reading and writing
of data to it. This was used to transfer data from
one computer to another. Earlier 5¼” floppy disks
were used but these disks have less storage
capacity so new format of 31/2” floppy disk came
in market. Nowadays floppy disk are not used
because of less storage and high rate.
OPTICAL DISK
This is the secondary storage medium in which you

can store much more data in it. This is flat, circular,
plastic disk coated with material. Optical disk is very
popular because of its small size and huge storage
capacity. You must have optical disk read eriny our
computers that you can read or write data on it.
There are two types of optical disk :-
• 1.CD
• 2.DVD
CD
Known as “Compact Disk”, mainly used to store data,
music, movie, software, etc. It can store 80 minutes of
continues video recording. The space of CD is upto
700mb.
Due to its high storage capacity it is widely used. The data
are store in it is in the form of “Pitts”. To avail the services
Of CD your computer should have CD drive.
There are two types of CD:-
• 1.CDROM
• 2.CDR/W
DVD
Known as “Digital Versatile Disk”. It is high capacity
storage medium. Mainly used to store movie, music,
software, etc. The storage capacity of DVD is upto 4.7gb.
It looks similar to CD but due to its high storage capacity
It is not cheaper as CD. To avail the facility of DVD you
must have DVD drive in your computer. DVD drive also
gives you facility to run CD disks too.
Types of DVD :-
• 1.DVD ROM.
• 2.DVD R/W.
USES OF
COMPUTERS
Computer languages are the languages by which
a user command the computer to work on the
algorithm which a user has written to get an
output.
There are mainly two types of computer
language:
• Low Level Languages(LLL)
• High Level Languages(HLL)
A High Level Language(HLL) is a programming
language such as C, FORTRAN, or PASCAL
that enables a programmer to write programs
that are more or less independent of a
particular type of computer. Such languages
are considered high-level because they are
closer to human languages and further from
machine languages.
Difference between Low-Level & High-
Level Language
• High-level Language • Low-level languages
1. Learning 1. Learning
High-level languages are Low-level languages are

easy to learn. difficult to learn.
2. Understanding 2. Understanding
High level languages are Low-level languages are

near to human languages. far from human
languages.
Level Language
3. Execution 3. Execution
Programs in high-level Programs in low-level
languages are slow in languages are fast in
execution. execution.
4. Modification 4. Modification
Programs in high-level Programs in low-level
languages are easy to languages are difficult to
modify. modify.
5. Facility at hardware level 5. Facility at hardware level
High-level languages do not Low-level languages provide
provide much facility at facility to write programs at
hardware level. hardware level.
.
Level Language
6. Knowledge of 6. Knowledge of
hardware Deep hardware Deep
Knowledge of hardware Deep knowledge of

is not required to write hardware is required to
programs. write programs.
7. Uses 7. Uses
These languages are These languages are

normally used to write normally used to write
application programs. hardware programs

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PRESENTATION OF COMPUTER

This is the secondary storage medium in which you

High-level languages are Low-level languages are

High level languages are Low-level languages are

Knowledge of hardware Deep knowledge of

These languages are These languages are

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